Virginia, known for its hot summers and cold winters, encompasses different plant hardiness zones. The key to attracting hummingbirds lies in finding plants that not only have beautiful nectar-rich flowers but also thrive in Virginia’s weather conditions. It’s crucial to consider the USDA plant hardiness zone map, which divides the United States into zones based on average minimum temperatures.
Within Virginia, most areas fall under plant hardiness zones 6 and 7, with smaller regions in zones 5 and 8. These zones determine the plants that can tolerate minimum temperatures but may not survive if it becomes too cold. Additionally, the American Horticultural Society has created a plant heat-zone map, indicating the average number of days with temperatures exceeding 86 degrees Fahrenheit. Virginia falls within heat zones 2 to 8, with colder winters being more problematic for some hummingbird plants than excessive heat.
To ensure success, it’s important to select plants suitable for the specific cold and heat zones in Virginia. Some plants listed for cold zones 7 and 8 may struggle to survive the colder winters in zones 5 and 6 without proper protection. By planting a variety of these flowers, you can maximize the chances of attracting hummingbirds in Virginia.
Here are some recommended hummingbird plants for Virginia, categorized by their respective hardiness zones:
Hummingbird Plants for Virginia, Hardiness Zones 5 and 6:
1. Nasturtiums
These trailing edible flowers, known for their rich nectar and deep, specially designed flowers, are ideal for hanging baskets that attract hummingbirds. Nasturtiums come in trailing or bush types and are typically grown as annuals. They feature vibrant colors such as red, orange, yellow, and pink.
2. Zinnia
Zinnias are flowering shrubs native to North American scrub and dry grasslands. They belong to the sunflower tribe and have three main types based on petal structure: single-flowered, double-flowered, and semi-double-flowered. Zinnias, especially the Zinnia elegans variety, are popular for attracting pollinators like butterflies and hummingbirds. They bloom in various colors, including white, yellow, orange, pink, red, and purple.
3. Agastache
Agastache, also known as “hummingbird mints” or “Giant hyssops,” are aromatic herbaceous perennials native to North America. With their striking purple and red flowers that stand out among the leaves, Agastache flowers are irresistible to hummingbirds. They thrive in full sun, prefer lean, well-drained soil, and display colors like blue, purple, red, orange, pink, and white.
4. Morning Glory
Morning Glory is a term used to describe over 1,000 species of flowering plants in the Convolvulaceae family. These flowers are named for their early morning blooming and range in colors from white and pink to purple and blue. Morning glories prefer full sun and moist, well-draining soil. However, they can become invasive if not properly maintained.
5. Impatiens
Bright and colorful annuals like Impatiens thrive in shaded areas, making them perfect for brightening up dark spots in your yard. These flowers prefer moist, well-drained soil and are available in a range of colors, including red, pink, purple, yellow, and coral.
6. Columbine
Columbines are elegant perennial plants that attract hummingbirds with their vibrant bell-shaped blooms. They come in various colors and grow well in partial shade. Columbines are shade-tolerant, drought-tolerant, and resistant to deer. They can be directly sown in the ground in spring or started indoors 6 to 8 weeks before the last frost.
7. Coneflower
Coneflower, also known as Echinacea, is a flowering plant in the Asteraceae family. These perennial plants feature large, colorful flowers that attract hummingbirds, bees, and butterflies. They prefer full sun and well-drained soil. Coneflowers are available in a range of colors, including white, yellow, orange, pink, red, purple, and green.
8. Penstemon
Penstemon, also known as Beardtongue, is a genus of flowering plants that includes over 250 different species. These plants are characterized by their tubular flowers and are attractive to hummingbirds and bees. Penstemons prefer full sun and lean, fast-draining soil. They come in various colors, such as blue, purple, red, orange, white, pink, and yellow.
9. Summersweet
Summersweet, scientifically known as Clethra alnifolia, is a flowering shrub native to eastern North America. This plant thrives in wetlands and edges of ponds and streams. Summersweet produces vertical spikes of fragrant white flowers and features gold foliage in autumn. It prefers full sun to partial shade and moist soil.
10. Yarrow
Yarrow, or Achillea millefolium, is a flowering plant with intense-colored flowers. Its feather-like leaves give it a unique appearance. Yarrow flowers come in clusters of white, yellow, pink, or red, attracting hummingbirds, bees, and butterflies. These plants are easy to grow, preferring full sun and well-drained soil. Yarrow is also known for its medicinal uses.
11. Butterfly Weed
Butterfly Weed, also called Pleurisy Root or Orange Milkweed, is a bushy plant with bright orange flowers that attract hummingbirds, bees, and butterflies. It prefers full sun and well-drained soil. Butterfly Weed is a perennial plant, but it takes a few years to bloom fully.
12. Hydrangea
Hydrangeas are large flowering plants that thrive in shady areas. These plants prefer moist soil and benefit from regular watering. Hydrangeas bloom from spring to fall, and their flowers add interest even in winter. They are available in various colors, including pink, red, white, blue, and green.
13. Veronica
Veronica is a genus of flowering plants that offers many varieties suitable for different garden settings. These plants attract hummingbirds, bees, and butterflies with their clusters of tiny flowers in colors like white, pink, purple, and blue. Veronica plants thrive in full sun or partial shade, and they require well-drained soil.
14. Bleeding Heart
Bleeding Heart is a perennial plant that adds charm to shady corners with its delicate flowers. These plants can tolerate full sun or partial shade but require moist soil. Bleeding Heart blooms during spring and requires little maintenance.
15. Cardinal Flower
Cardinal Flower, scientifically known as Lobelia cardinalis, features long, bright red tubular flowers that are perfect for hummingbirds with long bills. These herbaceous perennials prefer moist soil and can be grown in pots with a tray of water to maintain hydration.
16. Phlox
Phlox is a genus of flowering plants with creeping, woodland, and garden varieties. They bloom in clusters of fragrant flowers in colors like white, pink, red, purple, and blue. Phlox plants attract hummingbirds and are easy to grow, preferring full sun to part sun and moist, fertile soil.
17. Viburnum
Viburnum is a flowering plant genus with over 150 species. These plants offer a variety of nectar-rich flowers, colorful foliage, and eye-catching berries. Viburnums attract hummingbirds and butterflies, preferring full sun to partial sun and well-drained soil.
18. Columbine
Columbine, also known as Aquilegia, is an elegant perennial plant with spiky, bell-shaped blooms in vibrant colors. It grows well in partial shade and attracts hummingbirds. Columbines are drought-tolerant and deer-resistant, making them a great addition to any garden. They self-seed and can be sown directly in the ground or started indoors.
19. Morning Glory
Morning Glory is a climbing vine with trumpet-shaped flowers that open in the morning and close in the afternoon. These annual plants come in various colors, including white, pink, purple, and blue. Morning glories prefer full sun and moist, well-draining soil. They are popular among hummingbirds and can add beauty to trellises and walls.
20. Impatiens
Impatiens are bright and colorful annual flowers that thrive in shady areas. These plants are excellent for adding vibrancy to dark corners and attracting hummingbirds. They prefer moist, well-draining soil and are often grown from nursery-bought plants. Impatiens come in different colors, such as red, pink, purple, yellow, and coral.
21. Nasturtiums
Nasturtiums are trailing edible flowers that are perfect for hanging baskets. They have rich nectar and deep flowers, attracting hummingbirds. Nasturtiums are usually grown as annuals and come in trailing or bush types. They prefer full sun and well-drained soil. The flowers are available in colors like red, orange, yellow, and pink.
22. Lilac
Lilacs are fragrant shrubs known for their beautiful clusters of flowers. These plants attract hummingbirds with their delightful blooms and sweet scent. Lilacs prefer full sun and well-draining soil. They come in various colors, including shades of purple, pink, white, and blue. Lilacs are a favorite among gardeners and can add charm to any landscape.
23. Foxglove
Foxglove, also known as Digitalis, is a tall, elegant perennial plant with tubular flowers that attract hummingbirds. They prefer partial shade and well-draining soil. Foxgloves come in different colors, including purple, pink, white, and yellow. These plants can add vertical interest to your garden and create a delightful habitat for hummingbirds.
24. Salvia
Salvia is a genus of flowering plants that includes many species attractive to hummingbirds. These plants have colorful, tubular flowers and aromatic foliage. Salvia prefers full sun and well-draining soil. They come in various colors, such as red, purple, pink, and blue. Planting salvias can create a vibrant and welcoming environment for hummingbirds in your garden.
25. Bee Balm
Bee Balm, or Monarda, is a perennial plant with showy, tubular flowers that attract hummingbirds, bees, and butterflies. It prefers full sun to partial shade and moist soil. Bee Balm comes in different colors, including shades of red, pink, and purple. These plants can add a pop of color and delightful fragrance to your garden while attracting hummingbirds.
26. Lantana
Lantana is a tropical flowering plant known for its vibrant clusters of flowers. These plants are highly attractive to hummingbirds and butterflies. Lantana prefers full sun and well-draining soil. It comes in various colors, such as orange, yellow, pink, and purple. Lantanas are perfect for adding a tropical touch to your garden and creating a haven for hummingbirds.
27. Trumpet Vine
Trumpet Vine, or Campsis radicans, is a vigorous climbing vine with trumpet-shaped flowers that hummingbirds adore. It prefers full sun and well-draining soil. Trumpet vines are known for their rapid growth and ability to cover fences, arbors, and walls. They produce bright, orange-red flowers that provide a feast for hummingbirds throughout the summer.
28. Cardinal Flower
Cardinal Flower, or Lobelia cardinalis, is a herbaceous perennial with long, bright red tubular flowers designed specifically for hummingbirds. These plants bloom in late summer and prefer moist soil. Cardinal flowers can be grown in pots with a tray of water to ensure consistent moisture. Their striking red flowers are irresistible to hummingbirds.
29. Coral Bells
Coral Bells, or Heuchera, are perennial plants known for their attractive foliage and delicate flowers. They come in a variety of colors, including shades of red, purple, and green. Coral bells prefer partial shade and well-draining soil. The flowers bloom on tall stems and attract hummingbirds, adding beauty and charm to any garden.
30. Black-Eyed Susan
Black-Eyed Susan, or Rudbeckia, is a cheerful perennial flower with yellow or orange petals and a dark center. These plants are a favorite among hummingbirds and butterflies. Black-Eyed Susans prefer full sun and well-draining soil. They are low-maintenance and provide long-lasting blooms, making them a delightful addition to any hummingbird garden.
31. Hollyhock
Hollyhock is a tall, stately plant with vibrant, showy flowers that attract hummingbirds. These biennial or perennial plants prefer full sun and well-draining soil. Hollyhocks come in various colors, including pink, red, yellow, and white. They provide vertical interest and a source of nectar for hummingbirds, creating a striking display in your garden.
32. Jasmine
Jasmine is a fragrant flowering plant that can attract hummingbirds with its delicate, star-shaped blooms. These plants prefer full sun to partial shade and well-draining soil. Jasmine comes in different varieties, such as Arabian Jasmine and Carolina Jasmine, each with its unique charm. Planting jasmine can create a delightful sensory experience for hummingbirds in your garden.
33. Red Hot Poker
Red Hot Poker, or Kniphofia, is a perennial plant known for its tall spikes of vibrant, tubular flowers that hummingbirds find irresistible. They prefer full sun and well-draining soil. Red Hot Pokers come in various shades of red, orange, and yellow. These plants can add a touch of drama and provide a feast for hummingbirds in your garden.
34. Fuchsia
Fuchsia is a colorful flowering plant that produces pendulous, bell-shaped flowers in shades of red, pink, and purple. These plants are loved by hummingbirds for their nectar-rich blooms. Fuchsias prefer partial shade and moist, well-draining soil. They are often grown in hanging baskets or containers, allowing hummingbirds to easily access their delightful flowers.
35. Petunia
Petunias are popular annual flowers that come in a wide range of colors and patterns. These trumpet-shaped flowers are attractive to hummingbirds and can be a lovely addition to any garden. Petunias prefer full sun and well-draining soil. They are versatile and can be grown in garden beds, containers, or hanging baskets to create a vibrant oasis for hummingbirds.
36. Bleeding Heart
Bleeding Heart, or Dicentra spectabilis, is a perennial plant known for its heart-shaped flowers that hang delicately from arching stems. These flowers, available in shades of red, pink, and white, are a favorite of hummingbirds. Bleeding Hearts prefer partial shade and moist, well-draining soil. They can add a touch of romance and charm to any hummingbird garden.
37. Cleome
Cleome, also known as Spider Flower, is an annual flowering plant with tall stems and clusters of unique, spidery flowers. These plants bloom throughout the summer and are highly attractive to hummingbirds. Cleomes prefer full sun and well-draining soil. They come in various colors, such as pink, white, and purple, and can create a visually striking display in your garden.
38. Penstemon
Penstemon, or Beardtongue, is a perennial plant with tubular flowers that hummingbirds find irresistible. These plants prefer full sun to partial shade and well-draining soil. Penstemons come in different colors, including shades of red, pink, purple, and white. They provide a reliable source of nectar for hummingbirds and can add a splash of color to your garden.
39. Butterfly Bush
Butterfly Bush, or Buddleja, is a shrub known for its fragrant, cone-shaped flower clusters that attract not only butterflies but also hummingbirds. These plants prefer full sun and well-draining soil. Butterfly bushes come in various colors, including purple, pink, white, and yellow. Planting a butterfly bush can create a buzzing haven for hummingbirds and other pollinators.
40. Agastache
Agastache, also known as Hyssop or Hummingbird Mint, is a perennial plant that produces spikes of tubular flowers. These flowers come in shades of purple, pink, and orange and are highly attractive to hummingbirds. Agastache prefers full sun and well-draining soil. Their aromatic foliage adds another dimension to the garden, making them a popular choice for hummingbird enthusiasts.
41. Red Bee Balm
Red Bee Balm, or Monarda didyma, is a perennial plant with vibrant red flowers that hummingbirds adore. They prefer full sun to partial shade and moist soil. Red Bee Balm’s unique tubular flowers provide easy access for hummingbirds to feed on their nectar. Additionally, their aromatic leaves release a pleasant fragrance when crushed.
42. Lobelia
Lobelia is a low-growing annual or perennial plant that produces small, vibrant flowers in shades of blue, purple, red, and white. These plants are highly attractive to hummingbirds due to their nectar-rich blooms. Lobelias prefer partial shade and moist soil. They are perfect for edging, containers, or as ground cover, creating a beautiful habitat for hummingbirds.
43. Delphinium
Delphiniums are tall perennial plants with striking, spiky flower spikes in shades of blue, purple, pink, and white. These flowers, with their prominent spurs, are irresistible to hummingbirds. Delphiniums prefer full sun and well-draining soil. Their vertical growth and vibrant blooms make them a standout feature in any hummingbird-friendly garden.
44. Zinnia
Zinnias are colorful annual flowers available in a wide range of shapes, sizes, and colors, including red, orange, pink, yellow, and white. These vibrant flowers attract hummingbirds and can create a lively display in your garden. Zinnias prefer full sun and well-draining soil. They are easy to grow from seeds and provide a long-lasting source of nectar for hummingbirds.
45. Globe Mallow
Globe Mallow, or Sphaeralcea, is a drought-tolerant perennial plant that produces vibrant, globe-shaped clusters of flowers. These flowers come in shades of orange, red, pink, and yellow and are highly attractive to hummingbirds. Globe Mallows prefer full sun and well-draining soil. Their cheerful blooms can add a touch of desert charm to a hummingbird garden.
46. Scarlet Sage
Scarlet Sage, or Salvia coccinea, is an annual flowering plant with vibrant red tubular flowers that hummingbirds love. They prefer full sun to partial shade and well-draining soil. Scarlet Sage is easy to grow from seeds and can provide a profusion of nectar-rich blooms throughout the summer, making it a popular choice for hummingbird enthusiasts.
47. Four O’Clocks
Four O’Clocks, or Mirabilis jalapa, are fragrant perennial plants that bloom in late afternoon, hence their name. These plants come in various colors, including shades of pink, red, yellow, and white, and attract hummingbirds with their nectar-filled flowers. Four O’Clocks prefer full sun to partial shade and well-draining soil, and they can be grown from seeds.
48. Canterbury Bells
Canterbury Bells, or Campanula medium, are biennial plants that produce bell-shaped flowers in shades of blue, purple, pink, and white. These flowers are appealing to hummingbirds and can add a touch of charm to your garden. Canterbury Bells prefer full sun to partial shade and well-draining soil. They are a favorite among cottage garden enthusiasts.
49. Crocosmia
Crocosmia is a perennial plant with arching stems and clusters of tubular flowers that hummingbirds find enticing. These flowers come in shades of red, orange, and yellow. Crocosmia prefers full sun to partial shade and well-draining soil. They add a vibrant splash of color and provide a valuable food source for hummingbirds during the summer months.
50. Painted Lady
Painted Lady, or Salvia viridis, is an annual flower known for its striking bracts that surround its tiny flowers. These bracts come in various colors, including shades of purple, pink, and white, and attract hummingbirds with their intricate design. Painted Lady prefers full sun and well-draining soil. It can be a unique addition to a hummingbird-friendly garden.
51. Red Columbine
Red Columbine, or Aquilegia canadensis, is a perennial plant with unique red and yellow flowers that resemble hummingbird beaks. These flowers provide a perfect fit for hummingbirds’ long beaks, making them highly attractive to these pollinators. Red Columbine prefers partial shade and well-draining soil. It can add a touch of elegance and natural beauty to any garden.
52. Jacobinia
Jacobinia, or Justicia carnea, is a tropical perennial plant with tubular flowers that hummingbirds find irresistible. These flowers come in shades of pink, red, and white. Jacobinia prefers partial shade and moist, well-draining soil. It is a beautiful addition to a hummingbird garden, offering a continuous supply of nectar-filled blooms.
53. Scarlet Gilia
Scarlet Gilia, or Ipomopsis aggregata, is a native wildflower with vibrant red tubular flowers that attract hummingbirds. These flowers prefer full sun and well-draining soil. Scarlet Gilia is well-suited for rock gardens, meadows, or naturalized areas where it can provide a feast for hummingbirds and add a touch of wild beauty to the landscape.
54. Scarlet Monkeyflower
Scarlet Monkeyflower, or Mimulus cardinalis, is a perennial plant with showy red flowers that hummingbirds cannot resist. These flowers thrive in moist soil and partial shade. Scarlet Monkeyflower is often found near streams, ponds, or other water sources. It can bring a splash of color and attract hummingbirds to water features in your garden.
55. Russian Sage
Russian Sage, or Perovskia atriplicifolia, is a drought-tolerant perennial plant with aromatic silver-gray foliage and tall spikes of lavender-blue flowers. These flowers are highly attractive to hummingbirds and can add a touch of elegance to your garden. Russian Sage prefers full sun and well-draining soil. It is a low-maintenance plant that thrives in hot, dry climates.