Brown birds or LBJ (little brown jobs) can be hard to identify as they do not always have as many distinguishing features as their brighter-colored cousins.
Don’t be afraid, since this manual will aid you differentiate between a sparrow, a wren, and any other brown bird. Lastly, at different times of the year, see which brown birds are in Maryland.
According to checklists submitted by birdwatchers on eBird for Maryland, this guide will help you identify those brown birds visiting your backyard or out in the woods and fields, from most to least common.
Brown Birds In Maryland By Season
Northern Cardinal, Carolina Wren, Mourning Dove, American Robin, American Goldfinch, Song Sparrow, House Finch, House Sparrow, Northern Flicker, Eastern Towhee and Eastern Phoebe are all found in Maryland throughout the year.
Chipping Sparrow, Brown-headed Cowbird, Common Yellowthroat, House Wren, Great Crested Flycatcher, Cedar Waxwing, and Marsh Wren are among the Maryland birds that migrate south in the summer.
White-throated Sparrow, Swamp Sparrow, Hermit Thrush, Brown Creeper, Winter Wren, Purple Finch, Pine Siskin, White-crowned Sparrow: In Maryland’s winter landscape
Rose-breasted Grosbeak, Swainson’s Thrush, and Northern Waterthrush are among the birds seen in Maryland during migration.
Golden-crowned Sparrow, Spotted Towhee, and Bewick’s Wren are among the rare or accidental species in Maryland.
38 Brown Birds In Maryland
1. Northern Cardinal – Female
The residents of Maryland’s Northern Cardinals are found here all year. Summer checklists and winter checklists submitted by bird watchers in the state include them in 66% of cases and 53% of cases, respectively.
In Maryland, northern Cardinals are present all year and are quite frequent. These are seen in 66% of summer and 53% of winter bird watcher checklists for the state, according to records.
The brown color, pointed brown crest, red highlights, and crimson beaks of females Northern Cardinals make them seem a little more dazzling.
Yet, against a white winter backdrop, the brilliant red male Northern Cardinal with black around their faces is simply amazing. Red crests and beaks adorn these birds as well.
- Cardinalis cardinalis
- Length: 8.3-9.1 in (21-23 cm)
- Weight: 1.5-1.7 oz (42-48 g)
- Wingspan: 9.8-12.2 in (25-31 cm)
Most states in the south, as far west as Arizona, and the eastern part of the United States are home to Northern Cardinals.
Northern Cardinals feed on seeds, fruit, and insects in thick vegetation. While they obsessively defend their territories, Northern Cardinals occasionally attack their own reflection during the breeding season.
Feeders full of sunflower seeds, peanuts, millet, and milo will entice Northern Cardinals to your yard. Large tube feeders, hoppers, platform feeders, and food strewn on the ground will all be used to feed them.
2. Carolina Wren
The Carolina Wrens are a species that lives in Maryland and does not migrate. Summer checklists include them 49% of the time, and winter checklists include them 42% of the time.
The dark brown top of the Carolina Wrens contrasts with the light brown underneath. They have a loud “teakettle” call, a white eyebrow stripe, and an upright tail.
- Thryothorus ludovicianus
- Length: 4.7-5.5 in (12-14 cm)
- Weight: 0.6-0.8 oz (18-22 g)
- Wingspan: 11.4 in (29 cm)
Every year, throughout eastern and southeastern US states, Carolina Wrens are found. They’ll come to your backyard feeders if you look for them in wooded or heavily vegetated areas.
Suet feeders, hulled sunflower seeds, and peanut hearts in huge tube feeders or on platform feeders will attract Carolina Wrens to your outdoor feeding.
In Maryland, you may find several Wrens in the backyards, but finding others will require going to marshy areas.
3. Mourning Dove
Throughout Maryland, Mourning Doves may be seen year-round, however their numbers rise during breeding season. Summer checklists include them in 50% of the state’s lists, while winter checklists include them in 32%.
With slender bodies and long tails, Mourning Doves are lovely little-headed birds. The wings are covered in black spots and have a delicate brown color. Males have a little more weight than females.
- Zenaida macroura
- Length: 9.1-13.4 in (23-34 cm)
- Weight: 3.0 -6.0 oz (96-170 g)
- Wingspan: 17.7 in (45 cm)
Throughout the whole of the lower 48 states, Mourning Doves are ubiquitous throughout the year, but they may relocate after breeding from northern Michigan and southern Canada.
In grasslands, fields, and backyards, Mourning Doves may be seen perched on telephone lines foraging for seeds. Open areas and woodland borders are also good places to look for them.
Millet on the ground or platform feeders may entice mourning doves to your property. Black sunflower seeds, nyjer, broken maize, and peanut hearts will be eaten as well.
4. American Robin
During Maryland’s breeding season, American Robins are rather frequent, but they may be seen any time of year. Summer checklists include them in 52% of the time, whereas winter checklists include them 25%.
On lawns, American Robins can be seen eating earthworms. Their eyebrows are black, and their backs and breasts are red or orange. In the winter, they favor to roost in trees, so you’re more likely to see them in the spring.
- Turdus migratorius
- Length: 7.9-11.0 in (20-28 cm)
- Weight: 2.7-3.0 oz (77-85 g)
- Wingspan: 12.2-15.8 in (31-40 cm)
In the lower 48 states and on the western coast of Canada and Alaska, American Robins live. Those that breed in Canada and northern Alaska migrate south for the winter.
From woodlands, forests, and mountains to fields, parks, and lawns, American Robins can be found in a variety of environments. Earthworms, flies, snails, and fruit are among the foods they consume.
Sunflower seeds, suet and peanut hearts, fruit, and mealworms are all ways to attract American Robins to your yard. Food should be scattered on the ground when using platform feeders. Furthermore, consider planting berries-producing native plants such as juniper, sumac, hawthorn, and dogwood.
5. American Goldfinch – Female
All year, Maryland is home to American Goldfinches, but during breeding season, the species multiplies. For the state, they are listed in 42% of summer checklists and 24% of winter checklists.
In the spring, males of American Goldfinches acquire a bright yellow and black coloration. In the winter, both sexes are browner than females.
- Spinus tristis
- Length: 4.3-5.1 in (11-13 cm)
- Weight: 0.4-0.7 oz (11-20 g)
- Wingspan: 7.5-8.7 in (19-22 cm)
Most of North America is home to American Goldfinches, who live all year. Breeding birds, on the other hand, go to southern US states for the winter.
Foraging for sunflower, thistle, and aster plants, they may be located in weedy fields and overgrown areas. Suburbs, parks, and backyards are also common places for them.
Planting thistles and milkweed in your yard will attract American Goldfinches. Sunflower seed and nyjer seed are the preferred foods of these birds.
6. Song Sparrow
All year, Maryland is home to Song Sparrows. Summer checklists include them in 26% of the time, whereas winter checklists include them in 33%.
Song sparrows, while not as visually stunning as other backyard birds, use their almost continuous song to attract mates in the spring and summer.
- Melospiza melodia
- Length: 4.7-6.7 in (12-17 cm)
- Weight: 0.4-1.9 oz (12-53 g)
- Wingspan: 7.1-9.4 in (18-24 cm)
In the northern US states, Song Sparrows live throughout the year. Breeding Canadians migrate to the southern United States for the winter.
They’re often seen perched on a low shrub singing and are commonly seen at backyard feeders. They may be found in open, shrubby, and wet places.
Beetles, caterpillars, midges, spiders, and earthworms are among the insects and plants that Song Sparrows eat. Buckwheat, sunflower, raspberries, wild cherries, blackberries, wheat, and rice will also be eaten by them.
Put black oil sunflower seeds, cracked corn, and nyjer on platform feeders to attract song sparrows to your backyard feeders.
In Maryland, a surprising number of sparrows may be seen, and their songs and interesting facts may help you identify them more quickly.
7. White-throated Sparrow
During the winter, Maryland’s White-throated Sparrows appear in 45% of checklists and are frequently seen. From September to May, they are most often seen.
The black and white striped head, brilliant white throat, and yellow between the eye and beak distinguish White-throated Sparrows. Brown with a gray back, they have brown backs.
- Zonotrichia albicollis
- Length: 6.3-7.1 in (16-18 cm)
- Weight: 0.8-1.1 oz (22-32 g)
- Wingspan: 7.9-9.1 in (20-23 cm)
Before moving south in winter to eastern and southern US states, as well as the Pacific Coast, White-throated Sparrows are migratory birds that breed mostly in Canada.
In woodlands and woods, as well as along the borders of wooded regions, White-throated Sparrows may be found in large flocks on the ground.
Grasses and weeds, as well as fruits such as grape, sumac, mountain ash, blueberry, blackberry, and dogwood seeds and nuts are the main foods of White-throated Sparrows. In the summer, they will also eat a wide range of insects from the forest floor.
Millet and black oil sunflower seeds on platform feeders attract White-throated Sparrows to your yard.
8. House Finch – Female
All year, Maryland has House Finches as a resident. They don’t migrate and appear in about 25% of state bird watchers’ summer and winter checklists, according to the checklist submitters.
Males House Finches have a red head and breast, while the remainder of their bodies are brown-streaked, while females are brown-streaked all over.
- Haemorhous mexicanus
- Length: 5.1-5.5 in (13-14 cm)
- Weight: 0.6-0.9 oz (16-27 g)
- Wingspan: 7.9-9.8 in (20-25 cm)
House Finches were first introduced to the eastern United States, and have done extremely well, even displacing the Purple Finch.
Parks, farms, forest borders, and backyard feeders are all places to look for them in noisy clusters that are tough to miss.
Black oil sunflower seeds or nyjer seeds in tube feeders or platform feeders may be used to attract House Finches to backyard feeders.
Brown finches are not the only ones found in Maryland; other species are more brightly colored.
9. House Sparrow
In Maryland, house Sparrows have become a permanent resident. They are seen in 27% of summer and 21% of winter checklists in the state, and they do not migrate.
Another introduced species that has thrived is House Sparrows, which are now one of the most common birds. Their heads are gray and brown, with white cheeks. Their bellies are gray, and their backs are black and brown.
- Passer domesticus
- Length: 5.9-6.7 in (15-17 cm)
- Weight: 0.9-1.1 oz (27-30 g)
- Wingspan: 7.5-9.8 in (19-25 cm)
All year, House Sparrows may be found in the United States and southern Canada. They can be pretty tame and may even eat out of your hand. You might find them near houses and structures.
Grain and seed, as well as waste food, are the primary foods of house Sparrows. Because they are non-native, they may be considered pests, but they can be found in backyards even if you do not feed them.
Most kinds of birdseed, such as millet, corn, and sunflower seeds, can draw House Sparrows to your backyard feeders.
10. Northern Flicker
Throughout the year, Northern Flickers are present in Maryland. Summer checklists include them in 14% of lists, whereas winter checklists include them in 18%.
In flight, Northern Flickers have a white patch on their rump and a red nape of the neck in males, who are huge brown woodpeckers with black spots.
Depending on where they come from, northern flickers have red or yellow flashes in their wings and tail. The west is home to red-shafted birds, while the east is home to yellow-shafted birds.
- Colaptes auratus
- Length: 11.0-12.2 in (28-31 cm)
- Weight: 3.9-5.6 oz (110-160 g)
- Wingspan: 16.5-20.1 in (42-51 cm)
Throughout the year, Northern Flickers may be found across the United States, as well as in Canada during the summer. During the winter, those that breed in Canada move south.
Ants, beetles, fruits, and seeds are the primary foods of Northern Flickers, who often dig with their curved bill on the ground.
Suet may be used to attract Northern Flickers to your yard. Several woodpecker species may be seen in Maryland, and they will come to your feeders.
11. Chipping Sparrow
Chipping Sparrows breed in Maryland from April to November, despite the fact that a few may be seen all year. Summer checklists include them in 33% of the time, while winter checklists include them only 2%.
The grayish belly and brown and black-streaked back of Chipping Sparrows make them slender, long-tailed birds. The crown is rusted, and the eye line is black. Their hues are subdued in the winter.
- Spizella passerina
- Length: 4.7-5.9 in (12-15 cm)
- Weight: 0.4-0.6 oz (11-16 g)
- Wingspan: 8.3 in (21 cm)
Before flying to Mexico and Florida for winter, Chipping Sparrows spend their summer breeding in the United States and Canada. In the southern states, they survive all year.
Chipping Sparrows may be seen in small numbers on open terrain and will come to feed on a variety of seed species.
With seeds or broken corn on open feeders like hoppers and platforms, attract Chipping Sparrows to your yard.
12. Brown-headed Cowbird – Female
From February to August, Brown-headed Cowbirds spend the breeding season in Maryland, before heading south in the autumn; however, a few stay through winter. Summer checklists have 25% of the state’s species, while winter checklists have 4%.
Brown on the upper part of the body, with some streaks, for females Brown-headed Cowbirds. Brown-headed Cowbirds have black bodies, brown heads, and short tails. Males are larger than females.
- Molothrus ater
- Length: 76.3-8.7 in (19-22 cm)
- Weight: 1.3-1.8 oz (42-50 g)
- Wingspan: 14.2 in (36 cm)
Throughout the year in eastern America, southern America, and along the Pacific Coast, Brown-headed Cowbirds stay. But, for the winter, those that breed in the northern and western United States and Canada migrate south.
Because they are parasite birds that destroy the eggs of smaller songbirds in order to lay their eggs in the nest and have the bird foster their chicks, they are frequently considered a nuisance.
13. Eastern Towhee
All year, Maryland’s eastern Towhees may be seen, although they are most visible during breeding season. Summer checklists contain them in 19% of cases, while winter checklists contain 7%.
The males of the eastern Towhees have a white belly and long tails, and they strike huge sparrows that are roughly the size of Robin. Females are brown instead of black, and they look a lot like males.
- Pipilo erythrophthalmus
- Length: 6.8-8.2 in (17.3-20.8 cm)
- Weight: 1.1-1.8 oz (32-52 g)
- Wingspan: 7.9-11.0 in (20-28 cm)
Birds in the north migrate south for the winter and live throughout the year in southern US states.
Eastern Towhees may be seen rummaging in the undergrowth, near the margins of woods and thickets.
Eastern Towhees’ nests are frequently discovered amid fallen leaves on the ground. They’re lined with soft grass and animal hair, and they’re made of twigs, bark, and leaves. They lay six eggs and the young take roughly two weeks to fledge, so they lay up to six eggs.
Overgrown borders and platform feeders loaded with black oil sunflower seeds, hulled sunflower seeds, cracked corn, and millet may all help you attract Eastern Towhees to your yard.
14. Common Yellowthroat
From April through November, Common Yellowthroats may be seen in Maryland’s breeding season. Summer checklists include them in 29% of the time.
Little brownish-backed songbirds with long tails, Common Yellowthroats are tiny songbirds. Over the faces of the males, there are black masks. The yellownight might be brighter in some places and darker in others, depending on the region.
- Geothlypis trichas
- Length: 4.3-5.1 in (11-13 cm)
- Weight: 0.3-0.3 oz (9-10 g)
- Wingspan: 5.9-7.5 in (15-19 cm)
Save for Alaska and northern Canada, Common Yellowthroats spend the summer breeding across most of North America. Along the Gulf Coast and the Pacific Southwest, some may be found year-round. They then go south for the winter.
Yellowthroats may be found in thick, intertwined vegetation in marshy or wetland places and brushy fields.
To attract insects, try attracting Common Yellowthroats to huge backyards with thick vegetation and native plants.
There are many more types of warblers than the common Yellowthroats, which may be found in Maryland. They have songs that are both intriguing and educational to listen to.
15. Eastern Phoebe
From March through October, the number of Eastern Phoebes in Maryland increases. Summer checklists have them at 13%, while winter checklists have them at 1%.
The back of an Eastern Phoebes is grayish-brown, while the underside is white. The head is darker than that of a normal Phoebes.
- Sayornis phoebe
- Length: 5.5-6.7 in (14-17 cm)
- Weight: 0.6-0.7 oz (16-21 g)
- Wingspan: 10.2-11.0 in (26-28 cm)
Before heading to the southern United States for winter, eastern Phoebes are migratory birds that breed across northern and central US states, as well as Canada. Birds that live in the south of their range might stay there all year.
In contrast to their cousins in the east, western Phoebes prefer to dwell alone in calm woodland, wagging their tails from low heights.
Flycatchers eat most of their food, which consists mostly of flying insects, but they will also consume spiders and other creatures, tiny fruit, and seeds. They build nests out of mud and grass, which they place on bridges, barns, or homes.
By setting up a nest box or native plants that produce berries, you can attract Eastern Phoebes to your yard.
16. House Wren
In Maryland, House Wrens are most frequent from mid-April to November, and they appear in 21% of checklists during that time. A few of them stay here all year, despite migrating south for the winter.
Little nondescript brown birds with deeper barred wings and tails and a lighter throat, House Wrens are tiny little birds. Their tails are commonly upright when they’re awake.
- Troglodytes aedon
- Length: 4.3-5.1 in (11-13 cm)
- Weight: 0.3-0.4 oz (10-12 g)
- Wingspan: 5.9 in (15 cm)
Before moving to southern US states and Mexico for the winter, House Wrens spend their summer breeding in the United States and southern Canada.
House Wrens forage for insects and spiders in backyards, parks, and open woods. Their tails up, they frequently hop energetically through tangles and low branches, pausing to sing their cheery song.
When it comes to finding the finest nest holes, House Wrens are tenacious for their size. They’ll frequently torment bigger birds, occasionally pulling eggs and nestlings from a nest site.
Leave piles of brush or construct a nest box to attract House Wrens to your property.
Leave mounds of brush or construct a nest box to attract House Wrens to your yard.
17. Great-crested Flycatcher
From April to September, Great Crested Flycatchers breed in Maryland. On summer checklists, they’re seen in 26% of cases.
The back of Great Crested Flycatchers is brown, and their belly and neck are yellow. The wing and tail feathers of these birds emit reddish flashes. It’s difficult to see the crest.
- Myiarchus crinitus
- Length: 6.7-8.3 in (17-21 cm)
- Weight: 0.9-1.4 oz (27-40 g)
- Wingspan: 13.4 in (34 cm)
During the winter, Great Crested Flycatchers reside in southern Florida, southern Mexico, and Central America. They breed across most of eastern North America.
They wait for huge insects flying, such as butterflies, grasshoppers, moths, wasps, and spiders to land on the ground before they fly away. They may be found perched on fenceposts or other artificial constructions in mixed woodlands and along the edges of clearings, parks, and tree-lined areas. Berries and small fruit will be devoured as well.
Plant native species of plants and leave brush heaps to attract insects to your property, then attract Great Crested Flycatchers. Moreover, since they readily take up residence in plant berry-producing plants, install a nest box.
18. Cedar Waxwing
Maryland has a year-round population of Cedar Waxwings, although they are most visible during breeding season. On the state’s summer and winter checklists, they’re found in 15% and 4%, respectively.
The head, chest, and crest of Cedar Waxwings are pale brown, while the back, wings, and tail are gray. Cedar Waxwings are a beautiful social bird.
Towards the tail, their belly is bright yellow, but it’s pale yellow near the head. Their eyes are covered by a small black mask, and the wingtips are bright red.
- Bombycilla cedrorum
- Length: 5.5-6.7 in (14-17 cm)
- Weight: 1.1 oz (32 g)
- Wingspan: 8.7-11.8 in (22-30 cm)
Throughout the northern half of the US, Cedar Waxwings are present all year. Canadian breeders migrate to the southern United States for the winter.
Berry bushes, woodlands, and streams are all home to these high-pitched callers.
Planting native trees and shrubs with tiny fruit like serviceberry, dogwood, juniper, winterberry, and hawthorn will attract Cedar Waxwings to your yard. Platform feeders are another option to experiment with fruit.
19. Field Sparrow
During the breeding season, from March to October, Field Sparrows may be seen all year in Maryland. Summer checklists include them in 10% of cases, whereas winter checklists include them in 4%.
Little, thin brown-backed birds with black stripes are known as Field Sparrows. They have a reddish crown and pink beak, as well as gray undersides and heads.
- Spizella pusilla
- Length: 4.7-5.9 in (12-15 cm)
- Weight: 0.4-0.5 oz (11-15 g)
- Wingspan: 7.9 in (20 cm)
In the eastern US, field Sparrows live throughout the year, but in the winter, those that breed in the Midwest go south.
Since the males sing from a perch in the early mornings, finding Field Sparrows during breeding season is simple. They can also be found feeding quietly on weeds and seeds in abandoned fields, where they are shy.
During the breeding season, Field Sparrow nests get higher and higher as the breeding season progresses. These birds construct their nests from grass and lay five eggs, which take around two weeks to hatch. The young fledge within a week after that.
Cracked corn, hulled sunflower seeds, and millet are all good options for attracting Field Sparrows to your yard.
20. Brown Thrasher
From April to July, Brown Thrashers can be found throughout Maryland, but their numbers rise. Summer checklists include them in 11% of the lists, while winter checklists include them in 2%.
Brown thrashers are a large songbird with a long beak. They have a comparable size to a robin. They have white-streaked chests and bellies and are brown on the back. Gray skin with bright yellow eyes covers their cheeks.
- Toxostoma rufum
- Length: 9.1-11.8 in (23-30 cm)
- Weight: 2.1-3.1 oz (61-89 g)
- Wingspan: 11.4-12.6 in (29-32 cm)
Central and eastern North America are home to the Brown Thrashers. Birds in the southeast of their range stay here all year, while birds from farther north migrate south for the winter.
Because they spend most of their time in thickets and shrubbery, Brown Thrashers are difficult to detect for their size. They may be heard rummaging around in the leaf litter and soil, seeking for insects, while eating berries, beetles, and flying insects from the air.
These most accomplished songbirds sing over 1000 distinct song types, making them one of the biggest in North America.
Brown Thrashers will gather fallen seeds from under feeders if you provide them with sufficient cover and berries shrubs.
21. Wood Thrush
During the breeding season, from April to October, Wood Thrush can be seen in Maryland and are included on 20% of checklists at this time.
The fat white and black-spotted bellies of Wood Thrushes give them a comical appearance. The crown and upper back are reddish, while the hindquarters are brown.
- Hylocichla mustelina
- Length: 7.5-8.3 in (19-21 cm)
- Weight: 1.4-1.8 oz (40-50 g)
- Wingspan: 11.8-13.4 in (30-34 cm)
During one night, wood thrushes from the eastern United States to Central America across the Gulf of Mexico.
In mature forests, these birds hide and feed on insects like beetles and flies, which they find in leaf litter. They make a ‘flute-like’ sound in the spring.
22. Swamp Sparrow
During the winter months, from October to April, Swamp Sparrows may be seen in Maryland, although they may stay here all year. These are found in 6% of the state’s winter checklists.
The backs of Swamp Sparrows are black, while the crowns and wings are rusty. Gray breasts and a white neck distinguish them. They have brown faces with a black eye line and a yellow beak, and their heads are gray.
- Melospiza georgiana
- Length: 4.7-5.9 in (12-15 cm)
- Weight: 0.5-0.8 oz (15-23 g)
- Wingspan: 7.1-7.5 in (18-19 cm)
The east is home to Swamp Sparrows. Before heading to eastern and southern US states, as well as Mexico, they breed in Canada, northeastern US states, and North Central US states.
Swamp Sparrow nests are made of twigs, leaves, and cattails and are usually found in the undergrowth on or close to the ground. Grass and other plant material are used to line the nest.
Except during migration to yards with a lot of vegetation and water, Swamp Sparrows do not visit backyards.
23. Hermit Thrush
At this time of year, 6% of checklists include Hermit Thrushes. From October to April, they are most frequently seen, but they can be seen at any time of year.
With an upright stance, stocky bodies, and long tails, Hermit Thrushes are birds that stand at attention. They have spots on their neck and breast, as well as brown backs and white underbellies.
- Catharus guttatus
- Length: 5.5-7.1 in (14-18 cm)
- Weight: 0.8-1.3 oz (23-37 g)
- Wingspan: 9.8-11.4 in (25-29 cm)
In Canada, the northeast US states, and the western US, Hermit Thrushes breed. Before spending the winter along the Pacific Coast, southeast states, and Mexico, they may be seen during migration in central states.
Foraging on the ground for insects, Hermit Thrushes feed in forest clearings. Berries are eaten in the winter as well.
They seldom visit backyards, but in the spring and summer, their somewhat forlorn song may be heard.
24. Brown Creeper
From October through April, Maryland is home to the brown Creepers, which are found on 6% of winter checklists.
With their streaked brown backs and white undersides, Brown Creepers are tiny songbirds that are difficult to locate against tree trunks.
- Certhia americana
- Length: 4.7-5.5 in (12-14 cm)
- Weight: 0.2-0.3 oz (5-10 g)
- Wingspan: 6.7-7.9 in (17-20 cm)
While Brown Creepers do not migrate, they may go south and upwards in the winter. They may be found from Alaska to Mexico and Central America, as well as in southern Canada and the northeastern United States. During certain winters, they can be found as far north as Minnesota and as far south as Florida.
Inspect the bark of mature woodland trees with huge trees for these little birds, which may be spotted hunting for insects and larvae within.
In contrast to nuthatches, who face down the tree trunk, brown Creepers are typically discovered working their way up the tree and facing upwards.
These birds make a high-pitched piercing cry rather than sing, which helps them to be found.
25. Winter Wren
In Maryland, winter Wrens may be seen in 5% of winter checklists throughout the winter. Although they can be seen throughout the year, October through April are the best months to do so.
Winter Wrens have blacker wing and tail markings, as well as a plump brown body. They have pale eyebrow stripes and small, upright tails. The sexes appear to be the same.
Although they were once thought to be the same species, Winter Wrens are now recognized as being separate, and they sing distinct songs than Pacific Wrens.
In the winter and northeastern US states, as well as Canada, Winter Wrens can be found.
Look for Winter Wrens in thickets and gardens during the winter. By rummaging through fallen leaves and rotting wood, they consume insects and spiders.
Twigs, moss, and grass are woven together in a circular shape with a tiny aperture to create Winter Wren nests. Hatching takes roughly two or two and a half weeks, and the same amount of time is required for fledging.
Native plants and dense vegetation will attract Winter Wrens to your yard.
26. Savannah Sparrow
All year, Maryland is home to the Savannah Sparrow. They’ve been found in up to 2% of the state’s summer and winter checklists.
A Savannah Sparrow has a distinct yellow patch by the eye if you get close enough to it. Their tails are small, and their brown color is streaky.
- Passerculus sandwichensis
- Length: 4.3-5.9 in (11-15 cm)
- Weight: 0.5-1.0 oz (15-28 g)
- Wingspan: 7.9-8.7 in (20-22 cm)
Before going to the southern United States and Mexico for winter, Savannah Sparrows breed in Canada and the US.
During the breeding season, Savannah Sparrows may be found foraging for insects and spiders on the ground in open regions like grassland, and seeds throughout the winter.
Savannah Sparrow nests are made of grass and are placed on or near the ground. They lay six eggs, which take two weeks to hatch and another one or two weeks for the chicks to fledge.
If you maintain brush mounds, have long grass, and reside near farms, these birds don’t usually visit feeders, but they may do so if you provide them.
27. Louisiana Waterthrush
In 5% of summer checklists, Louisiana Waterthrushes occur. From March to September, they can be found in Maryland.
In comparison to other warblers, Louisiana Waterthrushes are drab. On top, they’re brown, and on the bottom, they’re pale. They have long pink legs and a white eyebrow stripe.
- Parkesia motacilla
- Length: 5.9-6.1 in (15-15.5 cm)
- Weight: 0.6-0.8 oz (18.2-22.9 g)
- Wingspan: 9.4-10.6 in (24-27 cm)
During migration, you may see Louisiana Waterthrushes in the southeast, which are found in eastern US states. They return in the early spring after spending the winter in Mexico, Central America, and the Caribbean.
Louisiana Waterthrush may be seen hunting for insects, vertebrates, and larvae in streams and moving water in woodlands.
Louisiana Waterthrush nests are hidden in roots or beneath logs along the bank of a stream. The nest is held together with mud and constructed of leaves, pine needles, and other plant materials.
28. Purple Finch – Female
From September through April, Maryland has purple finches as winter birds. Just 1% of winter checklists contain them.
Males have reddish-purple heads and breasts with more brown on the back and wings, while females have a paler belly. Purple Finches are brown-streaked all over. They are redder than House Finches and have a similar appearance overall.
- Haemorhous purpureus
- Length: 4.7-6.3 in (12-16 cm)
- Weight: 0.6-1.1 oz (18-32 g)
- Wingspan: 8.7-10.2 in (22-26 cm)
Purple Finches overwinter in the eastern US states but are found throughout the year in the north-east and Pacific coasts.
Purple Finches feed on seeds, buds, nectar, and berries in evergreen woods.
Purple Finches build nests high in the trees. Twigs, barks, weeds, and moss are used to make them. The females incubate three to five eggs for thirteen days.
With black oil sunflower seeds, you may attract Purple Finches to your yard.
29. Rose-breasted Grosbeak – Female
During migration, Rose-breasted Grosbeaks may be seen in Maryland most frequently from May to October. During migration, they are seen in 9% of checklists.
Brown with streaks and a flash of yellow under the wings, female Rose-breasted Grosbeaks and immature males
Males of Rose-breasted Grosbeaks are black-and-white birds with crimson breasts and crimson bellies. Under their wings, they have a crimson flash.
- Pheucticus ludovicianus
- Length: 7.1-8.3 in (18-21 cm)
- Weight: 1.4-1.7 oz (39-49 g)
- Wingspan: 11.4-13.0 in (29-33 cm)
Northern US states, the Midwest, and southern and central Canada are home to Rose-breasted Grosbeaks. Throughout the summer, they can be found in southern states. The winter months are spent in Mexico, Central America, and the Caribbean.
Rose-breasted Grosbeaks forage for insects, berries, and seeds in woods, parks, and gardens.
The branches of a low tree are home to Rose-breasted Grosbeak nests. Loosely formed twigs, grasses, and plants are used to create them. The eggs take two weeks to hatch, and there are around five of them. The eggs are then incubated alternately by both parents.
Sunflower seeds and peanuts are an easy way to attract Rose-breasted Grosbeaks to your yard.
30. Pine Siskin
During the winter months of October through mid-May, Pine Siskins are seen in Maryland at a rate of 1% on winter checklists.
The wing and tail of Pine Siskins are yellow, and they are little brown finches. With a small pointed beak, they have a forked tail and wings that are pointed.
- Spinus Pinus
- Length: 4.3-5.5 in (11-14 cm)
- Weight: 0.4-0.6 oz (12-18 g)
- Wingspan: 7.1-8.7 in (18-22 cm)
In the western states and along the Canadian Border, Pine Siskins live throughout the year in pine woods. Before heading south for the winter, some breed in Canada.
They may be found across most of North America, depending on the pine cone crops. Pine Siskins feed on conifer seeds, but also on young buds and seeds from grasses and weeds, as their name suggests.
Will also eat black oil sunflower seeds and suet, so attract Pine Siskins to your backyards with thistle and nyjer feeders.
31. White-crowned Sparrow
During the winter, White-crowned Sparrows may be seen in Maryland, and they are found in 1% of all winter checklists. From mid-September until June, they can be found in the state.
Large grayish sparrows with lengthy tails, tiny beaks, and prominent black and white stripes on their heads, White-crowned Sparrows are big.
- Zonotrichia leucophrys
- Length: 5.9-6.3 in (15-16 cm)
- Weight: 0.9-1.0 oz (25-28 g)
- Wingspan: 8.3-9.4 in (21-24 cm)
Before heading south for winter, White-crowned Sparrows breed in Alaska and arctic Canada. Yet, some could be seen around the Pacific Coast and in the mountainous west all year.
White-crowned Sparrows forage for seeds of weeds and grasses, as well as fruit like elderberries and blackberries, in weedy fields, along roadsides, forest borders, and in yards.
White-crowned Sparrow nests are often found low to the ground in shrubs or on the tundra, made of twigs, grass, moss, and pine needles. The eggs take two to two weeks to hatch and the chicks take nine days to fledge, so they lay up to seven eggs.
Sunflower seeds attract White-crowned Sparrows to your yard, and the birds will eat seeds provided by other birds at the feeders.
32. Swainson’s Thrush
During migration in May and from September to October, Swainson’s Thrushes may be seen in Maryland. During the spring, they’re seen in 10% of checklists, while during the autumn, they’re seen in 7%.
Swainson’s Thrushes are brown on the back with spotted breasts and are a medium-sized thrush that is light below.
- Catharus ustulatus
- Length: 6.3-7.5 in (16-19 cm)
- Weight: 0.8-1.6 oz (23-45 g)
- Wingspan: 11.4-12.2 in (29-31 cm)
During the breeding season, Swainson’s Thrushes may be observed foraging in leaf litter for insects and red fruits like blackberries, raspberries, huckleberries, and sumac on the ground. Ants, as well as other insects, are fed to nestlings in addition to ants.
Swainson’s Thrushes breed in Canada and Alaska before heading into Central and South America for winter, and they are only seen during migration in the spring and fall of the lower 48.
Ground-level birdbaths and by providing tree and shrub cover will bring Swainson’s Thrushes to your backyard.
33. Northern Waterthrush
From April to October, Northern Waterthrushes may be seen in Maryland, however they are most often seen at migration time. During spring migration, they appear in 6% of checklists and during autumn migration, they appear in 2%.
Large, thrush-like birds, Northern Waterthrushes are a sight to see. Both men and women have similar characteristics. Their heads are brown, with thick white eyebrows, dark brown backs, and rumps that have a dark, heavy streaking from their necks all the way to their neck.
- Parkesia noveboracensis
- Length: 5.75 inches (15 cm)
- Weight: 0.8 oz (23 g)
- Wingspan: 8.75 inches (22 cm)
Before migrating to Mexico, Central and South America, and the Caribbean, Northern Waterthrushes breed in Canada, Alaska, and northeastern US states. In Central and South America, some may stay all year.
Northern Waterthrushes can be found in black, woody bogs, thickets, and swamps. You’ll likely find a Northern Waterthrush around any still or sluggish water in the woods. They’re most often seen among mangroves in the winter and the tropics.
Foragers of both the water and land, Northern Waterthrushes They can walk on shallow water in pursuit of water beetles, mosquitoes, slugs, crustaceans, snails, and occasionally little fish with their long legs. Caterpillars, moths, and ants that they discover beneath the leaves are also consumed.
Northern Waterthrushes’ nests are frequently discovered near water in hollows or crannies. The nests are usually hidden among ferns and can be found in a moss-covered stump or under a jutting bank.
34. Marsh Wren
During the breeding season, Marsh Wrens can be found in Maryland, and they account for 1% of summer checklists. From April through October, they’re most prevalent, although some may be seen any time of year.
Brown with black and white streaks on their back, Marsh Wrens are a common sight. They have the wren’s distinctive upright tail and are grayish brown on their underside. Males and females have the same appearance.
They have longer bills than Sedge Wrens, but lack stripes on their shoulders.
- Cistothorus palustris
- Length: 3.9-5.5 in (10-14 cm)
- Weight: 0.3-0.5 oz (9-14 g)
- Wingspan: 5.9 in (15 cm)
Before moving to southern states and Mexico, Marsh Wrens breed in northern US states and central Canada. Some birds, such as those in the west and along the Atlantic Coast, may stay throughout the year. During their migration, they may be seen in the eastern United States.
Marsh Wrens may be found clinging to reeds, each foot grabbing a different stalk, in wetlands. Although they’re difficult to detect, listen for singing among the reeds at dawn and dusk. Insects and spiders, which they capture on the ground near the water, are consumed.
Except for a tiny aperture at the top, Marsh Wren nests are entirely enclosed. Reeds and grasses are woven together to make them.
35. American Tree Sparrow
The best months to see American Tree Sparrow in Maryland are November through March, as they arrive in October and leave in April. On 1% of winter checklists, they are recorded.
Long-tailed brown-streaked fat birds with a rusty head, gray face, and a rusty eye line, American Tree sparrows are long-tailed brown fat birds.
- Spizelloides arborea
- Length: 5.5 in (14 cm)
- Weight: 0.5-1.0 oz (13-28 g)
- Wingspan: 9.4 in (24 cm)
In the United States, winter is spent by American Tree Sparrows, whereas summer is spent in Canada. Except along the Pacific and Gulf Coasts, they breed in Canada’s far north, Alaska, and migrate to most US states for the winter.
In weedy fields and beneath bird feeders, you may see American Tree Sparrows foraging in small groups.
Nests made of twigs, grass, and moss are typically found on or near the ground in areas with American Tree Sparrows. They laid five eggs, which hatch after around two weeks and fledge after around a week.
American Tree Sparrow nests are made of twigs, grass, and moss and are usually located on or near the ground. They lay five eggs, each of which takes approximately two weeks to develop and fledge, for a total of around two weeks.
Black oil sunflower seeds, nyjer, cracked corn, and millet are allsavoring attract American Tree Sparrows to your backyard platform feeders. Seeds dropped from tube feeders are also eaten by them.
36. Golden-crowned Sparrow
Throughout the winter, from December to April, Golden-crowned Sparrows may be seen around Queen Anne’s and Kent. They are considered uncommon or accidental in Maryland.
The underside of Golden-crowned Sparrows is grayish-brown, while the back is streaked brown. A bright-yellow forehead contrasts with their black crown.
In the winter, their crown colors are less vibrant, and their forehead yellow is also less vibrant.
- Zonotrichia atricapilla
- Length: 5.9-7.1 in (15-18 cm)
- Weight: 1.1-1.2 oz (30-33 g)
Before heading to the West Coast for winter, Golden-crowned Sparrows breed in Alaska and western Canada.
You can find Golden-crowned Sparrow in weedy fields scratching for seeds such as dock, sumac, and geranium. They also eat fruit such as apples, grapes, elderberry, and olives. Insects, such as ants, beetles, butterflies, and termites also make up some of their diets.
Golden-crowned Sparrow nestlets are generally constructed of twigs, moss, and leaves and are placed on the ground. Animal hair, grass, and feathers are used to line them.
Seed ground feeders with seeds or grow native plants that fruit to attract Golden-crowned Sparrows to your yard.
37. Spotted Towhee
In Maryland, Spotted Towhees are an accidental species. They were last seen near Fort McHenry National Monument and Historic Shrine, although not for a long time, and are very uncommon in the state.
In males, Spotted Towhees are black on the head, neck, and back, while in females they are brown. Males and females have white bellies, wings, and backs with long tails. They both have reddish-brown sides.
- Pipilo maculatus
- Length: 6.7-8.3 in (17-21 cm)
- Weight: 1.2-1.7 oz (33-49 g)
- Wingspan: 11.0 in (28 cm)
During the breeding season, Spotted Towhees move south to Texas from their western habitat.
Spotted Towhees, which include beetles, crickets, grasshoppers, caterpillars, wasps, and bees among the insects they hunt for on the ground in thick tangles of shrubs. Acorns, berries, and seeds are among the foods they consume.
Nests made of leaves, stems, and bark lined with softer material are commonly seen on or near the ground. They lay six eggs, which take two weeks to hatch and another ten days for the fledgling to fledge.
If you leave uncleared borders, spotted towhees will come to your yard for Black Oil Sunflower seeds, Hulled Sunflower seeds, Cracked Corn, Millet, and Milo. They’ll visit platform feeders or ground feeders.
38. Bewick’s Wren
In Maryland, Bewick’s Wrens are an uncommon species that has not been seen in several years. They are considered an accidental species.
Brown-backed birds with long gray upright tails with darker barring, Bewick’s Wrens are brown-backed. Gray bellies, with a white stripe across the eye.
- Thryomanes bewickii
- Length: 5.1 in (13 cm)
- Weight: 0.3-0.4 oz (8-12 g)
Bewick’s Wrens are found throughout the year in southern and western states, with a few migrations during the winter.
Bewick’s Wrens, hopping from branch to branch and flicking their long tails, can be found in scrub, thickets, and open woodland. Bees, bugs, caterpillars, and beetles are among the insects and larvae they consume.
Nests may be found on rock ledges, old woodpecker nests, nest boxes, and cracks in buildings. They’re cup-shaped and lined with a softer material, made of sticks and grasses. The eggs are laid in three to eight clusters and take two to two weeks to hatch.
Suet, mealworms, and hulled sunflower seeds will attract Bewick Wrens to your yard.
How Frequently Brown Birds Are Spotted In Maryland In Summer And Winter
Checklists are a great way to discover which birds are most frequently seen in your region. In Maryland, in both the summer and winter, these lists indicate which brown birds are most frequently seen on ebird checklists.
Brown Birds in Maryland in summer:
Northern Cardinal 66.6%
American Robin 52.5%
Mourning Dove 50.2%
Carolina Wren 49.0%
American Goldfinch 42.3%
Chipping Sparrow 33.7%
Common Yellowthroat 29.2%
House Sparrow 27.4%
Song Sparrow 26.6%
Great Crested Flycatcher 26.0%
House Finch 25.9%
Brown-headed Cowbird 25.5%
House Wren 22.0%
Wood Thrush 20.8%
Eastern Towhee 19.4%
Cedar Waxwing 15.4%
Northern Flicker 14.3%
Eastern Phoebe 13.4%
Brown Thrasher 11.1%
Field Sparrow 10.7%
White-throated Sparrow 7.5%
Louisiana Waterthrush 5.1%
Rose-breasted Grosbeak 3.0%
Swainson’s Thrush 2.9%
Northern Waterthrush 2.6%
Swamp Sparrow 2.4%
Marsh Wren 1.7%
Savannah Sparrow 1.3%
Hermit Thrush 0.7%
White-crowned Sparrow 0.6%
Purple Finch 0.5%
Brown Creeper 0.3%
Pine Siskin 0.2%
Winter Wren 0.1%
Spotted Towhee <0.1%
Bewick’s Wren <0.1%
Brown Birds in Maryland in winter:
Northern Cardinal 53.7%
White-throated Sparrow 45.5%
Carolina Wren 42.6%
Song Sparrow 33.8%
Mourning Dove 32.7%
House Finch 25.7%
American Robin 25.2%
American Goldfinch 24.4%
House Sparrow 21.5%
Northern Flicker 18.2%
Eastern Towhee 7.5%
Swamp Sparrow 6.6%
Hermit Thrush 6.1%
Brown Creeper 6.0%
Winter Wren 5.2%
Field Sparrow 4.7%
Brown-headed Cowbird 4.6%
Cedar Waxwing 4.4%
Savannah Sparrow 2.8%
Chipping Sparrow 2.2%
Brown Thrasher 2.1%
Purple Finch 1.8%
White-crowned Sparrow 1.8%
Pine Siskin 1.8%
Eastern Phoebe 1.5%
American Tree Sparrow 1.4%
Marsh Wren 0.2%
House Wren 0.2%
Common Yellowthroat 0.1%
Golden-crowned Sparrow 0.1%
Wood Thrush <0.1%
Louisiana Waterthrush <0.1%
Rose-breasted Grosbeak <0.1%
Northern Waterthrush <0.1%
Spotted Towhee <0.1%
Bewick’s Wren <0.1%