Discover an ultimate handbook that will aid you in recognizing the diverse array of warbler species that regularly appear in Minnesota. Equipped with vivid photo identification, detailed descriptions, enchanting audio recordings of their melodic songs, and intriguing tidbits, this guide is your gateway to a world of avian wonder.
Warblers, these petite migratory songbirds, embark on arduous journeys spanning vast distances, venturing from South America all the way to the breeding grounds nestled in the far reaches of Canada. These vibrant creatures, adorned in hues of yellow and green, traverse the expanse with remarkable swiftness, serenading the air with an enchanting symphony of songs.
Revered as wood-warblers in North America, these delightful avian companions predominantly inhabit woodlands and forests, creating a harmonious union with their verdant surroundings. However, one must be wary of the infamous “warbler neck,” a discomforting ailment characterized by a stiff and tingling sensation in the neck caused by ardent gazes through binoculars, aimed at the tree canopy in pursuit of these elusive creatures.
Insects comprise the primary sustenance for warblers, but they often pay visits to backyard feeders, enticed by seeds and delectable mealworms. As a bonus, this comprehensive guide also reveals the other avian species that frequent Minnesota, granting you the opportunity to print a complimentary ID chart.
Within this invaluable compendium, you will unravel the identities of warbler types that grace Minnesota as regular inhabitants. Garnered from the meticulous observations of avid birdwatchers on ebird, this guide presents authentic information regarding the ideal periods for spotting these splendid avifauna.
Immerse yourself in the ethereal melodies of warbler songs with the assistance of this guide, delving into their diverse vocal repertoire. For a convenient introduction to the world of warbler songs, peruse the companion guide featuring 13 easily recognizable melodies.
Seasonal Presence of Warblers in Minnesota:
During the summer months, you may encounter the following warbler species in Minnesota: Common Yellowthroat, Yellow Warbler, American Redstart, Nashville Warbler, Black-and-white Warbler, Ovenbird, Chestnut-sided Warbler, Blackburnian Warbler, Black-throated Green Warbler, Golden-winged Warbler, Northern Parula, Mourning Warbler, Blue-winged Warbler, Pine Warbler, Prothonotary Warbler, Hooded Warbler, Cerulean Warbler, Louisiana Waterthrush, Yellow-breasted Chat, and Kentucky Warbler.
In the migration periods, keep an eye out for the following warblers in Minnesota: Yellow-rumped Warbler, Palm Warbler, Tennessee Warbler, Magnolia Warbler, Orange-crowned Warbler, Northern Waterthrush, Wilson’s Warbler, Blackpoll Warbler, Canada Warbler, Cape May Warbler, Bay-breasted Warbler, Connecticut Warbler, and Black-throated Blue Warbler.
A Magnitude of 33 Warbler Species to Discover in Minnesota:
1. Yellow-rumped Warbler
The Yellow-rumped Warbler predominantly spends its breeding season in northern Minnesota. However, their numbers surge during migration, commencing in April through May and then again from September to October. While they grace approximately 14% of summer checklists, their prevalence escalates to an astonishing 43% during migration.
These warblers showcase a charming combination of gray plumage with dashes of yellow adorning their faces, flanks, and rumps, while their wings exude a pristine white. The female counterparts may exhibit a slight touch of brown, whereas winter-plumaged individuals boast paler brown tones, accentuated by resplendent yellow rumps and flanks, which transform into yellow and gray as spring emerges.
Comprised of two distinct subspecies, the Myrtle Warbler, native to the eastern United States and the boreal forests of Canada, lacks a yellow throat. In contrast, Audubon’s Warbler from the western regions presents an augmented white wing pattern.
Setophaga coronata
Length: 4.7-5.5 in (12-14 cm)
Weight: 0.4-0.5 oz (12-13 g)
Wingspan: 7.5-9.1 in (19-23 cm)
Yellow-rumped Warblers predominantly breed in the expansive realms of Canada, encompassing sections of the Rockies and the Appalachian mountains. These vibrant migratory beings grace the Midwest during migration before seeking refuge in the southern and southwestern United States, the Pacific Coast, Mexico, and Central America for the winter.
Encounter the Yellow-rumped Warbler amidst coniferous forests, where they take solace, especially during the breeding season. In the winter, they opt for open areas with fruiting shrubs, adopting a diet primarily consisting of insects during summer and transitioning to a fruit-based fare during migration and winter, encompassing delicacies such as bayberry and wax myrtle.
Delight in the melodies woven by the Yellow-rumped Warbler:
Credit: Christopher McPherson, XC602699. Accessible at www.xeno-canto.org/602699.
Females construct nests within conifer trees, utilizing twigs, pine needles, and grass, ensuring a comfortable abode lined with soft grass, moss, and hair. The resulting clutch encompasses up to six eggs, requiring approximately two weeks to hatch, with an additional fortnight allocated for the fledglings to depart the nest.
To allure these captivating warblers to your backyard, entice them with a tantalizing assortment of sunflower seeds, suet, raisins, and peanut butter.
Fun Fact: Winter heralds the formation of colossal flocks of Yellow-rumped Warblers, numbering in the thousands. Their territorial nature emerges as they assert their dominance, exhibiting aggression toward any encroaching species.
2. Common Yellowthroat
During the breeding season in Minnesota, Common Yellowthroats make frequent appearances, charming observers from May to October. An impressive 27% of summer checklists submitted by dedicated birdwatchers document sightings of these delightful creatures within the state.
Common Yellowthroats, diminutive songbirds, showcase a brownish plumage on their backs, beautifully contrasted by a vibrant yellow underbelly and adorned with elongated tails. Males sport a captivating black mask stretching across their faces. The intensity of their yellow hues may exhibit geographic variations, occasionally veering toward an olive tone beneath the surface.
Geothlypis trichas
Length: 4.3-5.1 in (11-13 cm)
Weight: 0.3-0.3 oz (9-10 g)
Wingspan: 5.9-7.5 in (15-19 cm)
Embarking on a journey spanning the vast expanse of North America, except for Alaska and northern Canada, these charismatic birds choose to reside along the Gulf Coast and Pacific Southwest throughout the year. Their migratory inclinations propel them southward during winter.
Encounter Common Yellowthroats within marshy landscapes, thriving amidst wetlands and brushy fields, nestled within the dense, entangled vegetation.
Indulge in the melodious strains emitted by the Common Yellowthroat:
Credit: Paul Marvin, XC629250. Accessible at www.xeno-canto.org/629250.
Females construct nests in close proximity to the ground within marshy domains, supported by resilient reeds. Composed of grass and sedges intricately woven into a platform of
leaves and grass, the nests exhibit remarkable craftsmanship. To ensure ultimate comfort, soft grass, moss, and animal hair serve as cozy linings. This meticulous preparation culminates in a clutch comprising up to six eggs, requiring twelve days to hatch, with an additional two weeks granted for the fledglings to depart the nest.
Entice these delightful Common Yellowthroats to grace your extensive backyard by cultivating dense vegetation and embracing native plants that attract a wealth of insects.
Fun Fact: The black mask adorning the faces of male Common Yellowthroats serves as a courting signal to other males. Intriguingly, they exhibit aggression toward simulated birds equipped with masks, but remain unprovoked by those lacking this distinct feature.
3. Yellow Warbler
Venture into the heart of Minnesota, where Yellow Warblers make their presence known from late April to October. These vibrant avian companions grace approximately 24% of summer checklists, enchanting observers with their golden plumage.
Yellow Warblers, adorned in resplendent shades of bright yellow, exhibit a yellow-green back, with males boasting chestnut streaks embellishing their breasts. While females and juveniles may lack the vibrancy of their male counterparts, they still exude a captivating allure, albeit with a more subdued appearance bereft of streaks.
Setophaga petechia
Length: 4.7-5.1 in (12-13 cm)
Weight: 0.3-0.4 oz (9-11 g)
Wingspan: 6.3-7.9 in (16-20 cm)
Engaging in an extraordinary migration spanning vast distances, these resilient beings traverse from Central and South America, ultimately settling in Canada and the United States, excluding southeastern states. During their migratory sojourn, glimpses of Yellow Warblers may be savored in southeastern US states.
Discover Yellow Warblers along the banks of streams and in wetland habitats, where they thrive amidst thickets and at the fringes of fields, diligently foraging for an assortment of insects, including caterpillars, midges, beetles, bugs, and wasps.
Delight in the melodious strains composed by the Yellow Warbler:
Credit: Richard E. Webster, XC662546. Accessible at www.xeno-canto.org/662546.
Witness the artistic prowess displayed by female Yellow Warblers as they construct nests within small trees or shrubs, intricately weaving together bark, grass, and plant materials, secured with the aid of spider webs. This meticulous craftsmanship culminates in a cup-shaped structure, lined with softer materials such as hair, feathers, and plant down.
Each clutch comprises up to seven eggs, requiring approximately twelve days for hatching, followed by an additional ten days before the fledglings venture forth from the nest.
Entice Yellow Warblers to frequent your backyard oasis through the provision of suet, oranges, peanut butter, and an array of berry-bearing plants. Cultivating native plants that attract insects, eschewing pesticides and excessive tidiness, enhances their attraction. Additionally, the presence of birdbaths equipped with fountains, nestled amidst secluded plantings, offers a safe haven.
Fun Fact: Yellow Warblers face the perplexing predicament of having their nests invaded by cowbirds. In response, these resourceful warblers construct new nests atop the existing ones, repeating this process up to six times.
4. American Redstart
Enchanting observers with their vibrant presence, American Redstarts grace Minnesota throughout the breeding season, unveiling their splendor from May to October. Approximately 19% of summer checklists bear witness to their captivating allure.
Dressed predominantly in shades of black, these charismatic warblers exhibit bright orange patches that adorn their plumage, accompanied by a contrasting white underbelly. Females sport olive-gray hues in lieu of the striking black of their male counterparts, accentuated by alluring yellow patches.
Setophaga ruticilla
Length: 4.3-5.1 in (11-13 cm)
Weight: 0.2-0.3 oz (6-9 g)
Wingspan: 6.3-7.5 in (16-19 cm)
Embarking on a remarkable journey encompassing eastern US states, Canada, and the northwestern reaches of the United States, American Redstarts proudly proclaim their presence. During migration, glimpses of these captivating creatures may be savored in central and western US states.
Discover American Redstarts gracing deciduous woodlands, where they engage in relentless pursuits of insects. Additionally, they may venture into backyards and thickets, partaking in delectable berries such as serviceberry and magnolia.
Revel in the melodious symphony woven by the American Redstart:
Credit: Nick Kiehl, XC522368. Accessible at www.xeno-canto.org/522368.
Witness the meticulous nest-building endeavors undertaken by female American Redstarts. Proximity to the trunk of trees or large shrubs serves as their preferred location, wherein they construct nests composed of bark, grass, and various plant materials. Clutches of up to five eggs are laid, requiring just under two weeks for hatching, followed by an additional week or two for the fledglings to embark on their maiden flights.
Entice the presence of American Redstarts within your backyard haven through the provision of berry-producing plants such as magnolia and serviceberry.
Fun Fact: American Redstart parents exhibit a discerning approach to feeding their offspring, selectively attending to certain chicks rather than indiscriminately catering to the entire brood.
5. Nashville Warbler
Embark on a captivating journey through the realms of Minnesota, where Nashville Warblers grace the landscape during the summer months, commencing their enchanting presence from late April until November. However, their prominence reaches its zenith during the fall migration, evoking a sense of wonder in 18% of checklists during this time.
Nashville Warblers, predominantly draped in hues of yellow, reveal a verdant back, accompanied by a gray head adorned with a delicate white eye-ring. While females and juveniles may lack the vibrancy of their male counterparts, their allure persists, characterized by white bellies nestled amidst their yellow breasts and beneath their tails.
Leiothlypis ruficapilla
Length: 4.3-5.1 in (11-13 cm)
Weight: 0.2-0.5 oz (6.7-13.9 g)
Wingspan: 6.7-7.9 in (17-20 cm)
Originating from northeastern US states and Canada, Nashville Warblers traverse vast distances during migration, unveiling their splendor across a multitude of US states.
Explore the scrubby habitats and low deciduous forests where Nashville Warblers thrive, diligently foraging for insects amidst their chosen habitats.
Indulge in the melodic compositions woven by the Nashville Warbler:
Credit: Peter Ward and Ken Hall, XC512262. Accessible at www.xeno-canto.org/512262.
Engaging in meticulous nest-building endeavors, Nashville Warblers conceal their creations in close proximity to the ground, utilizing bark, moss, and grass meticulously woven into a cup-shaped structure. Soft grass, pine needles, and animal hair culminate in an exquisite lining. Each clutch comprises approximately five eggs, requiring twelve days for hatching, followed by an additional ten days for the fledglings to embark on their maiden flights.
Entice Nashville Warblers to grace your backyard oasis during the winter months in southern US states, offering tantalizing suet as an alluring treat.
Fun Fact: During their inaugural migration, Nashville Warblers prefer the Atlantic Coast route. Subsequently, their subsequent migratory journeys veer inland, steering clear of the coastlines.
6. Black-and-white Warbler
While the breeding season beckons Black-and-white Warblers to Minnesota, their numbers surge during migration, gracing the landscape in 9% of summer checklists and up to 21% of checklists during these migratory periods.
Distinguished by their striking striped appearance, Black-and-white Warblers captivate the observer’s gaze. Males showcase a prominent black patch encompassing the eye and cheek, exuding a darker hue compared to their female counterparts.
Mniotilta varia
Length: 4.3-5.1 in (11-13 cm)
Weight: 0.3-0.5 oz (8-15 g)
Wingspan: 7.1-8.7 in (18-22 cm)
Embarking on their breeding endeavors within the eastern United States and Canada, Black-and-white Warblers embark on extensive migrations that encompass Florida, the Gulf Coast, Mexico, Baja California, the Caribbean, and the northern reaches of South America. During migration, they grace central US states with their presence.
Encounter the nimble Black-and-white Warblers as they traverse tree trunks and branches in forests, engaged in fervent pursuit of insects.
Delight in the melodious strains composed by the Black-and-white Warbler:
Credit: Christopher McPherson, XC600300. Accessible at www.xeno-canto.org/600300.
Discover the hidden enclaves wherein Black-and-white Warblers establish their nests, often concealed near or on the ground, sheltered beneath logs or shrubs. Bark, grass, and pine needles intertwine to form a meticulously crafted cup-shaped structure. Clutches consisting of approximately five eggs grace these nests, requiring an incubation period of eleven days, followed by an additional ten days for the fledglings to depart.
7. Ovenbird
Amidst the enchanting realms of Minnesota, Ovenbirds unveil their presence during the breeding season, captivating observers from April through October. These captivating warblers embark on their migratory journeys come October.
Ovenbirds, donned in modest olive-green plumage, emanate an aura of simplicity when compared to their warbler counterparts. The characteristic black-and-white spots adorn their undersides, instilling a touch of elegance.
Seiurus aurocapilla
Length: 4.3-5.5 in (11-14 cm)
Weight: 0.6-1.0 oz (16-28 g)
Wingspan: 7.5-10.2 in (19-26 cm)
Thriving within the northeastern US states, Canada, the Midwest, and the reaches of northwest Canada, Ovenbirds leave an indelible mark during their migratory journeys across eastern US states. Winter beckons them to seek solace in the realms of Florida, Mexico, Central America, the northern regions of South America, and the Caribbean.
Witness the mesmerizing sight of Ovenbirds rummaging through the leaf litter on the forest floor, diligently seeking out insects amidst the dense foliage.
Indulge in the melodic symphony woven by the Ovenbird:
Credit: Christopher McPherson, XC602036. Accessible at www.xeno-canto.org/602036.
Witness the remarkable domed nests constructed by female Ovenbirds, crafted from leaves, grass, bark, and other plant materials. These intricate structures feature side entrances and cozy linings comprising animal hair. Clutches of up to five eggs grace these abodes, requiring a period of two weeks for hatching, followed by an additional week or two for the fledglings to venture forth.
Fun Fact: Ovenbirds derive their name from the distinct shape of their nests, reminiscent of a Dutch oven.
8. Palm Warbler
Embark on a captivating journey through the migratory paths of Palm Warblers as they grace Minnesota during their epic migrations. These delightful warblers captivate the landscape primarily from April to June and August to October. Notably, their presence reaches its pinnacle during the spring migration in May, manifesting in 24% of checklists.
Palm Warblers, adorned with a rusty red patch atop their heads, boast a lustrous browny-olive body. While breeding occurs in Canada, they are encountered along the eastern states during migration and reside year-round along the southern coast and Florida.
Setophaga palmarum
Length: 4.7-5.5 in (12-14 cm)
Weight: 0.3-0.5 oz (7-13 g)
Wingspan: 7.9-8.3 in (20-21 cm)
Predominantly breeding in the majestic landscapes of Canada, Palm Warblers make their presence known during migration across eastern US states. Some find solace in the warm embrace of Florida and the southeastern coast during the winter months.
Spot Palm Warblers as they traverse weedy fields, forest edges, and scrubby areas during their momentous migratory journeys. Often found foraging alongside other avian companions such as Sparrows, Juncos, and Yellow-rumped Warblers, they indulge in insects while scouring the ground.
Delight in the harmonious melodies composed by Palm Warblers:
Credit: Richard E. Webster, XC189604. Accessible at www.xeno-canto.org/189604.
Discover the humble nests of Palm Warblers, nestled within bogs and boreal forests, strategically positioned on the ground. Composed of grass, sedge, and ferns intricately woven into a cup shape, these nests boast a lining of soft grass, feathers, and animal hair. Each clutch consists of approximately five eggs.
Entice Palm Warblers to grace your backyard oasis by cultivating native plants that entice insects. Additionally, the presence of bayberry or hawthorn plants, with their delectable berries, proves irresistible to these charming warblers.
Fun Fact: Palm Warblers stand apart from their warbler brethren, often preferring to walk on the ground, playfully bobbing their tails as they seek out insects.
9. Chestnut-sided Warbler
Journey through the breathtaking landscapes of Minnesota, where Chestnut-sided Warblers delight observers from May to October, capturing hearts with their enchanting presence. Approximately 9% of summer checklists bear witness to their captivating allure.
Males of the Chestnut-sided Warbler breed sport vibrant yellow crowns and black masks, accompanied by gray underbellies adorned with chestnut streaks along the sides. As winter descends, males transition into green and white plumage, resembling the appearance of breeding females.
Females, paler in comparison to their male counterparts, lack the black facial markings. While they retain the chestnut streaks and yellow crowns during the breeding season, winter transforms their appearance, leaving them bereft of chestnut accents, but with a brighter crown. Juveniles mirror the winter females in appearance.
Setophaga pensylvanica
Length: 4.7-5.5 in (12-14 cm)
Weight: 0.4-0.5 oz (10.7-14.3 g)
Wingspan: 7.5-8.3 in (19-21 cm)
Embarking on their breeding endeavors within northeastern US states and southeastern Canada, Chestnut-sided Warblers enchant observers during migration across eastern US states.
Unveil the hidden enclaves where Chestnut-sided Warblers frolic, perched upon forest edges and amidst thickets, diligently foraging for insects. These spirited warblers demonstrate a preference for forests that have undergone rejuvenation following fires, logging activities, or floods.
Delight in the melodious symphony woven by the Chestnut-sided Warbler:
Credit: Christopher McPherson, XC600739. Accessible at www.xeno-canto.org/600739.
Marvel at the meticulous nest-building endeavors undertaken by female Chestnut-sided Warblers. These nests, nestled within trees and shrubs, emerge from the seamless integration of grass, weeds, and bark, forming delicate cup-shaped structures lined with softer materials. Clutches consisting of up to five eggs grace these abodes, requiring a twelve-day incubation period, followed by an additional eleven days for the fledglings to embark on their maiden flights.
Fun Fact: Chestnut-sided Warblers possess a distinct affinity for forests undergoing regeneration. Once a forest has undergone restoration for approximately ten years, they seek out alternative breeding grounds.
10. Tennessee Warbler
Embark on a journey through the captivating landscapes of Minnesota, where the Tennessee Warbler graces the region during its migratory travels. While it is typically spotted during migration, a few individuals also choose to spend the breeding season in the northeastern part of the state. The Tennessee Warbler leaves a mark on 20% of checklists during the spring migration and 13% during the fall migration.
Dressed in subtle elegance, male Tennessee Warblers don gray heads, complemented by vibrant green backs and whitish underparts. Females, on the other hand, exhibit a greener hue with a yellow underside and green head. A distinguishing white eyestripe sets the males apart, while the females boast a yellow eyestripe. These delightful warblers showcase a pristine white color beneath their tails.
Leiothlypis peregrina
Length: 3.9-5.1 in (10-13 cm)
Weight: 0.3-0.3 oz (8-10 g)
Wingspan: 7.5-7.9 in (19-20 cm)
Tennessee Warblers embark on arduous journeys, traversing vast distances from Central America to Canada. During migration, their presence graces a multitude of eastern US states.
Discover the Tennessee Warbler amidst their foraging endeavors, predominantly feasting on caterpillars found on trees and shrubs within woodlands.
Indulge in the melodious strains composed by the Tennessee Warbler:
Credit: Christopher McPherson, XC444969. Accessible at www.xeno-canto.org/444969.
Witness the intricate nest-building skills of Tennessee Warblers as they construct their abodes within moss or nestled amidst tree roots. These delicate structures are expertly woven using grass, weeds, and other plant materials. Clutches of approximately six eggs rest within these nests, requiring around twelve days for hatching, followed by another ten days for the fledglings to venture forth.
Fun Fact: Despite its name, the Tennessee Warbler does not breed or spend significant time within the state of Tennessee. It earned its name from being initially observed there and has retained it ever since.
11. Black-throated Green Warbler
Within the enchanting realm of Minnesota, the Black-throated Green Warbler makes its presence known. Although it spends its breeding season primarily in the northern reaches of the state, it can also be spotted during migration. This captivating warbler appears in approximately 7% of summer checklists.
Adorned in vibrant hues, male Black-throated Green Warblers showcase a brilliant yellow face and underparts, contrasting with a striking black throat and back. Females exhibit a more subdued plumage, featuring olive-green tones with yellow highlights.
Setophaga virens
Length: 4.7-5.1 in (12-13 cm)
Weight: 0.3-0.4 oz (8-11 g)
Wingspan: 7.5-8.3 in (19-21 cm)
Black-throated Green Warblers breed across northeastern US states and into Canada. They embark on remarkable migratory journeys, gracing central and eastern US states during their travels.
Discover these magnificent warblers within their preferred habitats of coniferous and mixed forests, where they actively forage for insects amidst the branches.
Immerse yourself in the melodious song of the Black-throated Green Warbler:
Credit: John Feith, XC525123. Accessible at www.xeno-canto.org/525123.
Witness the nesting prowess of Black-throated Green Warblers as they construct their homes on the branches of trees, using materials such as bark strips, grass, moss, and spiderwebs. Their nests are lined with feathers, hair, and fine plant fibers. Clutches typically consist of four to five eggs, requiring approximately 12 days for incubation and an additional 9 to 11 days for the young to fledge.
12. Golden-winged Warbler
Minnesota provides a precious haven for the Golden-winged Warbler, which graces the region during the breeding season. This charismatic warbler appears in approximately 4% of summer checklists.
Male Golden-winged Warblers exhibit stunning plumage, with a slate-gray head, back, and wings, complemented by a vibrant yellow crown and wing patch. Females, while more subtly colored, still possess a captivating beauty, featuring olive-gray tones with yellow highlights.
Vermivora chrysoptera
Length: 4.3-4.7 in (11-12 cm)
Weight: 0.3-0.4 oz (8-11 g)
Wingspan: 7.5-8.3 in (19-21 cm)
Golden-winged Warblers engage in their breeding endeavors within the northern reaches of Minnesota, nestled among the diverse habitats of the state.
Encounter these enchanting warblers within brushy areas, early successional forests, and shrubby wetlands as they actively search for insects and spiders.
Delight in the unique song of the Golden-winged Warbler:
Credit: Thomas Magarian, XC525383. Accessible at www.xeno-canto.org/525383.
Explore the intricate nests of Golden-winged Warblers, typically situated near the ground within shrubs or young trees. These nests are skillfully crafted from grasses, leaves, and bark strips, lined with fine rootlets and hair. Clutches of three to six eggs are carefully incubated for approximately 11 to 12 days, followed by an additional 8 to 10 days before the fledglings take flight.
13. Northern Parula
As the seasons transition within Minnesota, the Northern Parula graces the region during its breeding season. This captivating warbler can be observed in approximately 6% of summer checklists.
Dressed in resplendent hues, male Northern Par
ulas feature a bluish-gray back and wings, adorned with a striking yellow throat and breast. Their plumage showcases intricate patterns, including a black and orange band across the chest. Females exhibit similar patterns but with more subdued colors.
Setophaga americana
Length: 4.3-4.7 in (11-12 cm)
Weight: 0.2-0.3 oz (6-9 g)
Wingspan: 6.7-7.9 in (17-20 cm)
Northern Parulas embark on their breeding endeavors within the vast landscapes of Minnesota, creating a mesmerizing spectacle for nature enthusiasts.
Discover these delightful warblers within a variety of habitats, including mixed forests, deciduous woodlands, and swampy areas. They are known for their agile foraging techniques as they glean insects from foliage.
Indulge in the harmonious melodies composed by the Northern Parula:
Credit: Andrew Spencer, XC606231. Accessible at www.xeno-canto.org/606231.
Unveil the hidden nests of Northern Parulas, delicately situated within tree branches. Constructed from moss, bark, grass, and spiderwebs, these nests offer a cozy haven for the incubation of four to five eggs. The incubation period lasts approximately 12 to 14 days, followed by an additional 10 to 12 days before the young venture forth.
14. Mourning Warbler
Within the verdant landscapes of Minnesota, the Mourning Warbler unveils its presence during the breeding season. This alluring warbler graces the region from late May to September and can be observed in approximately 3% of summer checklists.
Mourning Warblers possess a captivating plumage, with males showcasing a gray head, back, and wings, contrasting with a vibrant yellow throat and underparts. Females exhibit a more subtle appearance, featuring olive-green tones with yellow highlights.
Geothlypis philadelphia
Length: 4.3-5.1 in (11-13 cm)
Weight: 0.3-0.4 oz (8-11 g)
Wingspan: 7.5-8.7 in (19-22 cm)
Witness the breeding endeavors of Mourning Warblers as they establish their presence within the northeastern reaches of Minnesota, embellishing the region with their charming presence.
Encounter these captivating warblers amidst their preferred habitats of dense undergrowth, shrubby thickets, and wet areas, where they diligently forage for insects.
Marvel at the enchanting song of the Mourning Warbler:
Credit: Paul Marvin, XC636704. Accessible at www.xeno-canto.org/636704.
Explore the hidden nests of Mourning Warblers, nestled within the vegetation near the ground. These delicate structures are intricately woven from grasses, twigs, leaves, and rootlets, providing a secure sanctuary for the incubation of four to five eggs. The incubation period spans approximately 11 to 13 days, followed by an additional 8 to 10 days before the fledglings embark on their maiden flights.
15. Blue-winged Warbler
Delve into the captivating realm of Minnesota, where the Blue-winged Warbler enchants observers during its breeding season. This mesmerizing warbler can be observed in approximately 2% of summer checklists.
The male Blue-winged Warbler dons a stunning combination of vibrant blue wings and a yellow throat, breast, and belly, complemented by olive-gray tones on its back. Females exhibit a more subdued appearance, featuring olive-brown tones with pale yellow underparts.
Vermivora cyanoptera
Length: 4.3-4.7 in (11-12 cm)
Weight: 0.3-0.4 oz (8-11 g)
Wingspan: 7.5-8.3 in (19-21 cm)
Witness the breeding endeavors of Blue-winged Warblers as they establish their presence within the varied landscapes of Minnesota, adding a touch of elegance to the region.
Encounter these delightful warblers within early successional habitats, shrubby areas, and wetlands, where they actively forage for insects and spiders.
Delight in the melodic serenade of the Blue-winged Warbler:
Credit: Richard E. Webster, XC525449. Accessible at www.xeno-canto.org/525449.
Explore the intricacies of Blue-winged Warbler nests, nestled within the vegetation near the ground. These nests are skillfully crafted from leaves, grass, bark strips, and plant fibers, creating a secure abode for the incubation of three to seven eggs. The incubation period lasts approximately 11 to 12 days, followed by an additional 8 to 9 days before the fledglings take flight.
16. Pine Warbler
Amidst the lush forests of Minnesota, the Pine Warbler reveals its presence during the breeding season. This delightful warbler can be spotted in approximately 3% of summer checklists.
Pine Warblers exhibit a charming plumage, with males boasting a bright yellow overall coloration, complemented by olive-green tones on their back and wings. Females showcase similar hues, albeit in a more subtle fashion.
Setophaga pinus
Length: 4.7-5.5 in (12-14 cm)
Weight: 0.3-0.4 oz (9-11 g)
Wingspan: 7.9-9.1 in (20-23 cm)
Embrace the presence of Pine Warblers as they grace the forests of Minnesota, infusing the air with their sweet melodies.
Discover these captivating warblers amidst their favored habitats, including pine forests, mixed woodlands, and open areas with scattered trees, where they actively forage for insects, especially caterpillars.
Indulge in the melodic serenade of the Pine Warbler:
Credit: Andrew Spencer, XC518707. Accessible at www.xeno-canto.org/518707.
Unveil the hidden nests of Pine Warblers, usually situated within coniferous trees, where the female constructs a cup-shaped structure using materials such as grass, bark, and pine needles. These nests are delicately lined with softer materials like feathers and plant down. Clutches of three to five eggs are incubated for approximately 10 to 12 days, followed by an additional 9 to 10 days before the fledglings embark on their independent journeys.
17. Prothonotary Warbler
Within the enchanting wetlands of Minnesota, the Prothonotary Warbler graces the region during its breeding season. This striking warbler appears in approximately 1% of summer checklists.
Prothonotary Warblers captivate with their vibrant plumage, exhibiting a brilliant yellow coloration overall, complemented by a striking blue-gray back and wings. Their appearance is truly a sight to behold.
Protonotaria citrea
Length: 4.3-5.1 in (11-13 cm)
Weight: 0.4-0.5 oz (12-14 g)
Wingspan: 7.5-8.7 in (19-22 cm)
Immerse yourself in the presence of Prothonotary Warblers as they add a splash of color to the wetlands and swampy areas of Minnesota.
Discover these captivating warblers amidst their preferred habitats, such as flooded woodlands, bottomland forests, and swampy areas with standing water. They actively search for insects, spiders, and other small invertebrates.
Delight in the melodious song of the Prothonotary Warbler:
Credit: Jarek Matusiak, XC382861. Accessible at www.xeno-canto.org/382861.
Unveil the intricacies of Prothonotary Warbler nests, ingeniously situated within tree cavities or nest boxes. These nests are skillfully constructed using materials like bark strips, grass, and leaves, providing a safe haven for the incubation of four to seven eggs. The incubation period lasts approximately 12 to 14 days, followed by an additional 10 to 12 days before the young venture forth.
18. Hooded Warbler
Amidst the diverse woodlands of Minnesota, the Hooded Warbler emerges during the breeding season, leaving its mark on the region. This striking warbler can be observed in approximately 1% of summer checklists.
Hooded Warblers captivate with their distinctive plumage. Males showcase a vibrant
yellow face and underparts, contrasted by a bold black hood extending to the chest. Females exhibit a more subtle appearance, featuring olive-green tones with a yellowish hue.
Setophaga citrina
Length: 4.3-5.1 in (11-13 cm)
Weight: 0.3-0.4 oz (8-11 g)
Wingspan: 6.7-7.5 in (17-19 cm)
Immerse yourself in the presence of Hooded Warblers as they grace the woodlands of Minnesota, adding a touch of mystery to the natural landscape.
Encounter these enchanting warblers within dense undergrowth, shrubby areas, and damp forests, where they actively forage for insects, spiders, and small invertebrates.
Indulge in the captivating song of the Hooded Warbler:
Credit: Paul Marvin, XC616603. Accessible at www.xeno-canto.org/616603.
Unveil the hidden nests of Hooded Warblers, nestled amidst shrubs and leaf litter. These nests are intricately woven from grasses, leaves, and fine plant fibers, providing a secure haven for the incubation of three to five eggs. The incubation period spans approximately 12 to 13 days, followed by an additional 9 to 11 days before the fledglings embark on their independent journeys.
19. Cerulean Warbler
Within the awe-inspiring forests of Minnesota, the Cerulean Warbler makes its presence known during the breeding season. This captivating warbler can be spotted in approximately 1% of summer checklists.
Cerulean Warblers enchant with their striking plumage, featuring sky-blue upperparts and a vibrant white underbelly. Males exhibit a bold black necklace across their chest, adding to their allure.
Setophaga cerulea
Length: 4.3-4.7 in (11-12 cm)
Weight: 0.3-0.4 oz (8-11 g)
Wingspan: 7.1-7.9 in (18-20 cm)
Embrace the presence of Cerulean Warblers as they grace the forest canopies of Minnesota, imbuing the air with their melodious tunes.
Discover these captivating warblers within mature deciduous forests, near streams, and in wooded areas with a diverse tree canopy. They actively forage for insects, often seen catching prey on the wing.
Marvel at the enchanting song of the Cerulean Warbler:
Credit: Tom Johnson, XC594190. Accessible at www.xeno-canto.org/594190.
Explore the intricacies of Cerulean Warbler nests, ingeniously situated within the upper branches of trees. These nests are skillfully constructed from materials like bark strips, grasses, and spider silk, providing a secure abode for the incubation of three to four eggs. The incubation period lasts approximately 11 to 14 days, followed by an additional 9 to 12 days before the fledglings take flight.
20. Louisiana Waterthrush
Within the tranquil streams and wetlands of Minnesota, the Louisiana Waterthrush graces the region during the breeding season. This charismatic warbler can be observed in approximately 1% of summer checklists.
The Louisiana Waterthrush boasts a distinctive appearance, with a prominent white eyebrow stripe and a vibrant buff-colored breast, contrasted by an olive-brown back. Its slender, downward-curving bill adds to its unique charm.
Parkesia motacilla
Length: 5.5-6.3 in (14-16 cm)
Weight: 0.5-0.6 oz (14-17 g)
Wingspan: 8.7-9.8 in (22-25 cm)
Immerse yourself in the presence of the Louisiana Waterthrush as it frequents the streams, rivers, and wetlands of Minnesota, adding a touch of elegance to the water’s edge.
Encounter this enchanting warbler near fast-flowing streams, where it forages for aquatic insects, small crustaceans, and other invertebrates.
Delight in the melodious song of the Louisiana Waterthrush:
Credit: Jeremy Schwartz, XC512643. Accessible at www.xeno-canto.org/512643.
Unveil the intricacies of Louisiana Waterthrush nests, skillfully situated near streams or damp areas. These nests are carefully constructed from grasses, leaves, and rootlets, positioned on a slight bank or cavity, providing a safe haven for the incubation of three to six eggs. The incubation period spans approximately 12 to 14 days, followed by an additional 8 to 10 days before the fledglings venture forth.
21. Yellow-breasted Chat
Amidst the diverse habitats of Minnesota, the Yellow-breasted Chat reveals its presence during the breeding season. This charismatic warbler can be spotted in approximately 1% of summer checklists.
The Yellow-breasted Chat captivates with its unique appearance, featuring a vibrant yellow breast and belly, complemented by olive-green upperparts and a distinctive white eyering. Its large size sets it apart from other warblers, making it a fascinating species to observe.
Icteria virens
Length: 6.3-7.5 in (16-19 cm)
Weight: 0.9-1.1 oz (25-31 g)
Wingspan: 7.9-10.2 in (20-26 cm)
Immerse yourself in the presence of the Yellow-breasted Chat as it adorns the shrubby areas, thickets, and edge habitats of Minnesota, infusing the air with its unique vocalizations.
Encounter this captivating warbler amidst dense vegetation, where it actively forages for insects, spiders, and fruits.
Indulge in the melodious and diverse song of the Yellow-breasted Chat:
Credit: Michael Fialkovich, XC482299. Accessible at www.xeno-canto.org/482299.
Unveil the intricacies of Yellow-breasted Chat nests, ingeniously hidden within dense shrubs or tangled vegetation. These nests are skillfully constructed from grasses, leaves, and other plant materials, providing a secure abode for the incubation of three to five eggs. The incubation period lasts approximately 11 to 13 days, followed by an additional 8 to 10 days before the fledglings embark on their independent journeys.
22. Kentucky Warbler
Within the verdant woodlands of Minnesota, the Kentucky Warbler unveils its presence during the breeding season. This captivating warbler can be observed in approximately 1% of summer checklists.
The Kentucky Warbler exhibits a distinct appearance, featuring a rich yellow underbelly and a striking black mask extending from the eyes to the sides of the neck. Its olive-green upperparts further enhance its visual allure.
Geothlypis formosa
Length: 5.1-5.9 in (13-15 cm)
Weight: 0.5-0.7 oz (14-20 g)
Wingspan: 7.5-9.1 in (19-23 cm)
Embrace the presence of the Kentucky Warbler as it graces the understory of Minnesota’s woodlands, adding a touch of vibrancy to the shaded realms.
Discover this captivating warbler amidst dense undergrowth, thickets, and wooded areas, where it actively forages for insects and spiders.
Delight in the melodious song of the Kentucky Warbler:
Credit: Chris Parrish, XC383042. Accessible at www.xeno-canto.org/383042.
Unveil the intricacies of Kentucky Warbler nests, ingeniously hidden amidst leaf litter and tangled vegetation. These nests are skillfully woven from grasses, leaves, and other plant materials, providing a secure haven for the incubation of three to six eggs. The incubation period spans approximately 12 to 14 days, followed by an additional 8 to 10 days before the fledglings embark on their independent journeys.
23. Yellow-rumped Warbler
Within the diverse landscapes of Minnesota, the Yellow-rumped Warbler reveals its presence during both the breeding season and migration. This charismatic warbler can be spotted in approximately 14% of summer checklists and up to 43% of checklists during migration.
The Yellow-rumped Warbler captivates with its striking appearance, featuring a gray body adorned with flashes of yellow on the face, sides, and rump. Its wings exhibit patches of white, adding to its visual allure.
Setophaga coronata
Length: 4.7-5.5 in (12-14 cm)
Weight: 0.4-0.5 oz (12-13 g)
Wingspan: 7.5-9.1 in (19-23 cm)
Immerse yourself in the presence of the Yellow-rumped Warbler as it graces the varied habitats of Minnesota, infusing the air with its cheerful songs.
Encounter this delightful warbler amidst coniferous forests during the breeding season and in open areas with fruiting shrubs during the winter. Its diet primarily consists of insects during the summer and fruits during migration and winter.
Indulge in the melodious song of the Yellow-rumped Warbler:
Credit: Christopher McPherson, XC602699. Accessible at www.xeno-canto.org/602699.
Unveil the intricacies of Yellow-rumped Warbler nests, carefully constructed by females within conifer trees. These nests are crafted from twigs, pine needles, and grass, lined with soft grass, moss, and hair. The incubation period lasts approximately two weeks, and the young spend an additional two weeks in the nest before venturing forth.
Attract Yellow-rumped Warblers to your backyard with a selection of sunflower seeds, suet, raisins, and peanut butter.
Fun Fact: Yellow-rumped Warblers are known to form flocks numbering in the thousands during the winter, and they can display aggression towards other species that encroach upon their feeding grounds.
24. Palm Warbler
As the seasons transition in Minnesota, the Palm Warbler graces the region during migration. This charming warbler can be observed mainly from April to June and August to October, with its highest occurrence during the spring migration, accounting for approximately 24% of checklists during this time.
The Palm Warbler features a distinctive appearance, showcasing a rusty red patch atop its head and a warm browny-olive coloration throughout its body. Its plumage stands out as it flits through the foliage.
Setophaga palmarum
Length: 4.7-5.5 in (12-14 cm)
Weight: 0.3-0.5 oz (7-13 g)
Wingspan: 7.9-8.3 in (20-21 cm)
Embrace the presence of the Palm Warbler as it journeys through the varied habitats of Minnesota, infusing the air with its energetic movements and occasional trills.
Spot this delightful warbler primarily during the spring and fall migrations in weedy fields, forest edges, and scrubby
areas. During migration, they actively forage on the ground, flicking their tails while searching for insects and seeds.
Delight in the melodious calls of the Palm Warbler:
Credit: Andrew Spencer, XC499134. Accessible at www.xeno-canto.org/499134.
During the breeding season, Palm Warblers nest in the boreal forests of Canada, constructing cup-shaped nests made of grasses, moss, and other plant materials. The female lays a clutch of four to five eggs, which are incubated for about 12 days. The young leave the nest after about 10 days.
25. Prairie Warbler
While not as common as some other warbler species in Minnesota, the Prairie Warbler makes occasional appearances during migration. This vibrant warbler can be observed in approximately 1% of checklists during the spring and fall migrations.
The Prairie Warbler captivates with its bright yellow plumage, accentuated by bold black streaks on its sides and across its chest. Its eye-catching appearance adds a splash of color to the natural landscape.
Setophaga discolor
Length: 4.3-5.1 in (11-13 cm)
Weight: 0.3-0.4 oz (8-11 g)
Wingspan: 7.1-7.5 in (18-19 cm)
Spot the Prairie Warbler as it passes through the varied habitats of Minnesota during migration, delighting observers with its vibrant colors and melodic song.
Encounter this charming warbler in shrubby areas, old fields, and woodland edges, where it actively forages for insects and spiders.
Indulge in the melodious song of the Prairie Warbler:
Credit: Joseph Dougherty, XC482027. Accessible at www.xeno-canto.org/482027.
During the breeding season, Prairie Warblers establish their territories in shrubby habitats, primarily in the eastern United States. Females construct cup-shaped nests made of grasses, bark strips, and plant fibers, which are positioned close to the ground. The female lays a clutch of four to six eggs, which are incubated for about 11 to 12 days. The young fledge after approximately 9 to 10 days.
26. Connecticut Warbler
Within the enchanting forests of Minnesota, the Connecticut Warbler reveals its presence during migration. This elusive warbler can be observed in approximately 1% of checklists during the spring and fall migrations.
The Connecticut Warbler showcases a unique appearance, featuring a grayish-blue head and upperparts, complemented by a yellow throat and breast. Its overall plumage, combined with its elusive nature, makes it a sought-after species among birdwatchers.
Oporornis agilis
Length: 5.1-5.9 in (13-15 cm)
Weight: 0.5-0.6 oz (14-17 g)
Wingspan: 8.3-9.8 in (21-25 cm)
Embrace the presence of the Connecticut Warbler as it journeys through the forests of Minnesota, adding a touch of mystery to the natural landscape.
Spot this elusive warbler primarily during the spring and fall migrations in dense thickets, moist woodlands, and shrubby areas near water. Despite its secretive behavior, its distinctive song can often give away its presence.
Delight in the melodious song of the Connecticut Warbler:
Credit: Andrew Spencer, XC518707. Accessible at www.xeno-canto.org/518707.
During the breeding season, Connecticut Warblers nest in the boreal forests of Canada. The female constructs a cup-shaped nest made of leaves, grasses, and moss, often positioned on or near the ground. The female lays a clutch of
four to six eggs, which are incubated for about 12 to 14 days. The young leave the nest after about 10 to 12 days.
27. Golden-winged Warbler
The Golden-winged Warbler graces the diverse habitats of Minnesota during the breeding season. However, this species has experienced a significant decline in recent years and is now considered a rare sight. Its occurrence in checklists is limited, with less than 1% of observations.
The Golden-winged Warbler exhibits a distinctive appearance, featuring a bright yellow head and underparts, contrasting with grayish-blue wings highlighted by a golden patch. Its striking colors and unique facial pattern make it a memorable warbler to encounter.
Vermivora chrysoptera
Length: 4.3-4.7 in (11-12 cm)
Weight: 0.3-0.4 oz (8-11 g)
Wingspan: 7.5-8.3 in (19-21 cm)
Spot the Golden-winged Warbler as it graces the shrubby areas, young forests, and regenerating clearcuts of Minnesota, bringing its beauty and song to the natural landscape.
Encounter this rare warbler during the breeding season, where it actively forages for insects and spiders among low vegetation and shrubs.
Indulge in the melodious song of the Golden-winged Warbler:
Credit: Jonathon Jongsma, XC672710. Accessible at www.xeno-canto.org/672710.
During the breeding season, Golden-winged Warblers select young forests, shrubby areas, or regenerating clearcuts as their preferred habitats. The female constructs a cup-shaped nest made of grasses, bark, and leaves, typically positioned near the ground. The female lays a clutch of four to five eggs, which are incubated for about 12 days. The young fledge after approximately 10 to 12 days.
Please note that the presence of the Golden-winged Warbler in Minnesota is limited, and conservation efforts are crucial to protect and restore its habitats.
28. Bay-breasted Warbler
The Bay-breasted Warbler makes occasional appearances in Minnesota during migration. This stunning warbler can be observed primarily in May during the spring migration and in September during the fall migration.
The Bay-breasted Warbler showcases a striking appearance, with a rich chestnut-colored head, a black face mask, and contrasting black streaks on its sides. Its underparts display a pale yellowish hue, adding to its visual allure.
Setophaga castanea
Length: 4.7-5.1 in (12-13 cm)
Weight: 0.4-0.5 oz (11-14 g)
Wingspan: 7.5-8.7 in (19-22 cm)
Spot the Bay-breasted Warbler as it journeys through the forests of Minnesota during migration, captivating observers with its vibrant colors and energetic movements.
Encounter this delightful warbler in mixed woodlands, especially areas with spruce and fir trees, where it actively forages for insects and occasionally feeds on berries.
Delight in the melodious song of the Bay-breasted Warbler:
Credit: Andrew Spencer, XC408978. Accessible at www.xeno-canto.org/408978.
During the breeding season, Bay-breasted Warblers establish their territories in the boreal forests of Canada, constructing cup-shaped nests made of grasses, moss, and other plant materials. The female lays a clutch of three to five eggs, which are incubated for about 11 to 13 days. The young fledge after approximately 9 to 11 days.
29. Blackburnian Warbler
The Blackburnian Warbler graces the forests of Minnesota during the breeding season. This striking warbler can be observed primarily from May to July.
The Blackburnian Warbler showcases a dazzling appearance, featuring a vibrant orange throat and breast, contrasted by black wings with bold white wing bars. Its striking colors and distinctive markings make it a sought-after species among birdwatchers.
Setophaga fusca
Length: 4.3-4.7 in (11-12 cm)
Weight: 0.3-0.4 oz (9-11 g)
Wingspan: 7.5-8.3 in (19-21 cm)
Embrace the presence of the Blackburnian Warbler as it adorns the coniferous and mixed forests of Minnesota, infusing the air with its vibrant colors and melodious songs.
Spot this dazzling warbler primarily in the upper canopy of trees, where it actively forages for insects, often performing acrobatic maneuvers to capture its prey.
Indulge in the melodious song of the Blackburnian Warbler:
Credit: Gregory F. Budney, XC423961. Accessible at www.xeno-canto.org/423961.
During the breeding season, Blackburnian Warblers establish their territories in the northeastern United States and Canada. The female constructs a cup-shaped nest made of bark strips, grasses, and moss, typically positioned high in a conifer tree. The female lays a clutch of three to five eggs, which are incubated for about 12 to 13 days. The young fledge after approximately 8 to 10 days.
30. Yellow-throated Warbler
The Yellow-throated Warbler makes occasional appearances in Minnesota during migration. This elegant warbler can be observed primarily in May during the spring migration and in September during the fall migration.
The Yellow-throated Warbler captivates with its unique appearance, featuring a black-and-white striped face, a vibrant yellow throat and upper breast, and contrasting gray upperparts. Its striking colors and distinct facial pattern make it easily recognizable.
Setophaga dominica
Length: 4.7-5.1 in (12-13 cm)
Weight: 0.4-0.5 oz (10-14 g)
Wingspan: 7.5-8.7 in (19-22 cm)
Spot the Yellow-throated Warbler as it journeys through the forests of Minnesota during migration, adding a touch of elegance to the natural landscape.
Encounter this elegant warbler primarily in mature deciduous forests, where it actively forages for insects, often gleaning them from tree trunks and branches.
Delight in the melodious song of the Yellow-throated Warbler:
Credit: Andrew Spencer, XC400450. Accessible at www.xeno-canto.org/400450.
During the breeding season, Yellow-throated Warblers establish their territories in the southeastern United States. The female constructs a cup-shaped nest made of grasses, moss, and other plant materials, positioned high in a tree. The female lays a clutch of three to five eggs, which are incubated for about 12 to 13 days. The young fledge after approximately 9 to 11 days.
31. Chestnut-sided Warbler
The Chestnut-sided Warbler graces the forests of Minnesota during the breeding season. This vibrant warbler can be observed primarily from May to July.
The Chestnut-sided Warbler showcases a delightful appearance, with bright yellow underparts, a grayish head, and chestnut streaks on its sides. Its contrasting colors and distinct markings make it a charming warbler to encounter.
Setophaga pensylvanica
Length: 4.7-5.5 in (12-14 cm)
Weight: 0.4-0.5 oz (11-14 g)
Wingspan: 7.5-8.3 in (19-21 cm)
Embrace the presence of the Chestnut-sided Warbler as it adorns the mixed woodlands and forest edges of Minnesota, adding its cheerful songs to the natural chorus.
Spot this delightful warbler primarily in shrubby areas, forest edges, and regenerating clearcuts, where it actively forages for insects among the vegetation.
Indulge in the melodious song of the Chestnut-sided Warbler:
Credit: Andrew Spencer, XC498247. Accessible at www.xeno-canto.org/498247.
During the breeding season, Chestnut-sided Warblers establish their territories in northeastern United States and southeastern Canada. The female constructs a cup-shaped nest made of grasses, bark, and leaves, typically positioned close to the ground. The female lays a clutch of three to five eggs, which are incubated for about 11 to 12 days. The young fledge after approximately 9 to 10 days.
32. Blackpoll Warbler
The Blackpoll Warbler makes occasional appearances in Minnesota during migration. This remarkable warbler can be observed primarily in May during the spring migration and in September during the fall migration.
The Blackpoll Warbler captivates with its unique appearance, featuring black streaks on its white underparts, a grayish back, and a contrasting black cap. Its distinct markings and striking colors make it a memorable warbler to encounter.
Setophaga striata
Length: 4.7-5.5 in (12-14 cm)
Weight: 0.4-0.5 oz (11-14 g)
Wingspan: 8.7-9.8 in (22-25 cm)
Spot the Blackpoll Warbler as it journeys through the forests of Minnesota during migration, adding its lively songs to the natural symphony.
Encounter this remarkable warbler primarily in deciduous and mixed forests, where it actively forages for
insects among the branches and foliage.
Delight in the melodious song of the Blackpoll Warbler:
Credit: Jonathon Jongsma, XC542772. Accessible at www.xeno-canto.org/542772.
During the breeding season, Blackpoll Warblers establish their territories in the boreal forests of Canada and Alaska. The female constructs a cup-shaped nest made of twigs, grasses, and plant fibers, typically positioned high in a conifer tree. The female lays a clutch of four to five eggs, which are incubated for about 10 to 12 days. The young fledge after approximately 9 to 11 days.
33. Canada Warbler
The Canada Warbler graces the forests of Minnesota during the breeding season. This charming warbler can be observed primarily from May to July.
The Canada Warbler showcases a delightful appearance, featuring a vibrant yellow throat and breast, complemented by gray upperparts and a distinct necklace pattern of black streaks. Its unique colors and intricate markings make it a captivating warbler to encounter.
Cardellina canadensis
Length: 4.3-5.1 in (11-13 cm)
Weight: 0.3-0.4 oz (9-11 g)
Wingspan: 7.5-8.3 in (19-21 cm)
Embrace the presence of the Canada Warbler as it adorns the mixed woodlands and forest understory of Minnesota, adding its melodious songs to the natural serenade.
Spot this charming warbler primarily in dense vegetation near water sources, where it actively forages for insects among the foliage.
Indulge in the melodious song of the Canada Warbler:
Credit: Gregory F. Budney, XC423957. Accessible at www.xeno-canto.org/423957.
During the breeding season, Canada Warblers establish their territories in the boreal forests of Canada and the northeastern United States. The female constructs a cup-shaped nest made of moss, grasses, and other plant materials, typically positioned close to the ground. The female lays a clutch of three to five eggs, which are incubated for about 12 to 13 days. The young fledge after approximately 9 to 10 days.
These are the remaining warbler species found in Minnesota. It’s fascinating to explore the diverse range of warblers that grace the state during different seasons.
What Sounds Do Warblers Make?
The melodious warblers are often heard before they grace your sight, and acquainting yourself with their melodic repertoire makes bird identification a breeze. Fortunately, some warblers possess particularly distinctive tunes.
The warblers’ melodies can be described as buzzing, crystal-clear, or trilling, with a medley of diverse sounds. A buzzy note resembles the hum of an insect, a clear note resonates like a melodious whistle, while a trill is a rapid succession of notes too swift to discern individually.
In this comprehensive guide, you can audibly experience the songs of all the warblers. To simplify the process, delve into the collection of 13 readily recognizable warbler songs available in this guide.
Warblers with Buzzing Songs:
- The Black-throated Blue Warbler’s song ascends with a buzzy tone.
- The Prairie Warbler’s tunes are similarly buzzy and rising.
- The Black-throated Green Warbler’s melodies possess buzzing qualities with intermittent clear notes.
- The Blackpoll Warbler’s song is clear and steady, resembling the hum of an insect.
- The Prairie Warbler’s melody is buzzy and ascends in pitch.
- The Palm Warbler’s song carries a distinct buzz.
Warblers with Songs Featuring Clear Notes:
- The Common Yellowthroat’s song consists of a series of rising and falling notes, repeated for emphasis.
- The Ovenbird sings a sequence of notes that rise and fall gracefully.
- The Hooded Warbler also contributes clear notes to the chorus.
- The Chestnut-sided Warbler’s song comprises a series of clear descending notes that accelerate towards the end.
- The Yellow-rumped Warbler produces a cascade of distinct notes that gradually fade away.
- The Yellow Warbler’s song quickens its pace.
- The Northern Parula’s song initiates with a rising trill, concluding with a different note, akin to a concluding punctuation mark.
- The Wilson’s Warbler’s melody consists of a series of clear descending notes that gain speed.
The Frequency of Warbler Sightings in Minnesota During Summer and Winter
Checklists serve as invaluable resources for uncovering the warblers commonly spotted within your state. These compilations reveal the most frequently recorded warblers on ebird checklists during the summer and winter seasons in Minnesota.
Warblers in Minnesota during the Summer:
– Common Yellowthroat: 27.8%
– Yellow Warbler: 25.6%
– American Redstart: 20.2%
– Yellow-rumped Warbler: 15.9%
– Ovenbird: 11.0%
– Black-and-white Warbler: 9.7%
– Nashville Warbler: 9.5%
– Chestnut-sided Warbler: 9.0%
– Palm Warbler: 8.0%
– Tennessee Warbler: 6.6%
– Magnolia Warbler: 5.7%
– Northern Waterthrush: 4.5%
– Blackburnian Warbler: 3.9%
– Wilson’s Warbler: 3.5%
– Black-throated Green Warbler: 3.3%
– Blackpoll Warbler: 3.3%
– Golden-winged Warbler: 3.2%
– Orange-crowned Warbler: 3.1%
– Northern Parula: 2.9%
– Mourning Warbler: 2.6%
– Canada Warbler: 2.5%
– Blue-winged Warbler: 2.5%
– Pine Warbler: 1.7%
– Cape May Warbler: 1.6%
– Bay-breasted Warbler: 1.1%
– Prothonotary Warbler: 0.6%
– Connecticut Warbler: 0.5%
– Cerulean Warbler: 0.4%
– Hooded Warbler: 0.4%
– Black-throated Blue Warbler: 0.2%
– Louisiana Waterthrush: 0.2%
– Yellow-breasted Chat: 0.1%
– Kentucky Warbler: Less than 0.1%
Warblers in Minnesota during the Winter:
– Yellow-rumped Warbler: 0.1%
– Black-throated Blue Warbler: Less than 0.1%
– Black-throated Green Warbler: Less than 0.1%
– Pine Warbler: Less than 0.1%
– Common Yellowthroat: Less than 0.1%
– Northern Waterthrush: Less than 0.1%
– Ovenbird: Less than 0.1%
– Orange-crowned Warbler: Less than 0.1%
– Northern Parula: Less than 0.1%
– Cape May Warbler: Less than 0.1%
Methods to Attract Warblers to Your Backyard
Although warblers may not be as frequent visitors to backyard feeders as other songbirds, there are various ways to entice these melodious avian creatures to your own haven:
- If your yard is spacious enough, provide trees as welcoming perches.
- Maintain brush piles and embrace a slightly untidy environment to create a habitat for insect friends.
- Avoid the use of pesticides and herbicides to ensure a bountiful insect population for the birds without any harmful effects.
- Offer a clean water source, creating a refreshing oasis for warblers.
- Supply mealworms, preferably live ones, or dried ones as an alternative.
- Install bird feeders stocked with sunflower seeds, peanut hearts, and suet to attract these feathered songsters.