Warblers In Wisconsin (ID, Song, Season Guide)

Discover an informative handbook that will assist you in recognizing the various species of warblers that frequently appear in Wisconsin. Equipped with photo identification and detailed descriptions, as well as captivating audio recordings of their melodious songs and intriguing facts, this guide offers much more than meets the eye.

Warblers, those small migratory songbirds, embark on remarkable journeys spanning vast distances, from South America all the way up to their breeding grounds in Canada. These lively and brilliantly colored birds swiftly traverse from one habitat to another, their vibrant hues of yellow and green accompanied by a captivating symphony of diverse songs.

Known as wood-warblers, these North American songbirds primarily inhabit woodlands and forests, immersing themselves in the verdant beauty of these natural havens. However, be wary of experiencing what is humorously referred to as “warbler neck” – a stiff and tingling sensation in the neck caused by gazing upwards with binoculars, endeavoring to spot these elusive creatures amidst the trees.

Feasting predominantly on insects, warblers occasionally grace backyard feeders, enticed by the allure of seeds or succulent mealworms. While you explore the wealth of avian species that regularly visit Wisconsin, be sure to acquire a complimentary identification chart.

This comprehensive manual serves as an invaluable resource, aiding you in identifying the various warbler types that frequently grace Wisconsin’s landscape. Based on data collected from diligent bird watchers on ebird and avibase, it offers genuine insights into the optimal times for spotting these splendid birds.

Delve into the captivating realm of warbler songs with this guide, offering an auditory glimpse into the melodic symphonies of these avian virtuosos. Additionally, to facilitate your endeavors, you can consult a separate compendium that highlights 13 easily recognizable warbler songs.

Within the pages of this guide, you will find a detailed breakdown organized by season, presenting a captivating tableau of warblers residing in Wisconsin. Allow us to present the enchanting species that grace the state during the summer: Common Yellowthroat, Yellow Warbler, American Redstart, Ovenbird, Nashville Warbler, Chestnut-sided Warbler, Black-and-white Warbler, Black-throated Green Warbler, Northern Waterthrush, Pine Warbler, Blackburnian Warbler, Northern Parula, Blue-winged Warbler, Mourning Warbler, Golden-winged Warbler, Canada Warbler, Prothonotary Warbler, Hooded Warbler, Cerulean Warbler, Louisiana Waterthrush, and Yellow-breasted Chat.

As the seasons shift, Wisconsin becomes a bustling thoroughfare for warbler migration. During this period, keep a keen eye out for the following transient species: Yellow-rumped Warbler, Palm Warbler, Magnolia Warbler, Tennessee Warbler, Blackpoll Warbler, Wilson’s Warbler, Cape May Warbler, Orange-crowned Warbler, Bay-breasted Warbler, Black-throated Blue Warbler, and Connecticut Warbler.

A magnificent array of 32 warbler species graces the picturesque landscapes of Wisconsin. Allow us to introduce the first nine:

Table of Contents

1. Common Yellowthroat

In Wisconsin, the Common Yellowthroat frequently graces the breeding season, arriving in May and commencing its migration in October. This charming species features in approximately 34% of summer checklists.

The Common Yellowthroat, a small songbird, boasts a brownish back coupled with a vibrant yellow underside, complete with an elegantly elongated tail. Notably, the males sport distinctive black masks across their faces. It is worth noting that the geographical variation may result in a more olive hue beneath their vibrant plumage.

Scientific name: Geothlypis trichas
Length: 4.3-5.1 in (11-13cm)
Weight: 0.3-0.3 oz (9-10 g)
Wingspan: 5.9-7.5 in (15-19 cm)

Throughout the summer, Common Yellowthroats breed extensively across North America, with the exception of Alaska and northern Canada. Some populations remain year-round along the Gulf Coast and Pacific Southwest before embarking on their southward migration for the winter.

Frequently found in marshy or wetland areas and brushy fields, Common Yellowthroats find solace amidst dense, entangled vegetation.

Delight in the melodic strains of the Common Yellowthroat’s captivating song.

Credit: Paul Marvin, XC629250. Accessible at www.xeno-canto.org/629250.

Female Common Yellowthroats diligently construct their nests near the ground, often relying on reeds for support. Woven from grass and sedges, the nests rest upon a platform of leaves and grass. They lay up to six eggs, which incubate for approximately twelve days, followed by a similar duration until the young fledge.

Create an inviting haven for Common Yellowthroats in your spacious backyard, flourishing with verdant vegetation and native plants that attract insects.

Fun Fact: The presence of a black mask on a male Common Yellowthroat signals its gender to courting males, leading to territorial disputes with perceived intruders. Interestingly, the males do not engage in such confrontations when the “intruder” lacks a mask.

2. Yellow-rumped Warbler

While Yellow-rumped Warblers breed predominantly in northern Wisconsin, they make their presence known throughout the state during migration. They feature on 14% of summer checklists and can be observed on up to 41% of checklists during migratory periods.

Distinguished by their gray plumage adorned with flashes of yellow on the face, sides, and rump, Yellow-rumped Warblers showcase elegant white wings. Female individuals may exhibit a slightly brown hue, while winter birds radiate paler shades of brown, with their rumps and sides adorned in resplendent yellow, transitioning back to gray and yellow in the spring.

Scientific name: Setophaga coronata
Length: 4.7-5.5 in (12-14 cm)
Weight: 0.4-0.5 oz (12-13 g)
Wingspan: 7.5-9.1 in (19-23 cm)

Yellow-rumped Warblers primarily breed in Canada, nestled amidst the Rockies, and the Appalachian mountains. During migration, they grace the Midwest before embarking on their winter sojourn in the southern and southwestern United States, the Pacific Coast, Mexico, and Central America.

These charming birds inhabit coniferous forests, particularly during the breeding season. In winter, they favor open areas dotted with fruiting shrubs. Their dietary preferences align with insects during the summer and migration, while winter sees them relishing various fruits, including bayberry and wax myrtle.

Immerse yourself in the delightful melody of the Yellow-rumped Warbler’s song.

Credit: Christopher McPherson, XC602699. Accessible at www.xeno-canto.org/602699.

Female Yellow-rumped Warblers adeptly fashion their nests within conifer trees, employing twigs, pine needles, and grass, all meticulously woven together. The nests boast a soft lining composed of grass, moss, and hair. Approximately six eggs are laid, with an incubation period of two weeks and an additional fortnight until the young venture beyond the nest.

Entice Yellow-rumped Warblers to your backyard with a delectable spread of sunflower seeds, suet, raisins, and peanut butter.

Fun Fact: Yellow-rumped Warblers often congregate in flocks numbering

in the thousands during the winter months. In their fervent defense of personal space, they display aggression towards any species that encroaches upon their territory.

3. Yellow Warbler

From April to October, Yellow Warblers grace Wisconsin, engaging in the breeding season. These delightful creatures account for approximately 26% of summer checklists.

Yellow Warblers present as petite birds adorned in vivid shades of yellow, accentuated by a yellow-green back. Male individuals exhibit chestnut streaks on their breasts, while females and juveniles possess a milder coloration bereft of streaks.

Scientific name: Setophaga petechia
Length: 4.7-5.1 in (12-13 cm)
Weight: 0.3-0.4 oz (9-11 g)
Wingspan: 6.3-7.9 in (16-20 cm)

Embarking on arduous migratory journeys, Yellow Warblers traverse vast distances, breeding in Canada and the United States (excluding southeastern states), and subsequently wintering in Central and South America. However, they make their presence known during migration in southeastern states.

Thriving along streams, wetlands, and the edges of fields, Yellow Warblers diligently forage for insects, including caterpillars, midges, beetles, bugs, and wasps.

Experience the mellifluous cadence of the Yellow Warbler’s enchanting song.

Credit: Richard E. Webster, XC662546. Accessible at www.xeno-canto.org/662546.

Crafted by females, Yellow Warbler nests rest within small trees or shrubs, meticulously woven from bark, grass, and plant material. These nests find stability through spider webs and feature a cup-like structure lined with softer materials such as hair, feathers, and plant down.

Yellow Warblers lay up to seven eggs, which hatch after twelve days of incubation, followed by an additional ten days until the fledglings venture forth from the nest.

Elevate your backyard’s allure to entice Yellow Warblers with delectable offerings of suet, oranges, peanut butter, and berry-bearing plants. Embrace the beauty of native plants that beckon insects while eschewing pesticides and an overly pristine environment. Enchanting birdbaths adorned with fountains nestled amidst secluded plantings provide essential protection.

Fun Fact: Yellow Warblers contend with the parasitic nature of Cowbirds, which often deposit their eggs in the warblers’ nests. Unperturbed, Yellow Warblers respond by constructing a new nest on top of the intruding eggs, restarting the breeding process up to six times!

4. American Redstart

The breeding season witnesses the arrival of American Redstarts in Wisconsin, enchanting birdwatchers from mid-April to November. These captivating birds feature on 18% of summer checklists.

Dressed predominantly in black plumage, American Redstarts display vibrant orange patches and a white underbelly. Female individuals exhibit an olive-gray hue in lieu of the males’ striking black attire, accompanied by dashes of yellow.

Scientific name: Setophaga ruticilla
Length: 4.3-5.1 in (11-13 cm)
Weight: 0.2-0.3 oz (6-9 g)
Wingspan: 6.3-7.5 in (16-19 cm)

Eastern United States states and Canada serve as the primary breeding grounds for American Redstarts, while northwestern US states witness a smaller population. During migration, these enchanting birds traverse central and western US states.

American Redstarts exhibit a predilection for deciduous woodlands, where they actively pursue insects. They also venture into backyards and thickets to partake in the consumption of berries such as serviceberry and magnolia.

Savor the melodious symphony of the American Redstart’s song, characterized by a descending pitch.

Credit: Nick Kiehl, XC522368. Accessible at www.xeno-canto.org/522368.

Nests fashioned by American Redstart females are nestled in trees or large shrubs, proximate to the trunk. These nests showcase a meticulous construction of bark, grass, and various plant materials. Approximately five eggs are laid, with an incubation period of just under two weeks, followed by a week or two until the young venture beyond the confines of the nest.

Invite American Redstarts to your backyard by offering an array of enticing delicacies, including berry-laden plants such as magnolia and serviceberry.

Fun Fact: American Redstart parents selectively distribute nourishment, choosing to feed specific chicks rather than tending to the entire brood simultaneously.

5. Ovenbird

During the breeding season in Wisconsin, Ovenbirds emerge, featuring on 16% of summer checklists. Their arrival commences in April, with migration resuming in October.

Ovenbirds, with their olive-green backs and black-and-white spotted undersides, may seem less flamboyant compared to their warbler counterparts.

Scientific name: Seiurus aurocapilla
Length: 4.3-5.5 in (11-14 cm)
Weight: 0.6-1.0 oz (16-28 g)
Wingspan: 7.5-10.2 in (19-26 cm)

Breeding grounds for Ovenbirds encompass northeastern United States states, Canada, the Midwest, and northwestern Canada. Eastern United States states bear witness to their migratory presence. During the winter, these resilient birds seek solace in Florida, Mexico, Central America, northern South America, and the Caribbean.

Thriving amidst forests, Ovenbirds diligently scour leaf litter on the forest floor, foraging for insects.

Immerse yourself in the delightful chorus of the Ovenbird’s song.

Credit: Christopher McPherson, XC602036. Accessible at www.xeno-canto.org/602036.

Ovenbird nests typically find haven on the ground, as females construct a dome-like structure woven from leaves, grass, bark, and other plant materials. An entrance adorns the side of the nest, while animal hair provides a cozy lining. Approximately five eggs are laid, requiring up to two weeks for hatching, followed by an additional ten days until the young venture forth.

Fun Fact: Ovenbirds derive their name from the distinctive shape of their nests, reminiscent of a traditional Dutch oven.

6. Nashville Warbler

Spot the Nashville Warbler in Wisconsin during summer, gracing the state from April to October, with a few individuals lingering until December. However, these enchanting birds are most prevalent during the spring migration, accounting for 22% of checklists during this period.

Nashville Warblers exhibit a predominantly yellow plumage, sporting a green back and gray head adorned with a white eye-ring. While males boast a strikingly yellow belly and chest, females and juveniles present a milder coloration. Distinctive white bellies stand out between their yellow breasts and under their tails.

Scientific name: Leiothlypis ruficapilla
Length: 4.3-5.1 in (11-13 cm)
Weight: 0.2-0.5 oz (6.7-13.9 g)
Wingspan: 6.7-7.9 in (17-20 cm)

Nashville Warblers breed in northeastern United States states and Canada, with a smaller population residing in northwestern United States states and British Columbia. Migratory journeys render them visible across most states.

Scrubby habitats and low deciduous forests serve as favored haunts for Nashville Warblers, where they adeptly hunt for insects.

Relish the enchanting melody of the Nashville Warbler’s song.

Credit: Peter Ward and Ken Hall, XC512262. Accessible at www.xeno-canto.org/512262.

Nashville Warbler nests find sanctuary near the ground, meticulously constructed from bark, moss, and grass, woven into a cup-like structure. Pine needles, soft grass, and animal hair provide a comfortable lining. Approximately five eggs are laid, requiring twelve days for incubation and an additional ten days until the young take their inaugural flight.

Entice Nashville Warblers to your backyard during winter, in the southern United States states, by offering suet as a delectable treat.

Fun Fact: Nashville Warblers embark on their maiden migratory journey along the Atlantic Coast, but subsequent migrations veer inland.

7. Palm Warbler

The Palm Warbler dons a distinctive appearance with a rusty red patch atop its head and a brown-olive coloration covering its body. Western individuals showcase whiter bellies, while breeding season males and females exhibit similar appearances. Non-breeding birds exhibit duller crowns.

Scientific name: Setophaga palmarum
Length: 4.7-5.5 in (12-14 cm)
Weight: 0.3-0.5 oz (7-13 g)
Wingspan: 7.9-8.3 in (20-21 cm)

Predominantly breeding in Canada, Palm Warblers make appearances during migration in eastern United States states. Some individuals find respite in Florida and along the southeastern coast during the winter months.

Palm Warblers can be observed during their spring and fall migration, as they frequent weedy fields, forest edges, and scrubby areas. They often mingle with other bird species like Sparrows, Juncos, and Yellow-rumped Warblers, while foraging on the ground for insects.

Immerse yourself in the delightful melody of the Palm Warbler’s song.

Credit: Richard E. Webster, XC189604. Accessible at www.xeno-canto.org/189604.

Nests of Palm Warblers are nestled within bogs and boreal forests, constructed on the ground. These nests consist of grass, sedge, and ferns intricately woven into a cup shape and lined with soft grass, feathers, and animal hair. The average clutch size consists of around five eggs.

Attract Palm Warblers to your backyard by cultivating native plants that entice insects. Additionally, consider planting bayberry or hawthorn for their enticing berries.

Fun Fact: Unlike many other warblers, Palm Warblers exhibit a unique behavior of walking on the ground while bobbing their tails, a distinct foraging style in search of insects.

8. Chestnut-sided Warbler

Northern Wisconsin hosts the breeding season for Chestnut-sided Warblers, while their migratory presence graces the rest of the state. They are recorded on 11% of summer checklists and up to 22% during the spring migration.

Distinguished by their bright yellow crowns, black masks, and gray undersides with chestnut streaks, male Chestnut-sided Warblers exude captivating charm. In winter, males transition into green and white plumage, resembling breeding females.

Scientific name: Setophaga pensylvanica
Length: 4.7-5.5 in (12-14 cm)
Weight: 0.4-0.5 oz (10.7-14.3 g)
Wingspan: 7.5-8.3 in (19-21 cm)

Chestnut-sided Warblers breed in northeastern United States states and southeastern Canada, making appearances during migration across eastern United States states.

Forest edges, thickets, and areas undergoing regeneration following fires, logging, or floods are favored habitats for Chestnut-sided Warblers. These vibrant birds eagerly hunt for insects in such environments.

Listen to the captivating melody of the Chestnut-sided Warbler’s song.

Credit: Christopher McPherson, XC600739. Accessible at www.xeno-canto.org/600739.

Nests of Chestnut-sided Warblers are constructed in trees and shrubs close to the ground. Bark, weeds, and grass intricately woven into a cup shape form the nest, which is lined with softer materials. The average clutch consists of up to five eggs, which hatch after twelve days of incubation. The young remain in the nest for approximately eleven days before venturing out.

Fun Fact: Chestnut-sided Warblers exhibit a preference for regenerating forests and seek new breeding grounds once forests have regenerated for around ten years.

9. Black-and-white Warbler

While Black-and-white Warblers spend the breeding season in Wisconsin, their numbers surge during migration. They appear on 10% of summer checklists and up to 19% during the spring migration.

Distinguished by their striped appearance, Black-and-white Warblers are easily recognizable. Males exhibit a prominent black patch across their eyes and cheeks, boasting a darker black hue compared to females.

Scientific name: Mniotilta varia
Length: 4.3-5.1 in (11-13 cm)
Weight: 0.3-0.5 oz (8-15 g)
Wingspan: 7.1-8.7 in (18-22 cm)

Black-and-white Warblers breed in the eastern United States and Canada, while their winter destinations include Florida, the Gulf Coast, Mexico, Baja California, the Caribbean, and northern South America. They can be observed during migration across central United States states.

These agile birds traverse tree trunks and branches with remarkable dexterity, foraging for insects amidst forests.

Indulge in the captivating melody of the Black-and-white Warbler’s song.

Credit: Christopher McPherson, XC600300. Accessible at www.xeno-canto.org/600300.

Nests of Black-and-white Warblers are concealed close to or on the ground, often under logs or shrubs. Composed of bark, grass, and pine needles intricately woven together, these nests provide a cozy cup-like structure. An average clutch consists of approximately five eggs.

10. Black-throated Green Warbler

Black-throated Green Warblers grace Wisconsin during summer, enchanting observers from April to mid-November. They are recorded on 8% of summer checklists during this period.

Adorned in vibrant yellow plumage with a yellow face and head, accompanied by an olive-yellow back, Black-throated Green Warblers captivate the eye. Black streaks on their sides and wings contrast with their whitish underbellies. Males exhibit a striking black throat, while breeding females possess a smaller black throat patch.

Scientific name: Setophaga virens
Length: 4.3-4.7 in (11-12 cm)
Weight: 0.3-0.4 oz (7-11 g)
Wingspan: 6.7-7.9 in (17-20 cm)

During their extensive migratory journeys, Black-throated Green Warblers traverse eastern United States states to reach their breeding grounds in northeastern United States states and Canada. For the winter, they seek refuge in Mexico, northern South America, and the Caribbean.

These delightful warblers can be spotted high up in forests, where they actively pursue insects. The black throat serves as a distinguishing feature, setting them apart from other small yellow birds.

Experience the melodious cadence of the Black-throated Green Warbler’s song.

Credit: Paul Driver, XC187636. Accessible at www.xeno-canto.org/187636.

Nests of Black-throated Green Warblers are nestled in small trees near the trunk. These nests comprise twigs, bark, and spiders’ webs, intricately woven together and lined with moss, feathers, and animal hair. The average clutch size consists of approximately four eggs, which hatch after twelve days of incubation. The young leave the nest within ten days.

Invite Black-throated Green Warblers to your backyard by fostering the growth of mature trees.

Fun Fact: Male Black-throated Green Warblers exhibit an impressive repertoire of over 400 songs per hour. They engage in a unique “gloating” flight display after chasing away rivals.

11. Magnolia Warbler

The Magnolia Warbler, with its distinctive black and yellow plumage, is a frequent visitor to Wisconsin during spring and fall migration. Some individuals even choose to spend their breeding season in the northern parts of the state.

Scientific name: Setophaga magnolia
Length: 4.3-5.1 in (11-13 cm)
Weight: 0.2-0.5 oz (6-15 g)
Wingspan: 6.3-7.9 in (16-20 cm)

These warblers can be easily recognized by their black and yellow appearance. Males exhibit black streaking forming a “necklace” on their necks, extending down to their bellies. Females, on the other hand, have a grayer back and lack the distinctive streaking.

Magnolia Warblers breed across Canada and northeastern US states, and can be observed during migration in the eastern United States. During the winter, they migrate to Mexico, Central America, and the Caribbean.

Magnolia Warblers can be found on low branches in forests or parks, making them relatively easier to spot during migration. They primarily feed on insects and spiders.

Listen to the delightful song of the Magnolia Warbler.

Credit: Peter Ward and Ken Hall, XC512264. Available at www.xeno-canto.org/512264.

Nests of Magnolia Warblers are loosely constructed using grass and weeds, and they are often built close to the trunk of conifer trees. The average clutch size is around four eggs, which take about twelve days to hatch. After hatching, the young birds will leave the nest after approximately nine days.

To attract Magnolia Warblers to your backyard, consider planting native shrubs and trees that provide resting places for them during migration.

Fun Fact: Male Magnolia Warblers engage in a unique flight display called “gloating” to chase away rivals.

12. Tennessee Warbler

During migration, Tennessee Warblers can be spotted in Wisconsin from May to October, with sightings recorded on up to 16% of checklists.

Scientific name: Leiothlypis peregrina
Length: 3.9-5.1 in (10-13 cm)
Weight: 0.3-0.3 oz (8-10 g)
Wingspan: 7.5-7.9 in (19-20 cm)

Tennessee Warblers are characterized by their gray heads, green backs, and pale whitish underbellies. Males have a white eyestripe, while females have a yellow eyestripe. Both genders possess white undersides of their tails.

These warblers undertake long migratory journeys, traveling from Central America up to Canada. During migration, they can be observed across eastern US states.

Tennessee Warblers are commonly found feeding on caterpillars in trees and shrubs within woodlands.

Listen to the melodious song of the Tennessee Warbler.

Credit: Christopher McPherson, XC444969. Available at www.xeno-canto.org/444969.

Nests of Tennessee Warblers are often hidden among moss or tree roots, constructed using grass and weeds. The average clutch size consists of around six eggs, with an incubation period of approximately twelve days. After hatching, it takes another ten days for the young birds to leave the nest.

An interesting fact about Tennessee Warblers is that their name is misleading, as they do not breed or spend much time in Tennessee. They were named after the place where they were first observed.

13. Northern Waterthrush

Northern Waterthrushes are present in Wisconsin from April to mid-November, appearing on approximately 5% of summer checklists. They spend the breeding season in the northern regions of the state and migrate across the rest of Wisconsin.

Scientific name: Parkesia noveboracensis
Length: 5.75 inches (15 cm)
Weight: 0.8 oz (23 g)
Wingspan: 8.75 inches (22 cm)

Northern Waterthrushes are relatively large, thrush-like birds. Both males and females exhibit similar traits, featuring brown heads with thick, white eyebrows, dark brown backs, and white bellies with heavy streaking from their throats to their rumps.

Breeding of Northern Waterthrushes occurs in Canada, Alaska, and northeastern US states. They can be observed during migration in the eastern United States. Some individuals may remain in Central and South America throughout the year.

These warblers can be found in dark, woody swamps, thickets, and bogs. They have an affinity for still or sluggish water within forests, and are often spotted in mangroves during winter in the tropics.

Northern Waterthrushes display both aquatic and terrestrial foraging behaviors. With their long legs, they can walk on shallow water while searching for water beetles, mosquitoes, slugs, crustaceans, snails, and even small fish. They also feed on caterpillars, moths, and ants, which they find under leaves.

Listen to the beautiful song of the Northern Waterthrush.

Credit: Jeff Dyck, XC416169. Available at www.xeno-canto.org/416169.

Nests of Northern Waterthrushes are typically located in hollows or crevices near water. They may be found in moss-covered stumps or under jutting banks, but are often concealed among ferns. Females construct the nests using moss, twigs, pine needles, bark strips, and roots. The average clutch size ranges from three to six eggs, which are incubated solely by the female for about two weeks.

A fascinating behavior of Northern Waterthrushes is their preference for walking rather than hopping. While walking, they bob their tails, creating an appearance of being off-balance.

14. Pine Warbler

Pine Warblers can be observed in Wisconsin during the summer months, particularly from April to mid-October. They appear on approximately 4% of checklists during this period.

Pine Warblers are small, plump yellow birds with olive backs, white lower bellies, and gray wingbars. Females may appear slightly browner and have more white on their bellies.

Scientific name: Setophaga pinus
Length: 5.1-5.5 in (13-14 cm)
Weight: 0.3-0.5 oz (9-15 g)
Wingspan: 7.5-9.1 in (19-23 cm)

These warblers breed in northeastern US states before migrating to southeastern US states. However, some individuals remain in the southeastern regions throughout the year.

Pine Warblers prefer pine forests, as suggested by their name, and are often found high up in the trees. Their diet primarily consists of caterpillars, beetles, spiders, and other insects and larvae. During colder weather, they may also consume fruit and seeds.

Listen to the delightful song of the Pine Warbler.

Credit: Christopher McPherson, XC602052. Available at www.xeno-canto.org/602052.

Nests of Pine Warblers, as expected, are built within pine trees. They are constructed using twigs, bark, pine needles, and grass, bound together with spider silk. The nest’s interior is lined with feathers and animal hair. A typical clutch consists of up to five eggs, which take around two weeks to hatch. The young birds leave the nest after approximately ten days.

To attract Pine Warblers to your yard, consider using tube feeders and platform feeders with millet, cracked corn, sunflower seeds, peanut hearts, and suet. Additionally, planting native fruit-bearing trees and vines such as bayberry, grape, sumac, and Virginia creeper can provide further enticement.

A unique characteristic of Pine Warblers is their preference for seeds, making them more likely to visit backyard feeders compared to other warbler species.

15. Blackburnian Warbler

Blackburnian Warblers spend the breeding season in Wisconsin and can be observed on approximately 4% of summer checklists. They are mainly spotted from April to October.

Blackburnian Warbler males exhibit a striking black and orange coloration. They have black backs and wings, orange throats and face markings, and white with black streaks on their bellies. Females are yellower in appearance. Both genders possess distinct dark triangles on each side of their faces, near their eyes.

Scientific name: Setophaga fusca
Length: 4.3-4.7 in (11-12 cm)
Weight: 0.3-0.4 oz (8.9-12.6 g)
Wingspan: 7.9-9.1 in (20-23 cm)

Blackburnian Warblers, like many warbler species in North America, can be observed during migration in eastern US states. They breed in Canada and northeastern US states, with some individuals possibly breeding as far south as Virginia or North Carolina. During winter, they migrate to South America.

These warblers are primarily found in woods and forests, where they actively hunt for caterpillars. However, their preference for the upper regions of trees often makes them challenging to spot, as they remain hidden by leaves.

Listen to the beautiful song of the Blackburnian Warbler.

Credit: Hal Mitchell, XC317904. Available at www.xeno-canto.org/317904.

Nests of Blackburnian Warblers are situated high up in conifer trees. They are constructed using twigs, bark, and plant material, secured to branches with spider silk. The nest’s interior is lined with softer materials such as moss, grass, hair, and needles. The average clutch size is around four eggs, which hatch in just under two weeks.

An interesting fact about Blackburnian Warblers is their acrobatic behavior during territory defense. They chase rivals by flying in loops, descending at high speeds in a whirling motion, and raising and spreading their tails.

16. Northern Parula

Northern Parulas are observed in northern Wisconsin during the summer months, appearing on approximately 4% of checklists. They are mainly spotted from April to September, with a few individuals lingering until November.

Northern Parulas exhibit a colorful contrast of blueish-gray and yellow. They have bluish-gray backs with a yellow patch and two white wingbars.

Scientific name: Setophaga americana
Length: 4.3-4.7 in (11-12 cm)
Weight: 0.2-0.4 oz (5-11 g)
Wingspan: 6.3-7.1 in (16-18 cm)

Migratory patterns of Northern Parulas include breeding in eastern US states and southeastern Canada before migrating to Central America and the Caribbean for winter. Some individuals may choose to spend the winter in southern Florida.

These warblers can be found foraging on insects high up in deciduous forests.

Listen to the enchanting song of the Northern Parula.

Credit: Christopher McPherson, XC599828. Available at www.xeno-canto.org/599828.

Nests of Northern Parulas are made in long clumps of lichen and moss that hang from branches. To spot them, simply look up at large clusters of hanging moss during the summer.

To attract Northern Parulas to your backyard, consider planting native trees and shrubs, especially those that bear berries. Additionally, leaving brush piles can create insect-friendly areas.

An intriguing behavior of Northern Parulas is that females take charge of rearing the young, including incubating the eggs and feeding the hatchlings. Males, on the other hand, sing and assist by removing fecal sacs.

17. Blue-winged Warbler

Blue-winged Warblers can be found in Wisconsin from April to October, and they are recorded on approximately 4% of summer checklists.

Blue-winged Warblers are named for their bluish-gray wing coloration. Adults exhibit a yellow-green hue on their upperparts, with a distinctive black eyeline extending across the eye, giving them an intense appearance. Their breasts and bellies are predominantly bright yellow, with females displaying a slightly paler shade.

Scientific name: Vermivora cyanoptera
Length: 4.75 inches (12 cm)
Weight: 0.3 oz (9 g)
Wingspan: 6.75-7.5 inches (17-19 cm)

These warblers breed in the midwest and central US states and can be observed during migration in southern states as they journey to their wintering grounds in Mexico, Central America, and the Caribbean.

Blue-winged Warblers typically inhabit abandoned, brushy fields and pastures, forest edges, and thickets. They prefer higher elevation areas with abundant grass and canopy cover.

Their diet primarily consists of insects and spiders found in various plants and trees. They are known to hang upside down from branches, carefully inspecting leaves for insect larvae to feed their young.

Listen to the melodious song of the Blue-winged Warbler.

Credit: Christopher McPherson, XC598819. Available at www.xeno-canto.org/598819.

Nests of Blue-winged Warblers are often situated on the ground, within thick bushes or the undergrowth. These cup-shaped nests are constructed using dead leaves. Females lay four to seven eggs, which are incubated for approximately 12 days.

A fascinating fact about Blue-winged Warblers is their tendency to hybridize with Golden-winged Warblers, resulting in Brewster’s and Lawrence’s Warblers.

18. Blackpoll Warbler

Blackpoll Warblers are near-threatened species in Wisconsin, observed during migration from May to June and from August to mid-November.

Male Blackpoll Warblers exhibit streaked black-and-white plumage with a black cap and white cheeks. Females also possess black-and-white markings but lack the black cap and white cheeks.

Interestingly, their appearance changes drastically during late summer as they molt into a yellow plumage with darker streaking on the back.

Scientific name: Setophaga striata
Length: 5.5 in (14 cm)
Weight: 0.4-0.5 oz (12-13 g)
Wingspan: 8.3-9.1 in (21-23 cm)

Blackpoll Warblers breed in Canada and can be observed during spring migration in the eastern United States. During fall, they embark on a remarkable non-stop flight over the Atlantic Ocean to their wintering grounds in South America and the Caribbean.

These warblers can be found in forests, where they primarily feed on spiders and insects. During the fall, they also consume fruit such as honeysuckle and pokeberry.

Listen to the captivating song of the Blackpoll Warbler.

Credit: Christopher McPherson, XC598813. Available at www.xeno-canto.org/598813.

Nests of Blackpoll Warblers are typically located near the trunks of fir trees. They are constructed using twigs and lichen, woven together by the female. The nest’s interior is lined with grass and animal hair. The average clutch size is up to five eggs, which require approximately twelve days to hatch. The young birds leave the nest after ten days.

An astonishing fact about Blackpoll Warblers is their impressive migration. In the fall, they undertake a non-stop flight across the Atlantic Ocean from their breeding grounds to South America. However, during spring migration, they stop in the Caribbean and fly over land.

19. Mourning Warbler

Mourning Warblers can be found in Wisconsin during the summer, typically from May to mid-October, and are observed on approximately 3% of checklists during this time.

The Mourning Warbler closely resembles the MacGillivray’s Warbler, making it challenging to distinguish between the two. The key difference lies in their eyerings—Mourning Warblers lack a visible eyering, while MacGillivray’s Warblers have white, crescent-shaped eyerings.

Male Mourning Warblers feature dark gray heads, necks, and distinct black chests. Females have a lighter gray head without a black chest patch. Both genders possess olive backs, wings, and yellow bellies.

Scientific name: Geothlypis philadelphia
Length: 5.25 inches (13 cm)
Weight: 0.5 oz (14 g)
Wingspan: 8.25 inches (21 cm)

Mourning Warblers breed in northeastern US states, around the Great Lakes, and southern Canada before embarking on migration across eastern US states to Central America and northwestern South America.

These warblers are often found in dense thickets resulting from forest disturbances like fires, storms, or logging activities. They also frequent blackberry shrubs and areas with a thick understory or dense canopies.

Mourning Warblers forage on the ground and branches, feeding on insect larvae, caterpillars, beetles, and spiders. They may also consume fruit from the Cecropia tree.

Listen to the captivating song of the Mourning Warbler.

Credit: Paul Driver, XC659255. Available at www.xeno-canto.org/659255.

Nests of Mourning Warblers are typically concealed on the ground among dense shrubs and thickets. They are constructed using leaves, weeds, and grasses, lined with animal hair. The female lays three to five eggs, which she incubates for around twelve days.

The Mourning Warbler derives its name from its gray hood and black chest, giving the appearance of being in mourning.

20. Wilson’s Warbler

Wilson’s Warblers migrate across Wisconsin primarily in May and September.

Wilson’s Warblers are small, round yellow warblers with a large black cap in males and a smaller black cap in females.

Scientific name: Cardellina pusilla
Length: 3.9-4.7 in (10-12 cm)
Weight: 0.2-0.3 oz (5-10 g)
Wingspan: 5.5-6.7 in (14-17 cm)

These warblers breed in Canada, Alaska, and northwestern US states, but they can be observed across all US states during migration. They spend their winters in Mexico, Central America, and the Caribbean.

Wilson’s Warblers are commonly found along streams in thickets and near forest edges, where they forage for insects, larvae, and spiders.

Listen to the cheerful song of the Wilson’s Warbler.

Credit: Thomas G. Graves, XC561438. Available at www.xeno-canto.org/561438.

Nests of Wilson’s Warblers are well-hidden on the ground near trees or shrubs. They are constructed using leaves and sedges as a base, woven together with grass, bark, moss, and other plant materials. The nest’s interior is lined with soft grass and animal hair. The average clutch size is around five eggs, which hatch in approximately eleven days. After a further ten days, the young birds leave the nest.

To attract Wilson’s Warblers to your backyard, consider planting native trees and shrubs. However, they do not typically visit feeders.

A noteworthy behavior of Wilson’s Warblers is their ability to distract potential nest predators. They pretend to have a broken wing, luring the predator away before swiftly flying off.

21. Golden-winged Warblers

Wisconsin hosts the near-threatened Golden-winged Warblers during their breeding season in the north of the state. These striking and attractive birds have distinguishing features such as yellow crowns, black bills and throats, and white heads. Their whitish-gray bodies lack patterns but are adorned with yellow wing patches.

Female Golden-winged Warblers exhibit similar patterns but with a duller coloring and grayish heads instead of white. Juvenile males resemble adult males with white heads, but they share the females’ subdued coloration.

Scientific name: Vermivora chrysoptera
Length: 4.75 – 5 inches (12 – 13 cm)
Weight: 0.3 oz (9 g)
Wingspan: 7.75 – 8.25 inches (20 – 21 cm)

Golden-winged Warblers breed in the Midwest and extend to the Atlantic Coast. During migration, they traverse eastern US states en route to Mexico, Central America, and South America.

These warblers prefer “early successional habitats” like abandoned fields, pastures, and shrubby areas within evergreen forests as their breeding grounds. They have a penchant for foraging in hanging dead leaves found in regenerating forest communities, where they feed on insects, spiders, caterpillars, and the like. They occasionally exhibit the acrobatic behavior of hanging upside down from branches to feast on larvae or pupae.

Indulge in the melodious song of the Golden-winged Warbler.

Credit: Paul Driver, XC658548. Available at www.xeno-canto.org/658548.

Nests of Golden-winged Warblers are often hidden low in bushes or concealed cup nests on the ground. Constructed using bark, grass, and other plant materials, the nests are lined with soft fur. Female warblers lay four to seven eggs and diligently incubate them for approximately ten days.

An intriguing fact about Golden-winged Warbler parents is their clever tactic of using decoy feeding grounds to confuse humans and protect their young.

22. Canada Warblers

During summer, Canada Warblers can be observed in Wisconsin from May to mid-October, making appearances on around 2% of checklists during this period.

Canada Warblers closely resemble Magnolia Warblers and share a similar range. However, their distinguishing features include grayish-black backs and a black “necklace” in males, which does not extend over their bellies but covers their chests. They boast yellow chests, bellies, and throats.

Females and immature Canada Warblers exhibit similar patterns but with paler coloration and a less prominent “necklace.”

Scientific name: Cardellina canadensis
Length: 4.7-5.9 in (12-15 cm)
Weight: 0.3-0.5 oz (9-13 g)
Wingspan: 6.7-8.7 in (17-22 cm)

Canada Warblers breed in Canada and northeastern US states. During migration, they traverse the eastern half of the United States before spending winters in western South America.

These warblers can be found in conifer forests filled with rhododendron, aspen, and poplar trees during their breeding season. They diligently forage for insects and spiders in their preferred habitats.

Listen to the melodious song of the Canada Warbler.

Credit: Peter Ward and Ken Hall, XC512275. Available at www.xeno-canto.org/512275.

Nests of Canada Warblers are typically woven into cups near the ground in shrubs or ferns. Constructed using grass, bark, leaves, and other plant materials, the nests provide a cozy and secure environment. Female warblers lay up to six eggs, which take around twelve days to hatch, followed by eight more days before the young birds venture out of the nest.

A fascinating fact about Canada Warblers is their impressive travel capability, covering over 3000 miles each way during migration from their winter to summer grounds.

23. Cape May Warblers

During migration, Cape May Warblers are primarily spotted in Wisconsin, while a few individuals spend the breeding season in the northern part of the state.

Male Cape May Warblers exhibit distinctive features with chestnut cheeks, dark caps, and a yellow ring around the neck. Their yellow-olive backs are mottled, and they possess yellow underparts adorned with dark streaks. These warblers possess unique tiger stripes on their chests and a dark crown, setting them apart from other warbler species. Female and immature Cape May Warblers display less vibrant coloring and lack the head pattern seen in males.

Scientific name: Setophaga tigrina
Length: 4.7-5.1 in (12-13 cm)
Weight: 0.4-0.5 oz (10.2-15.2 g)
Wingspan: 7.9-8.7 in (20-22 cm)

Cape May Warblers breed in Canada, passing over eastern US states during migration. They spend winters in the Caribbean, as well as a narrow coastal area spanning the Yucatan Peninsula and Central America.

These warblers can be found in spruce forests during their breeding season, while they can be spotted in various habitats during migration, particularly near woodland edges and scrub areas where insects are plentiful.

Cape May Warblers primarily feed on spruce budworms during the summer season. However, in winter, they diversify their diet to include fruit and nectar, occasionally visiting hummingbird feeders.

Listen to the captivating song of the Cape May Warbler.

Credit: Andrew Spencer, XC103509. Available at www.xeno-canto.org/103509.

Nests of Cape May Warblers are built high up in spruce trees, often near the trunk. Constructed with twigs, pine needles, bark, and held together by spider silk, the nests are lined with soft materials such as animal hair and feathers. Female warblers lay up to nine eggs, initiating a waiting period of about twelve days for the eggs to hatch.

Attract Cape May Warblers to your backyard by incorporating native shrubs and trees that attract insects. They might also visit for fruit and hummingbird feeders.

A delightful fact about Cape May Warblers is that they possess specially adapted tongues shaped to lap up nectar, curving into a tube-like structure.

24. Orange-crowned Warblers

Orange-crowned Warblers can be observed in Wisconsin during spring and fall migration, with May and October being the most common months for sightings, appearing on up to 5% of checklists during this time.

Orange-crowned Warblers, with their yellow-olive coloring, are not as vibrant as other warbler species. However, their Pacific Coast populations exhibit a more pronounced yellow hue. Their orange crowns, though seldom visible, are distinctive. Male and female Orange-crowned Warblers share similar appearances, while juveniles possess grayer plumage.

Scientific name: Leiothlypis celata
Length: 4.3-5.5 in (11-14 cm)
Weight: 0.3-0.4 oz (7-11 g)
Wingspan: 7.5 in (19 cm)

Orange-crowned Warblers breed in Canada and western US states, embarking on migration journeys that encompass most US states, except the northeastern region. They spend winters in Mexico, Central America, and the Caribbean.

These warblers can be found in shrubs and low vegetation, particularly favoring open woodlands as their breeding grounds. They

predominantly feed on spiders and insects such as caterpillars and flies. Additionally, they have been known to consume fruit, berries, and seeds, occasionally paying visits to backyard feeders.

Listen to the enchanting song of the Orange-crowned Warbler.

Credit: Paul Marvin, XC671865. Available at www.xeno-canto.org/671865.

Nests of Orange-crowned Warblers are situated near or on the ground, constructed with dead leaves, twigs, and stems, and lined with soft grass and animal hair. Female warblers lay up to six eggs, marking the beginning of a roughly two-week incubation period.

Attract Orange-crowned Warblers to your yard by providing suet and peanut butter or setting up hummingbird feeders filled with sugar water nectar.

An intriguing fact about these warblers is their tendency to drink from the sapwells created by sapsuckers and woodpeckers.

25. Bay-breasted Warblers

Bay-breasted Warblers can be observed migrating across Wisconsin and are most commonly seen in May and September. They appear on approximately 6% of checklists during migration.

Male Bay-breasted Warblers display gray and black streaks on their backs, accompanied by reddish-brown crowns and breasts. Their underparts are white, and they possess black faces with a distinctive white patch behind their eyes. However, during the fall molt, their appearance changes and becomes similar to that of Blackpoll Warblers.

Female Bay-breasted Warblers share similarities with males but exhibit less reddish-brown coloring and lack the black facial markings when in breeding plumage. Non-breeding females and juveniles display yellowish-green heads, necks, and upper backs.

Scientific name: Setophaga castanea
Length: 5.5 in (14 cm)
Weight: 0.3-0.6 oz (10-17 g)
Wingspan: 7.9-8.7 in (20-22 cm)

Bay-breasted Warblers breed in Canada and can be observed migrating across eastern US states. They spend their winters in South America.

These warblers are primarily found in spruce and fir forests during the breeding season, where they feed on spruce budworms. During migration, they can be spotted in various forest types, exhibiting a flexible habitat preference. In winter, they diversify their diet by consuming berries.

Listen to the melodious song of the Bay-breasted Warbler.

Credit: Paul Driver, XC184374. Available at www.xeno-canto.org/184374.

Nests of Bay-breasted Warblers are mainly constructed by females on lower branches of spruce or fir trees. The nests are woven from twigs, bark, and held together with spider silk. The female warblers lay up to seven eggs, initiating a hatching period of approximately twelve days.

A fascinating fact about Bay-breasted Warblers is their incredible capacity to consume over 10,000 budworms per hectare in just 40 days, and their nest numbers increase during budworm outbreaks.

26. Black-throated Blue Warblers

Black-throated Blue Warblers are typically spotted during migration in Wisconsin, appearing on around 3% of checklists during these times.

Male Black-throated Blue Warblers exhibit a striking deep blue coloration on their backs, contrasting with their white underparts. They stand out among the predominantly yellow warbler species. In contrast, females possess a more plain grayish-olive appearance.

Scientific name: Setophaga caerulescens
Length: 4.3-5.1 in (11-13 cm)
Weight: 0.3-0.4 oz (8-12 g)
Wingspan: 7.5-7.9 in (19-20 cm)

Black-throated Blue Warblers breed in northeastern US states and Canada. During migration, they can be observed flying over eastern US states before wintering in Central America and the Caribbean.

These warblers prefer lower areas of deciduous forests, shrubby regions, and even visit backyard environments in search of spiders, flies, and caterpillars.

Listen to the captivating song of the Black-throated Blue Warbler.

Credit: Étienne Leroy, XC415422. Available at www.xeno-canto.org/415422.

Nests of Black-throated Blue Warblers are concealed within dense shrubs, constructed with bark, grass, and other plant materials held together with spider silk and saliva. The nest is lined with animal hair and pine needles. Female warblers lay up to five eggs, with an incubation period of two weeks, followed by ten days for the young to leave the nest.

An interesting factabout these warblers is that they actively listen for males singing after the breeding season, as the presence of singing males indicates successful breeding territories, while unsuccessful males refrain from singing.

27. Prothonotary Warblers

Prothonotary Warblers are not commonly found in Wisconsin, but they spend their breeding season in the southern part of the state from April to August.

Prothonotary Warblers are characterized by their vibrant yellow plumage, with blue-gray wings and tails. They are relatively large compared to other warbler species and possess thick black beaks. Females have a less intense coloration than males.

Scientific name: Protonotaria citrea
Length: 5.1 in (13 cm)
Weight: 0.44 oz (12.5 g)
Wingspan: 8.75 in (22 cm)

Prothonotary Warblers breed in eastern US states and migrate to Mexico, Central America, and the Caribbean for the winter.

These warblers can be found near streams and wet woodlands, where they forage for spiders, insects, and snails. During winter, they broaden their diet to include fruit and seeds.

Listen to the melodious song of the Prothonotary Warbler.

Credit: Matt Wistrand, XC565451. Available at www.xeno-canto.org/565451.

Nests of Prothonotary Warblers are typically built in abandoned woodpecker nest holes near water sources. The male warblers add moss to the holes, and then the female constructs a cup-shaped nest using grass, leaves, and other plant materials.

They lay up to seven eggs, which require approximately two weeks to hatch. The young warblers then spend an additional ten days in the nest before leaving.

To attract Prothonotary Warblers to your backyard, consider providing nest boxes if you reside near wet areas.

An intriguing fact about Prothonotary Warblers is that their name is derived from the bright yellow robes, known as “prothonotaries,” worn by members of the Roman Catholic Church. These warblers received their name due to their resemblance to the vibrant yellow color of the robes.

28. Hooded Warblers

Hooded Warblers, while not very common in Wisconsin, can be observed during the summer months in the southern part of the state.

Male Hooded Warblers are adorned with a bright yellow face and a distinctive black hood and throat. Their upperparts showcase an olive-green color, while their underparts are yellow. A notable feature is the white under-tail that becomes visible when they flick their tails upwards. Females, on the other hand, have a more subdued appearance compared to males.

Scientific name: Setophaga citrina
Length: 5.1 in (13 cm)
Weight: 0.3-0.4 oz (9-12 g)
Wingspan: 6.9 in (17.5 cm)

Hooded Warblers breed in eastern US states and subsequently migrate south to Central America and the Caribbean for the winter.

These warblers can be found in forests with dense understory, where they actively forage for insects and spiders.

Listen to the beautiful song of the Hooded Warbler.

Credit: Matt Wistrand, XC425019. Available at www.xeno-canto.org/425019.

Nests of Hooded Warblers are typically situated near forests and clearings, built within shrubs. The nests are crafted from bark, grass, and other plant materials, skillfully woven into a cup-like structure. Female warblers lay approximately four eggs, which require around twelve days to hatch. The young birds remain in the nest for about nine days before venturing out.

To attract Hooded Warblers to your backyard, consider incorporating native shrubs and plants that attract insects and provide protective cover.

A fascinating fact about Hooded Warblers is that they possess white spots on their tails, which are believed to startle insects, making it easier for the warblers to capture their prey.

29. Cerulean Warblers

Cerulean Warblers, listed as near-threatened species, spend their breeding season in Wisconsin from May to September.

Male Cerulean Warblers are small songbirds with striking blue heads, adorned by a black band around their necks. Their backs and sides display a captivating blue coloration with black streaks, while their throats, breasts, and bellies are white. Notably, they possess two white wing bars. In contrast, females showcase a bluish-green hue with yellow eyebrows and a yellowish tinge on their underparts. Females lack the streaks found on the backs of males. Juveniles exhibit an olive coloration, but they retain the yellow eyebrows and the distinctive white double wing bars.

Scientific name: Setophaga cerulea
Length: 4.5 – 5 inches (11 – 13 cm)
Weight: 0.3 oz (9 g)
Wingspan: 7.5 inches (19 cm)

Cerulean Warblers breed in the Midwest, extending to the east coast, and can be observed during migration across southeastern states as they make their way to their wintering grounds in South America.

These warblers primarily inhabit mature forests with deciduous trees, particularly those with large leaves. During migration, they tend to migrate towards forested mountains.

Cerulean Warblers mainly forage within trees, capturing insects in flight or searching for prey such as caterpillars and spiders among the leaves and branches.

Listen to the enchanting song of the Cerulean Warbler.

Credit: Christopher McPherson, XC600735. Available at www.xeno-canto.org/600735.

Nests of Cerulean Warblers are cup-shaped and typically located in higher horizontal branches of trees. They are often constructed using bark strips, spider silk, and grass, lined with softer materials like moss and animal fur. Female warblers lay three to five eggs, which incubate for approximately thirteen days.

A captivating fact about Cerulean Warblers is that when females exit their nests, they descend to the ground, mimicking a falling leaf before swiftly opening their wings and taking flight near the ground.

30. Louisiana Waterthrushes

Louisiana Waterthrushes, while not frequently encountered in Wisconsin, can be found during the breeding season from April to September, with a greater likelihood of sightings during the spring months from mid-April to May.

Louisiana Waterthrushes possess a rather drab appearance compared to other warblers. They exhibit a brown coloration on their upperparts and a pale hue on their underparts. Notable features include a white eyebrow stripe and long pink legs.

Scientific name: Parkesia motacilla
Length: 5.9-6.1 in (15-15.5 cm)
Weight: 0.6-0.8 oz (18.2-22.9 g)
Wingspan: 9.4-10.6 in (24-27 cm)

Louisiana Waterthrushes breed in eastern US states and can be spotted in the southeastern regions during migration. They spend the winter in Mexico, Central America, and the Caribbean, returning to their breeding grounds in early spring.

These warblers prefer habitats near streams and moving water within woodlands, where they actively search for insects, vertebrates, and larvae.

Listen to the captivating song of the Louisiana Waterthrush.

Credit: Christopher McPherson, XC691609. Available at www.xeno-canto.org/691609.

Nests of Louisiana Waterthrushes are often hidden in shrubs, concealed amidst roots or under logs. The nest construction involves utilizing grass, leaves, and plant materials skillfully woven into a cup-like structure. The nest is lined with softer materials such as moss and animal hair. These warblers lay up to six eggs, which require approximately eleven days to hatch.

To attract Louisiana Waterthrushes to your yard, consider incorporating suet and peanut butter or installing hummingbird feeders filled with sugar water nectar.

An intriguing fact about Louisiana Waterthrushes is that they can be distinguished from Northern Waterthrushes by their larger bills and their preference for running water habitats, while Northern Waterthrushes exhibit a preference for still water environments.

31. Connecticut Warblers

Connecticut Warblers are spotted during migration in Wisconsin, particularly in May and September. However, they are not commonly observed in the region.

Male Connecticut Warblers feature gray heads and throats, accompanied by white eye-rings. Their backs and wings exhibit an olive-green color, while their bellies are yellow. In contrast, females possess lighter coloring, with olive-brown heads and backs, a whitish throat, and a yellow belly. Non-breeding females and juveniles showcase yellowish-green heads, necks, and upper backs. These individuals also display prominent streaks on their sides, along with the distinctive white double wing bars.

Scientific name: Oporornis agilis
Length: 5.5 inches (14 cm)
Weight: 0.5 oz (14 g)
Wingspan: 8.75 in (22 cm)

Connecticut Warblers breed in southern Canada and the northern Great Lakes region. During migration, they traverse the Midwest and extend southwards, reaching Florida before ultimately wintering in South America.

Connecticut Warblers are typically found in remote areas, such as bogs with deciduous woods consisting of poplar, spruce, tamarack, or aspen. During migration, they tend to favor low, wet woods and damp thickets.

These warblers are known for their skulking behavior, spending their time foraging under dense or low leafy vegetation. They employ various feeding techniques, including catching insects in flight and meticulously searching for prey such as spiders, snails, and caterpillars among the forest floor and branches.

Listen to the unique song of the Connecticut Warbler.

Credit: Paul Driver, XC658532. Available at www.xeno-canto.org/658532.

Nests of Connecticut Warblers are constructed using grass and are often concealed within thick clumps of moss. Female warblers lay three to five eggs, which require around twelve days of incubation.

A fascinating fact about Connecticut Warblers is that they exhibit different migratory routes, making it challenging for scientists to gather extensive knowledge about their behavior and migration patterns.

32. Yellow-breasted Chats

Yellow-breasted Chats, while not commonly observed in Wisconsin, have been spotted during the summer season, particularly in the southern part of the state.

Yellow-breasted Chats display vibrant yellow breasts and possess long tails. Their upperparts showcase an olive-gray coloration, while their heads exhibit a gray hue with distinct white eye and chin markings. The lower belly of these warblers is white in appearance.

Scientific name: Icteria virens
Length: 7.1 in (18 cm)
Weight: 0.8-1.1 oz (23-31 g)
Wingspan: 9.8 in (25 cm)

Yellow-breasted Chats breed across a wide range of US states, extending into southern Canada. During the winter months, they migrate southwards, spending the season in Central America and coastal regions of Mexico.

These warblers are commonly found in blackberry bushes, fields, and forest edges, where they actively forage for spiders, insects, and berries.

Listen to the unique song of the Yellow-breasted Chat.

Credit: Peter Ward and Ken Hall, XC512276. Available at www.xeno-canto.org/512276.

Nests of Yellow-breasted Chats are skillfully constructed within shrubs, utilizing grass, leaves, and plant materials woven into a cup-like structure. Interestingly, Brown-headed Cowbirds often exploit their nests by laying their eggs, effectively relying on the Yellow-breasted Chats to raise their own chicks alongside their offspring.

These warblers lay up to six eggs, which require approximately eleven days to hatch. Once hatched, the young birds spend up to ten days in the nest before taking their first flights.

A fascinating behavior exhibited by male Yellow-breasted Chats is their grappling fights, where they engage with their feet while displaying a dramatic flight pattern accompanied by singing. This display concludes with a distinctive thump of their wings, showcasing their unique nature.

Discovering the Frequency of Warbler Sightings in Wisconsin Throughout Summer and Winter

Unveiling the occurrence of warblers in Wisconsin during the warm and chilly seasons can be accomplished through a collection of bird-spotting checklists. These comprehensive records exhibit the warbler species that are most commonly observed on ebird checklists in the state’s summer and winter months.

Summer Warblers in Wisconsin:

The Common Yellowthroat takes the lead at 34.0%.
The Yellow-rumped Warbler follows at 14.2%.
The Yellow Warbler claims a percentage of 26.7%.
An 18.0% representation is held by the American Redstart.
The Ovenbird boasts a presence of 16.6%.
A portion of 11.3% is occupied by the Nashville Warbler.
The Palm Warbler secures 8.5%.
At 11.5%, the Chestnut-sided Warbler makes its mark.
The Black-and-white Warbler is recorded at 10.0%.
The Black-throated Green Warbler holds 8.3%.
A modest 5.7% is attributed to the Magnolia Warbler.
The Tennessee Warbler claims 4.4%.
The Northern Waterthrush occupies 5.2%.
A 4.8% representation is claimed by the Pine Warbler.
The Blackburnian Warbler asserts 4.6%.
A portion of 4.1% is held by the Northern Parula.
The Blue-winged Warbler takes 4.4%.
A modest 2.6% is recorded for the Blackpoll Warbler.
The Mourning Warbler accounts for 3.8%.
A presence of 3.1% is attributed to both Wilson’s Warbler and the Golden-winged Warbler.
The Canada Warbler registers 2.5%.
The Cape May Warbler claims 2.0%.
Orange-crowned Warbler is observed at 1.7%.
A modest 1.6% is attributed to the Bay-breasted Warbler.
The Black-throated Blue Warbler records 1.1%.
The Prothonotary Warbler claims 1.0%.
Hooded Warbler holds 0.9%.
The Cerulean Warbler captures 0.8%.
A mere 0.4% presence is attributed to the Louisiana Waterthrush.
The Connecticut Warbler is spotted at 0.2%.
Both the Yellow-breasted Chat and the Cape May Warbler claim 0.2%.

Winter Warblers in Wisconsin:

The Yellow-rumped Warbler claims a minute 0.4%.
Orange-crowned Warbler records less than 0.1%.
The Common Yellowthroat is also less than 0.1%.
Pine Warbler shows less than 0.1% representation.
The Cape May Warbler is recorded as less than 0.1%.
Nashville Warbler is less than 0.1%.
Northern Waterthrush is less than 0.1%.
The Palm Warbler is less than 0.1%.
Ovenbird shows less than 0.1% presence.
The Black-throated Blue Warbler is less than 0.1%.
Yellow Warbler is less than 0.1%.
American Redstart represents less than 0.1%.
The Tennessee Warbler records less than 0.1%.
Wilson’s Warbler is less than 0.1%.
The Yellow-breasted Chat is also less than 0.1%.

Methods to Attract Warblers to Your Backyard

While warblers may not be frequent visitors to backyard feeders like other melodious song birds, there exist techniques to entice these charming creatures to your premises:

For those fortunate enough to possess a spacious yard, the provision of trees serves as an appealing draw.
To create a favorable environment for insect friends, refrain from excessive tidiness and leave brush piles undisturbed.
Adopt an approach that avoids using pesticides or herbicides, ensuring an ample supply of insects while safeguarding the birds from consuming harmful substances.
Supply a clean water source, acting as an alluring feature for warblers.
Consider offering mealworms, preferably live ones, although dried alternatives are acceptable.
Enhance your bird feeders by incorporating sunflower seeds, peanut hearts, and suet.