39 Brown Birds In California (ID Guide, Pictures)

Identifying brown birds, also known as LBJs (little brown jobs), can pose a challenge due to their lack of distinctive features compared to their more vibrant relatives.

However, fret not! This comprehensive manual will assist you in recognizing various brown bird species, including sparrows, wrens, and many others that are commonly found in California. Moreover, it provides information on the seasonal distribution of these brown birds throughout the year.

To simplify your bird-watching experience, the guide lists the brown birds in California in order of their frequency, as reported by avid bird watchers on ebird.

Brown Birds in California by Season
Brown Birds in California All Year: House Finch, California Towhee, Song Sparrow, Spotted Towhee, American Robin, Bewick’s Wren, House Sparrow, Chestnut-backed Chickadee, Common Yellowthroat, American Goldfinch, Marsh Wren, Purple Finch, Pine Siskin, Brown Creeper, Chipping Sparrow, Abert’s Towhee, Rose-breasted Grosbeak, Northern Cardinal, Brown Thrasher

Brown Birds in California in Summer: Mourning Dove, House Wren, Brown-headed Cowbird, Swainson’s Thrush

Brown Birds in California in Winter: White-crowned Sparrow, Northern Flicker, Golden-crowned Sparrow, Savannah Sparrow, Hermit Thrush, Cedar Waxwing, White-throated Sparrow, American Tree Sparrow

Brown Birds During Migration in California: Swamp Sparrow, Northern Waterthrush, Eastern Phoebe

Rare or Accidental Species in California: Great Crested Flycatcher, Winter Wren, Field Sparrow, Wood Thrush, Louisiana Waterthrush

A total of 39 Brown Birds in California are covered in this guide.

Table of Contents

1. House Finch – Female

Throughout the year, House Finches can be found in California, as they do not migrate. They appear in 48% of summer checklists and 41% of winter checklists submitted by bird watchers in the state.

Female House Finches exhibit a brown-streaked plumage, while their male counterparts boast a red head and breast, with the rest of their bodies primarily brown-streaked.

Scientific Name: Haemorhous mexicanus
Length: 5.1-5.5 in (13-14 cm)
Weight: 0.6-0.9 oz (16-27 g)
Wingspan: 7.9-9.8 in (20-25 cm)

Initially confined to western US states, House Finches have successfully expanded their range to the eastern states, even displacing the Purple Finch.

These social birds can be spotted in various locations, including parks, farms, forest edges, and backyard feeders, often congregating in noisy groups that are hard to miss.

To attract House Finches to your backyard, consider providing black oil sunflower seeds or nyjer seeds in tube feeders or platform feeders.

It’s worth noting that not all finches in California exhibit brown coloring; some may display more vibrant hues.

2. Mourning Dove

Mourning Doves are year-round residents of California, but they are more abundant during the breeding season. They are observed in 42% of summer checklists and 28% of winter checklists in the state.

Graceful and small-headed, Mourning Doves possess plump bodies and long tails. Their soft brown plumage is adorned with black spots on the wings. Males tend to be slightly larger than females.

Scientific Name: Zenaida macroura
Length: 9.1-13.4 in (23-34 cm)
Weight: 3.0-6.0 oz (96-170 g)
Wingspan: 17.7 in (45 cm)

Mourning Doves are common throughout the lower 48 states of the US, but they may migrate after breeding from the northern Midwest and southern Canada.

These birds are often seen perching on telephone wires and foraging for seeds on the ground in grasslands, fields, and backyards. They are also found in open areas and woodland edges.

To attract Mourning Doves to your backyard, scatter millet on the ground or use platform feeders. They also consume black sunflower seeds, nyjer, cracked corn, and peanut hearts.

3. White-crowned Sparrow

White-crowned Sparrows are frequently encountered in California during winter and are reported in 44% of checklists during this time. They are more prevalent from September to April, but some individuals remain in the area throughout the year, appearing in 6% of summer checklists.

These sizable grayish sparrows exhibit long tails, small bills, and distinct black and white stripes on their heads.

Scientific Name: Zonotrichia leucophrys
Length: 5.9-6.3 in (15-16 cm)
Weight: 0.9-1.0 oz (25-28 g)
Wingspan: 8.3-9.4 in (21-24 cm)

White-crowned Sparrows breed in Alaska and arctic Canada before migrating south to the lower 48 states and Mexico for the winter. However, some individuals may remain along the Pacific Coast and in mountainous regions year-round.

You can find White-crowned Sparrows in weedy fields, along roadsides, forest edges, and yards, where they forage for seeds of weeds, grasses, as well as fruits like elderberries and blackberries.

Nests of White-crowned Sparrows are constructed using twigs, grass, moss, and pine needles. They are typically located low to the ground in shrubs or on the tundra. These sparrows lay up to seven eggs, which take approximately two weeks to hatch, and the chicks fledge after around nine days.

To attract White-crowned Sparrows to your backyard, offer sunflower seeds, and they will also consume seeds dropped by other birds at the feeders.

4. California Towhee

California Towhees are year-round residents of California and do not migrate. They are documented in 31% of summer checklists and 27% of winter checklists in the state.

These plump sparrows with long tails and short wings exhibit a rusty patch beneath their tails and sport a primarily brown coloration.

Scientific Name: Melozone crissalis
Length: 8.3-9.8 in (21-25 cm)
Weight: 1.3-2.4 oz (37-67 g)
Wingspan: 11.4 in (29 cm)

California Towhees are limited to coastal chaparral scrub areas in California, Oregon, and Baja California. Nevertheless, they may visit backyards, perch on fence posts, and engage in amusing interactions with their own reflections in car mirrors or windows.

These towhees primarily feed on grass and herb seeds, but they also enjoy berries such as elderberry, coffeeberry, and acorns.

Nests of California Towhees are typically built low in shrubs or small trees, using twigs and woven grasses. The nest interior is lined with softer materials like animal hair and soft, fluffy seeds.

To attract California Towhees to your yard, provide millet on-ground feeders and plant native berry-producing plants.

5. Song Sparrow

Song Sparrows can be observed throughout the year in California, with sightings recorded in 29 % of summer checklists and 24% of winter checklists submitted by bird enthusiasts.

These predominantly brown-streaked birds may not have the striking appearance of other backyard birds, but they utilize their nearly constant song to attract mates during spring and summer.

Scientific Name: Melospiza melodia
Length: 4.7-6.7 in (12-17 cm)
Weight: 0.4-1.9 oz (12-53 g)
Wingspan: 7.1-9.4 in (18-24 cm)

Song Sparrows are year-round residents of the northern US states. Those that breed in Canada migrate to the southern US states for winter.

They can be found in open, shrubby, and wet areas, often perched on low shrubs while singing. They are also frequently observed at backyard feeders.

Song Sparrows have a diverse diet, consuming various insects and plants such as beetles, caterpillars, midges, spiders, earthworms, buckwheat, sunflower, raspberries, wild cherries, blackberries, wheat, and rice.

To attract Song Sparrows to your backyard feeders, offer black oil sunflower seeds, cracked corn, and nyjer on platform feeders.

A multitude of sparrows can be sighted in California, each with their own unique songs and fascinating characteristics that can aid in their identification.

6. Spotted Towhee

Spotted Towhees are year-round residents of California, with sightings recorded in 26% of summer checklists and 18% of winter checklists.

These large sparrows feature black heads, throats, and backs in males, while females exhibit a brown coloration. Both genders possess reddish-brown sides, white bellies, white spots on their wings and back, and long tails.

Scientific Name: Pipilo maculatus
Length: 6.7-8.3 in (17-21 cm)
Weight: 1.2-1.7 oz (33-49 g)
Wingspan: 11.0 in (28 cm)

Spotted Towhees inhabit western US states, but those residing inland in the northern regions migrate south to Texas after breeding.

These towhees can be found on the ground, vigorously scratching around dense shrubs in search of insects like beetles, crickets, grasshoppers, caterpillars, wasps, and bees. They also consume acorns, berries, and seeds.

Nests of Spotted Towhees are typically constructed on or near the ground using leaves, stems, bark, and lined with softer materials. They lay up to six eggs, which incubate for approximately two weeks, and the young take another ten days to fledge.

To attract Spotted Towhees to your yard, maintain overgrown borders and provide Black Oil Sunflower seeds, Hulled Sunflower seeds, Cracked Corn, Millet, and Milo on platform feeders or ground feeders.

7. American Robin

American Robins are year-round residents of California, appearing in 23% of summer checklists and 19% of winter checklists.

These birds are commonly observed on lawns, where they feed on earthworms. They possess black heads and backs, along with red or orange breasts. During winter, they tend to roost in trees, making spring the optimal time to spot them in backyards.

Scientific Name: Turdus migratorius
Length: 7.9-11.0 in (20-28 cm)
Weight: 2.7-3.0 oz (77-85 g)
Wingspan: 12.2-15.8 in (31-40 cm)

American Robins are permanent residents in the northern US states and Canada. Those breeding farther north migrate south during winter to the southern states and Mexico.

In addition to earthworms, American Robins consume insects, spiders, fruits, and berries such as sumac, hawthorn, dogwood, and juniper.

Their nests are built in trees or on ledges, using mud, twigs, grass, and lined with fine grasses or other soft materials. They lay three to five eggs, which hatch after around two weeks, and the chicks fledge within two weeks after hatching.

To attract American Robins to your yard, offer mealworms, earthworms, and fruits like chopped apples, berries, or raisins on platform feeders or scattered on the ground.

8. Bewick’s Wren

Bewick’s Wrens are year-round residents of California and are observed in 22% of summer checklists and 19% of winter checklists in the state.

These small, brown wrens possess a long, slender body, a thin, slightly decurved bill, and a white eyebrow stripe. Their plumage is brown above and pale below, with light barring on the wings and tail.

Scientific Name: Thryomanes bewickii
Length: 4.7-5.9 in (12-15 cm)
Weight: 0.3-0.4 oz (9-12 g)
Wingspan: 6.7-7.5 in (17-19 cm)

Bewick’s Wrens are commonly found in brushy areas, chaparral, and woodlands with dense undergrowth. They are also attracted to backyards with shrubs, bushes, and birdhouses.

These wrens feed on insects such as beetles, ants, wasps, bees, grasshoppers, and spiders. They will occasionally consume small fruits and seeds.

Nests of Bewick’s Wrens are constructed in cavities, including birdhouses and tree holes. The nest is made of twigs, leaves, bark, and grass, with a soft lining of feathers, hair, or fine grass.

To attract Bewick’s Wrens to your yard, provide dense shrubbery and brush piles. They may also visit suet feeders and consume mealworms.

9. House Sparrow

House Sparrows are year-round residents of California, appearing in 21% of summer checklists and 16% of winter checklists.

These small, chunky birds have brown and gray plumage, with males exhibiting a black bib and white cheeks during breeding season.

Scientific Name: Passer domesticus
Length: 5.9-6.7 in (15-17 cm)
Weight: 0.9-1.1 oz (25-30 g)
Wingspan: 7.9-9.1 in (20-23 cm)

Originally from Europe, Asia, and North Africa, House Sparrows were introduced to North America and have since become widespread. They can now be found across the entire continent.

House Sparrows inhabit a variety of habitats, including cities, towns, farms, and suburbs. They are often seen near human settlements and are known to exploit available food sources.

Their diet includes grains, seeds, fruits, berries, and insects. House Sparrows are regular visitors to feeders, where they eagerly consume sunflower seeds, millet, cracked corn, and suet.

To attract House Sparrows to your backyard, provide birdhouses or nest boxes with a 1.25-inch entrance hole and offer a variety of seeds in platform feeders or ground feeders.

10. Chestnut-backed Chickadee

Chestnut-backed Chickadees are year-round residents of California and can be found in 19% of summer checklists and 15% of winter checklists.

These small, energetic birds have a distinctive coloration with a rich chestnut back, gray wings and head, and a buff-colored chest and belly. They are known for their acrobatic behavior and their cheerful chick-a-dee-dee-dee call.

Scientific Name: Poecile rufescens
Length: 4.3-4.7 in (11-12 cm)
Weight: 0.3-0.4 oz (9-12 g)
Wingspan: 6.7-7.5 in (17-19 cm)

Chestnut-backed Chickadees primarily inhabit coniferous forests, especially those with dense undergrowth. They are also common visitors to backyards with suitable habitat.

These chickadees feed on insects, spiders, and other small invertebrates, as well as seeds and berries. They are known to cache food for later consumption.

Nests of Chestnut-backed Chickadees are usually built in tree cavities, stumps, or nest boxes. The nest is made of moss, bark strips, fur, and feathers, and the female lays six to eight eggs, which hatch after about two weeks.

To attract Chestnut-backed Chickadees to your yard, provide birdhouses or nest boxes with a 1.125-inch entrance hole. Offer suet, sunflower seeds, and mealworms in feeders placed among trees or shrubs.

11. Golden-crowned Sparrow

Golden-crowned Sparrows are mainly seen in California during the winter months, appearing in 13% of winter checklists. They have a grayish-brown coloration on their back and wings, with a distinctive black crown and a bright-yellow forehead.

Scientific Name: Zonotrichia atricapilla
Length: 6.7-7.5 in (17-19 cm)
Weight: 1.1-1.2 oz (30-33 g)
Wingspan: 8.7-9.8 in (22-25 cm)

Golden-crowned Sparrows breed in Alaska and western Canada before migrating to the West Coast for winter. They can be found foraging for seeds in weedy fields, feeding on fruits such as apples and grapes, and consuming insects like ants, beetles, and butterflies.

Their nests are typically built on or near the ground and constructed from grass, twigs, and leaves. The female lays around four to five eggs, which hatch after approximately two weeks.

To attract Golden-crowned Sparrows to your backyard, provide a variety of seeds in ground feeders or platform feeders. Planting native vegetation with small fruits can also help attract them.

12. California Towhee

California Towhees are year-round residents of California, appearing in 11% of summer checklists and 14% of winter checklists. They have a large, plump body with a rusty patch under their tail, long tails, and short wings.

Scientific Name: Melozone crissalis
Length: 8.3-9.8 in (21-25 cm)
Weight: 1.3-2.4 oz (37-67 g)
Wingspan: 11.4 in (29 cm)

These towhees are primarily found in coastal chaparral scrub areas of California, Oregon, and Baja California. They forage on the ground for seeds from grasses and herbs, as well as berries like elderberry and coffeeberry.

California Towhees build their nests in low shrubs or small trees using twigs and grass, often close to the ground. The nests are lined with softer materials such as animal hair and fluffy seeds.

To attract California Towhees to your yard, provide millet on ground feeders and plant native berry-producing plants.

13. Song Sparrow

Song Sparrows can be seen throughout the year in California, recorded in 10% of summer checklists and 12% of winter checklists. They have a brown-streaked appearance and use their constant song to attract mates during the breeding season.

Scientific Name: Melospiza melodia
Length: 4.7-6.7 in (12-17 cm)
Weight: 0.4-1.9 oz (12-53 g)
Wingspan: 7.1-9.4 in (18-24 cm)

Song Sparrows are residents of the northern US states, while those breeding in Canada migrate to southern US states for the winter. They can be found in open, shrubby, and wet areas, often perched on low shrubs and visiting backyard feeders.

Their diet consists of a wide variety of insects and plants, including beetles, caterpillars, spiders, buckwheat, raspberries, and sunflower seeds.

To attract Song Sparrows to your backyard feeders, provide black oil sunflower seeds, cracked corn, and nyjer on platform feeders.

14. Spotted Towhee

Spotted Towhees are year-round residents of California, appearing in 9% of summer checklists and 10% of winter checklists. Males have black heads, throats, and backs, while females are brown. Both have reddish-brown sides and white bellies, with white spots on their wings and back.

Scientific Name: Pipilo maculatus
Length: 6.7-8.3 in (17-21 cm)
Weight: 1.2-1.7 oz (33-49 g)
Wingspan: 11.0 in (28 cm)

These towhees are primarily found in western US states, with some migrating south to Texas after breeding. They can be observed scratching for insects like beetles, crickets, and grasshoppers, as well as feeding on acorns, berries, and seeds.

Spotted Towhees typically build their nests on or near the ground using leaves, stems, and bark. The nests are lined with softer materials and contain up to six eggs, which hatch after about two weeks.

To attract Spotted Towhees to your yard, provide brushy areas, overgrown borders, and ground or platform feeders with black oil sunflower seeds, millet, and cracked corn.

15. American Robin

American Robins are year-round residents of California, appearing in 8% of summer checklists and 9% of winter checklists. They are known for their black heads and backs with red or orange breasts. During winter, they tend to roost in trees but can be seen in backyards during the spring.

Scientific Name: Turdus migratorius
Length: 7.9-11.0 in (20-28 cm)
Weight: 2.7-3.0 oz (77-85 g)
Wingspan: 12.2-15.8 in (31-40 cm)

These robins can be found in various habitats, including woodlands, forests, fields, parks, and lawns. They feed on earthworms, insects, snails, and fruit.

To attract American Robins to your backyard, provide sunflower seeds, suet, fruit, and mealworms. Planting native berry-producing plants such as juniper, sumac, hawthorn, and dogwood can also be enticing to them.

16. Bewick’s Wren

Bewick’s Wrens are frequently spotted in California throughout the year, appearing in 7% of summer checklists and 8% of winter checklists. They have brown-backed bodies with long, gray, upright tails and a white stripe over the eye.

Scientific Name: Thryomanes bewickii
Length: 5.1 in (13 cm)
Weight: 0.3-0.4 oz (8-12 g)

These wrens are year-round residents of southern and western states, with some small movements in winter. They can be found hopping from branch to branch in scrub, thickets, and open woodlands, where they feed on insects, including bees, bugs, caterpillars, and beetles.

Nests of Bewick’s Wrens are usually built on rock ledges, old woodpecker nests, or in crevices. They are made from sticks, grasses, and lined with softer materials like animal hair and feathers. The female lays 3-8 eggs, which hatch after about two weeks.

To attract Bewick’s Wrens to your backyard, provide suet, mealworms, and hulled sunflower seeds.

17. Northern Flicker

Northern Flickers are spotted year-round in California, but they are more common during winter in the southern parts of the state. They appear in 6% of summer checklists and 7% of winter checklists.

Scientific Name: Colaptes auratus
Length: 11.0-12.2 in (28-31 cm)
Weight: 3.9-5.6 oz (110-160 g)
Wingspan: 16.5-20.1 in (42-51 cm)

These flickers have brown bodies with black bars on their backs and spotted undersides. They also display a distinct crescent-shaped black bib on their chests. They can be found in various habitats, including forests, woodlands, and urban areas.

Northern Flickers primarily feed on ants, beetles, and other insects they find on the ground or in trees. They also enjoy fruits and berries when available.

To attract Northern Flickers to your yard, provide suet, peanuts, and sunflower seeds. Dead trees or snag perches can also be attractive to them.

18. Red-winged Blackbird

Red Winged Black Bird – Isolated Perched – Green Background

Red-winged Blackbirds are year-round residents of California, appearing in 5% of summer checklists and 6% of winter checklists. Males have a glossy black body with red and yellow shoulder patches, while females are brown and heavily streaked.

Scientific Name: Agelaius phoeniceus
Length: 7.1-9.1 in (18-23 cm)
Weight: 1.4-2.7 oz (40-77 g)
Wingspan: 12.2-15.8 in (31-40 cm)

These blackbirds can be found in wetlands, marshes, meadows, and agricultural fields. They feed on insects, seeds, grains, and berries.

Red-winged Blackbirds build their nests in cattails, grasses, and shrubs, often near water. The nests are woven together with vegetation and lined with finer materials. The female lays 3-5 eggs, which hatch after about two weeks.

To attract Red-winged Blackbirds to your yard, provide black oil sunflower seeds, cracked corn, and mealworms. Planting native grasses and reeds can also help create a suitable habitat.

19. Violet-green Swallow

Violet-green Swallows are frequently observed in California during the summer months, appearing in 4% of summer checklists. They have a metallic green back, white underparts, and violet-colored cheeks and rump.

Scientific Name: Tachycineta thalassina
Length: 4.7-5.9 in (12-15 cm)
Weight: 0.4-0.6 oz (12-17 g)
Wingspan: 11.0-12.6 in (28-32 cm)

These swallows breed in western North America and migrate to Mexico and Central America for the winter. They can be found near open woodlands, water sources, and forest edges, where they feed on flying insects.

Violet-green Swallows build cup-shaped nests made of grass, feathers, and plant fibers in tree cavities or crevices. The female lays 4-6 eggs, which hatch after about two weeks.

To attract Violet-green Swallows to your yard, provide nest boxes or artificial nesting structures. A water feature and an insect-friendly garden will also make your yard more appealing to them.

20. Yellow Warbler

Yellow Warblers are commonly seen in California during the summer months, appearing in 3% of summer checklists. They are small, bright yellow birds with reddish streaks on their breasts.

Scientific Name: Setophaga petechia
Length: 4.7 in (12 cm)
Weight: 0.3-0.4 oz (9-12 g)
Wingspan: 6.3 in (16 cm)

These warblers breed across North America and migrate to Mexico, Central America, and the Caribbean for the winter. They can be found in various habitats, including wetlands, shrubs, and gardens, where they forage for insects and spiders.

Yellow Warblers build cup-shaped nests woven with grasses, plant fibers, and spiderwebs, typically placed in shrubs or low tree branches. The female lays 3-5 eggs, which hatch after about two weeks.

To attract Yellow Warblers to your yard, provide shrubs, trees, and berry-producing plants.

21. Brewer’s Blackbird

Brewer’s Blackbird (Male), Esquimalt Lagoon, Colwood, Near Victoria, British Columbia

Brewer’s Blackbirds are year-round residents of California, appearing in 4% of summer checklists and 6% of winter checklists. Males have black bodies with a metallic bluish-green sheen, while females are brown with streaks.

Scientific Name: Euphagus cyanocephalus
Length: 9.1-10.2 in (23-26 cm)
Weight: 1.9-2.5 oz (54-72 g)
Wingspan: 14.2-15.8 in (36-40 cm)

These blackbirds can be found in a variety of habitats, including open fields, farmlands, and urban areas. They feed on seeds, grains, insects, and fruits.

Brewer’s Blackbirds build cup-shaped nests made of grasses, twigs, and mud, often placed in trees or shrubs. The female lays 3-6 eggs, which hatch after about two weeks.

To attract Brewer’s Blackbirds to your yard, provide black oil sunflower seeds, cracked corn, and mealworms. They are also attracted to open areas with short grass for foraging.

22. Orange-crowned Warbler

Orange-crowned Warblers are frequently observed in California during the winter months, appearing in 3% of winter checklists. They are small, plain birds with olive-brown feathers and a hint of yellow on their underparts.

Scientific Name: Leiothlypis celata
Length: 4.7-5.5 in (12-14 cm)
Weight: 0.3-0.4 oz (9-11 g)
Wingspan: 7.5-8.7 in (19-22 cm)

These warblers breed in northern North America and migrate to the southern United States and Mexico for the winter. They can be found in a variety of habitats, including forests, shrubs, and wetlands, where they search for insects.

Orange-crowned Warblers build cup-shaped nests made of grasses, moss, and plant fibers, typically placed in low shrubs or vegetation. The female lays 4-5 eggs, which hatch after about two weeks.

To attract Orange-crowned Warblers to your yard, provide dense shrubs and trees for cover. Planting native trees and shrubs that attract insects will also be beneficial.

23. Nuttall’s Woodpecker

Nuttall’s Woodpeckers are year-round residents of California, appearing in 3% of summer checklists and 5% of winter checklists. They have black bodies with white patches on their wings and a red crown on males.

Scientific Name: Picoides nuttallii
Length: 6.3 in (16 cm)
Weight: 1.2-1.8 oz (34-51 g)
Wingspan: 12.2 in (31 cm)

These woodpeckers can be found in oak woodlands, forests, and riparian areas. They feed on insects, acorns, and tree sap.

Nuttall’s Woodpeckers excavate cavities in dead or decaying trees for nesting. The female lays 4-5 eggs, which hatch after about two weeks.

To attract Nuttall’s Woodpeckers to your yard, provide suet feeders, nuts, and insects. Dead trees or snag perches can also be attractive to them.

24. Western Bluebird

Western Bluebirds are frequently observed in California, appearing in 3% of summer checklists. Males have blue feathers on their backs and heads, while females are duller with more brownish tones.

Scientific Name: Sialia mexicana
Length: 6.3-7.9 in (16-20 cm)
Weight: 1.1-1.2 oz (31-34 g)
Wingspan: 11.0-12.6 in (28-32 cm)

These bluebirds can be found in open woodlands, meadows, and agricultural areas. They primarily feed on insects and berries.

Western Bluebirds nest in tree cavities, birdhouses, or nest boxes. The female lays 4-6 eggs, which hatch after about two weeks.

To attract Western Bluebirds to your yard, provide nest boxes with appropriate entrance hole sizes. Offer mealworms, suet, and berries as additional food sources.

25. Rufous-crowned Sparrow

Rufous-crowned Sparrows are year-round residents of California, appearing in 2% of summer checklists and 4% of winter checklists. They have brownish-gray bodies with streaks on their backs and a reddish-brown crown.

Scientific Name: Aimophila ruficeps
Length: 5.1-5.9 in (13-15 cm)
Weight: 0.7-1.0 oz (20-28 g)
Wingspan: 7.5 in (19 cm)

These sparrows can be found in chaparral, scrub, and open grasslands. They primarily feed on seeds and insects.

Rufous-crowned Sparrows build cup-shaped nests made of grasses and plant fibers, often placed on the ground or in low shrubs. The female lays 2-4 eggs, which hatch after about two weeks.

To attract Rufous-crowned Sparrows to your yard, provide brush piles, low shrubs, and native grasses. Offering a mix of seeds and insects will also be appealing to them.

26. California Gnatcatcher

California Gnatcatchers are mainly spotted in California, appearing in 2% of summer checklists. They are small birds with blue-gray upperparts, a white belly, and a black crown.

Scientific Name: Polioptila californica
Length: 4.7 in (12 cm)
Weight: 0.2-0.3 oz (6-9 g)
Wingspan: 6.7-7.9 in (17-20 cm)

These gnatcatchers can be found in coastal sage scrub habitats. They primarily feed on insects and spiders.

California Gnatcatchers build cup-shaped nests made of twigs, grasses, and spiderwebs, often placed in low shrubs. The female lays 3-5 eggs, which hatch after about two weeks.

To attract California Gnatcatchers to your yard, preserve or restore native coastal sage scrub vegetation. Providing a water source, such as a birdbath, will also be beneficial.

27. Lark Sparrow

Lark Sparrows are frequently observed in California, appearing in 2% of summer checklists. They have a unique appearance with a black-and-white head pattern and reddish-brown back and wings.

Scientific Name: Chondestes grammacus
Length: 5.9-6.7 in (15-17 cm)
Weight: 0.8-1.0 oz (23-28 g)
Wingspan: 9.1-10.6 in (23-27 cm)

These sparrows can be found in grasslands, fields, and open areas. They primarily feed on seeds and insects.

Lark Sparrows build cup-shaped nests made of grasses and rootlets, often placed on the ground or low shrubs. The female lays 3-6 eggs, which hatch after about two weeks.

To attract Lark Sparrows to your yard, provide open areas with short grass and scattered shrubs. Offering a mix of seeds and insects in feeders or on the ground can also be enticing to them.

28. Mountain Bluebird

Mountain Bluebird, Cabin Lake Viewing Blinds, Deschutes National Forest, Near Fort Rock, Oregon

Mountain Bluebirds are frequently observed in California, appearing in 2% of summer checklists. Males have bright blue feathers, while females are paler with more gray tones.

Scientific Name: Sialia currucoides
Length: 6.3-7.1 in (16-18 cm)
Weight: 0.8-1.0 oz (23-29 g)
Wingspan: 9.8-10.6 in (25-27 cm)

These bluebirds can be found in open habitats, including meadows, grasslands, and mountain areas. They primarily feed on insects and berries.

Mountain Bluebirds nest in tree cavities, birdhouses, or nest boxes. The female lays 4-7 eggs, which hatch after about two weeks.

To attract Mountain Bluebirds to your yard, provide nest boxes with appropriate entrance hole sizes. Offer mealworms, suet, and berries as additional food sources.

29. Townsend’s Warbler

Townsend’s Warblers are frequently observed in California, appearing in 2% of winter checklists. They have yellow-green bodies with black streaks on their backs and a black cap.

Scientific Name: Setophaga townsendi
Length: 4.7-5.9 in (12-15 cm)
Weight: 0.3-0.4 oz (9-12 g)
Wingspan: 7.9-9.1 in (20-23 cm)

These warblers breed in coniferous forests in western North America and migrate to the southern United States and Mexico for the winter. They primarily feed on insects.

Townsend’s Warblers build cup-shaped nests made of moss, grasses, and plant fibers, typically placed in conifer trees. The female lays 3-6 eggs, which hatch after about two weeks.

To attract Townsend’s Warblers to your yard, provide conifer trees and shrubs. Offering suet, mealworms, and a water source will also be appealing to them.

30. California Thrasher

California Thrashers are year-round residents of California, appearing in 2% of summer checklists and 4% of winter checklists. They are large, brown thrashers with a long, curved bill.

Scientific Name: Toxostoma redivivum
Length: 11.0-12.2 in (28-31 cm)
Weight: 2.5-3.0 oz (71-85 g)
Wingspan: 11.8-12.6 in (30-32 cm)

These thrashers can be found in chaparral, coastal scrub, and shrubby habitats. They primarily feed on insects and fruits.

California Thrashers build cup-shaped nests made of twigs, grasses, and plant fibers, often placed in low shrubs or on the ground. The female lays 2-4 eggs, which hatch after about two weeks.

To attract California Thrashers to your yard, provide dense shrubs and brush piles for cover. Offering a mix of insects, fruits, and berries will also be enticing to them.

31. Hooded Oriole

Hooded Orioles are frequently observed in California, appearing in 2% of summer checklists. Males have bright orange-yellow bodies with a black bib and face mask, while females are duller with more greenish tones.

Scientific Name: Icterus cucullatus
Length: 7.1-7.9 in (18-20 cm)
Weight: 1.0-1.1 oz (28-31 g)
Wingspan: 9.8 in (25 cm)

These orioles can be found in palm oases, riparian areas, and suburban parks. They primarily feed on nectar, fruits, and insects.

Hooded Orioles build pendulous nests woven from plant fibers, often placed in palm trees or tall shrubs. The female lays 3-5 eggs, which hatch after about two weeks.

To attract Hooded Orioles to your yard, provide nectar feeders filled with a sugar-water solution. Planting nectar-producing flowers and offering sliced oranges or grape jelly can also be enticing to them.

32. American Goldfinch

American Goldfinches are frequently observed in California, appearing in 2% of winter checklists. During the breeding season, males have bright yellow bodies with black caps, while females are duller with more brownish tones.

Scientific Name: Spinus tristis
Length: 4.3-5.1 in (11-13 cm)
Weight: 0.4-0.6 oz (11-17 g)
Wingspan: 7.5-8.7 in (19-22 cm)

These finches can be found in weedy fields, meadows, and open areas. They primarily feed on seeds, especially those of thistles and sunflowers.

American Goldfinches build cup-shaped nests made of plant fibers, often placed in shrubs or trees. The female lays 3-7 eggs, which hatch after about two weeks.

To attract American Goldfinches to your yard, provide nyjer (thistle) feeders filled with fresh seeds. Planting native wildflowers and offering fresh water will also be appealing to them.

33. White-crowned Sparrow

White-crowned Sparrows are frequently observed in California, appearing in 2% of winter checklists. They have grayish-brown bodies with distinctive white-and-black striped crowns.

Scientific Name: Zonotrichia leucophrys
Length: 6.3-7.5 in (16-19 cm)
Weight: 0.9-1.1 oz (26-31 g)
Wingspan: 7.9-9.1 in (20-23 cm)

These sparrows can be found in brushy habitats, shrublands, and gardens. They primarily feed on seeds and insects.

White-crowned Sparrows build cup-shaped nests made of grasses and plant fibers, often placed on the ground or low shrubs. The female lays 3-5 eggs, which hatch after about two weeks.

To attract White-crowned Sparrows to your yard, provide dense shrubs and brush piles for cover. Offering a mix of seeds and insects will also be enticing to them.

34. Ash-throated Flycatcher

Ash-throated Flycatchers are frequently observed in California, appearing in 2% of summer checklists. They have grayish-brown upperparts, a pale throat, and a rusty-colored tail.

Scientific Name: Myiarchus cinerascens
Length: 7.1-7.9 in (18-20 cm)
Weight: 0.6-1.0 oz (17-29 g)
Wingspan: 11.0-12.2 in (28-31 cm)

These flycatchers can be found in open woodlands, scrub, and desert areas. They primarily feed on insects.

Ash-throated Flycatchers build cup-shaped nests made of plant fibers, often placed in tree cavities or on artificial structures. The female lays 3-5 eggs, which hatch after about two weeks.

To attract Ash-throated Flycatchers to your yard, provide nest boxes with appropriate entrance hole sizes. Offering a variety of flying insects as a food source will also be appealing to them.

35. Allen’s Hummingbird

Allen’s Hummingbirds are frequently observed in California, appearing in 2% of summer checklists. Males have vibrant orange-red throats and greenish backs, while females are duller with more green tones.

Scientific Name: Selasphorus sasin
Length: 3.5 in (9 cm)
Weight: 0.1 oz (3 g)
Wingspan: 4.7 in (12 cm)

These hummingbirds can be found in coastal areas, chaparral, and gardens. They primarily feed on nectar and insects.

Allen’s Hummingbirds build cup-shaped nests made of plant fibers and spiderwebs, often placed on horizontal branches. The female lays 2 eggs, which hatch after about two weeks.

To attract Allen’s Hummingbirds to your yard, provide nectar feeders filled with a sugar-water solution. Planting native nectar-producing flowers, such as salvia and penstemon, will also be enticing to them.

36. Say’s Phoebe

Say’s Phoebes are year-round residents of California, appearing in 2% of summer checklists and 4% of winter checklists. They have grayish-brown upperparts, a pale throat, and a rusty-colored tail.

Scientific Name: Sayornis saya
Length: 7.1 in (18 cm)
Weight: 0.6-1.0 oz (17-28 g)
Wingspan: 11.8 in (30 cm)

These flycatchers can be found in open habitats, including grasslands, deserts, and agricultural areas. They primarily feed on insects.

Say’s Phoebes build cup-shaped nests made of grasses, plant fibers, and mud, often placed on ledges, cliffs, or human-made structures. The female lays 4-6 eggs, which hatch after about two weeks.

To attract Say’s Phoebes to your yard, provide perching spots such as fence posts or dead branches. Offering a variety of flying insects as a food source will also be appealing to them.

37. Violet-green Swallow

Violet-green Swallows are frequently observed in California, appearing in 2% of summer checklists. They have iridescent greenish-purple upperparts, white underparts, and white patches on their wings.

Scientific Name: Tachycineta thalassina
Length: 4.7-5.1 in (12-13 cm)
Weight: 0.4-0.6 oz (11-17 g)
Wingspan: 11.0-12.2 in (28-31 cm)

These swallows can be found in open woodlands, forests, and riparian areas. They primarily feed on flying insects.

Violet-green Swallows build cup-shaped nests made of grasses and feathers, often placed in tree cavities or on human-made structures. The female lays 4-6 eggs, which hatch after about two weeks.

To attract Violet-green Swallows to your yard, provide nest boxes or artificial gourd nests. Offering a reliable source of flying insects will also be enticing to them.

38. California Quail

California Quails are year-round residents of California, appearing in 2% of summer checklists and 6% of winter checklists. Males have a grayish-blue chest, a black face, and a forward-curving black plume on the top of their heads.

Scientific Name: Callipepla californica
Length: 9.8-11.8 in (25-30 cm)
Weight: 5.8-8.1 oz (165-230 g)
Wingspan: 13.8 in (35 cm)

These quails can be found in a variety of habitats, including chaparral, scrub, and suburban areas. They primarily feed on seeds and insects.

California Quails build ground nests made of grasses and leaves, often placed in dense vegetation or against a tree or rock. The female lays 10-15 eggs, which hatch after about three weeks.

To attract California Quails to your yard, provide dense shrubs and brush piles for cover. Offering a mix of seeds and insects in a ground feeder will also be enticing to them.

39. Allen’s Hummingbird

Scientific Name: Selasphorus sasin
Length: 3.5 in (9 cm)
Weight: 0.1 oz (3 g)
Wingspan: 4.7 in (12 cm)