During the spring and summer months in Manitoba, the arrival of warblers brings with it a common sight: yellow birds. However, once winter sets in, the number of yellow bird species dwindles. Fear not, though, for this comprehensive guide is here to assist you in identifying the yellow birds you spot in Manitoba. It provides you with pictures, identification details, song recordings, and migration patterns.
In Manitoba, the majority of yellow birds are warblers, orioles, and blackbirds, and occasionally you may come across female birds that look remarkably different from their male counterparts.
To make the process of identifying yellow birds easier, this guide presents them in order of their frequency of sightings in Manitoba during the spring and summer months, specifically May and June, as reported in ebird checklists.
Let’s embark on this journey of discovery and identify those marvelous yellow birds you’ve encountered.
Manitoba’s Summer Yellow Birds:
1. American Goldfinch
For identifying American Goldfinches, refer to the provided pictures. These bright and colorful birds are a common sight in southern Manitoba from May to September, although a few may choose to stay throughout the year. Summer checklists from bird watchers indicate that they are recorded in 26% of sightings, while winter checklists only show 1%.
Notably, American Goldfinches have gained popularity, particularly due to the vibrant yellow and black plumage of males during the spring. However, it’s important to note that females and males in winter exhibit a duller appearance, with the females being more brown.
To assist you further, here are some key details about American Goldfinches:
– Length: 4.3-5.1 inches (11-13 cm)
– Weight: 0.4-0.7 ounces (11-20 g)
– Wingspan: 7.5-8.7 inches (19-22 cm)
These goldfinches can be found across most of North America and tend to be year-round residents. However, those breeding in Canada and the Midwest migrate to southern US states for the winter.
When searching for American Goldfinches, keep an eye on weedy fields, overgrown areas, suburbs, parks, and even your own backyard. These delightful birds often forage for sunflower, thistle, and aster plants.
Listen to the cheerful song of the American Goldfinch, which can be heard throughout its habitat.
When it comes to nesting, American Goldfinches prefer shrubs and construct their nests using rootlets and woven plant materials. The nests are secured to branches with spider webs. They lay up to seven eggs, which take about two weeks to hatch. The young typically leave the nest within two to two and a half weeks.
To attract American Goldfinches to your backyard, consider planting thistles and milkweed. Additionally, they are known to visit most bird feeders and have a preference for sunflower seeds and nyjer seeds.
Interesting fact: Due to their vegetarian diet, American Goldfinches are not successful in raising cowbird chicks, which require a different type of nourishment. As a result, the cowbird chicks perish within a few days.
2. Yellow-rumped Warbler
Take a moment to appreciate the provided pictures of Yellow-rumped Warblers. These captivating birds can be observed in Manitoba during the breeding season. While they are present throughout the year, their numbers increase during migration in April to May and September to October. Summer checklists indicate that they are recorded in 20% of sightings, while checklists during migration report percentages as high as 42%.
Yellow-rumped Warblers exhibit gray coloring with delightful flashes of yellow on their faces, sides, and rumps. Additionally, their wings feature distinct patches of white.
It’s worth noting that females may display a slightly brownish hue, and winter birds adopt paler brown tones with bright yellow rumps and sides, which transition back to yellow and gray during spring.
To assist in identification, here are the essential details about Yellow-rumped Warblers:
– Length: 4.7-5.5 inches (12-14 cm)
– Weight: 0.4-0.5 ounces (12-13 g)
– Wingspan: 7.5-9.1 inches (19-23 cm)
Yellow-rumped Warblers predominantly breed in Canada, parts of the Rockies, and the Appalachian mountains. During migration, they can be spotted in the Midwest. For the winter season, they migrate to southern and southwestern US states, the Pacific Coast, Mexico, and Central America.
When seeking Yellow-rumped Warblers, keep an eye on coniferous forests, particularly during the breeding season. In winter, they can be found in open areas with fruiting shrubs. These warblers primarily feed on insects during the summer and shift their diet to fruit, including bayberry and wax myrtle, during migration and winter.
Take a moment to listen to the enchanting song of the Yellow-rumped Warbler.
When it comes to nesting, females of this species construct their nests using twigs, pine needles, and grass. The nests are lined with soft grass, moss, and hair. They lay up to six eggs, which hatch in approximately two weeks, with the young departing the nest within two weeks thereafter.
To attract Yellow-rumped Warblers to your backyard, consider providing sunflower seeds, suet, raisins, and peanut butter.
Interesting fact: During winter, Yellow-rumped Warblers form flocks numbering in the thousands, and they can be quite territorial and aggressive towards other species that come too close.
3. Yellow Warbler
The Yellow Warbler is one of the most frequently observed yellow birds in Manitoba during the breeding season. They grace the skies from May to September and are present in 27% of summer checklists.
As you admire the provided pictures, you’ll notice that Yellow Warblers are small, bright yellow birds with yellow-green backs. Males showcase chestnut streaks on their breasts, while females and juveniles have a less vibrant appearance.
For successful identification, familiarize yourself with the following details:
– Length: 4.7-5.1 inches (12-13 cm)
– Weight: 0.3-0.4 ounces (9-11 g)
– Wingspan: 6.3-7.9 inches (16-20 cm)
Yellow Warblers embark on long-distance migrations to breed in Canada and the United States (excluding southeastern states), before heading back to Central and South America for winter. However, during migration, they can be spotted in southeastern US states.
To locate Yellow Warblers, explore areas along streams, wetlands, thickets, and field edges, as these are their preferred foraging grounds for insects, including caterpillars, midges, beetles, bugs, and wasps.
Take a moment to listen to the charming song of the Yellow Warbler.
When nesting, Yellow Warblers prefer small trees or shrubs. They construct their nests using bark, grass, and plant materials woven together, securely fastened with spider webs to form a cup-shaped structure. The nests are then lined with softer materials like hair, feathers, and plant down. Yellow Warblers typically lay up to seven eggs, with an incubation period of approximately twelve days, followed by the young leaving the nest within ten additional days.
To attract Yellow Warblers to your backyard, provide suet, oranges, peanut butter, and plants with berries. Opt for native plants that attract insects without the use of pesticides, and allow your yard to have a natural, uncluttered appeal. Additionally, consider setting up birdbaths with fountains near secluded planting areas to provide protection.
Interesting fact: When Yellow Warblers detect cowbird eggs in their nests, they build new nests on top of the old ones and start afresh, a behavior they can repeat up to six times.
4. Western Meadowlark
During the summer months, Manitoba welcomes the vibrant presence of Western Meadowlarks, primarily from March to October in the southern part of the province. They are observed in 16% of summer checklists.
Take a moment to appreciate the provided pictures of Western Meadowlarks. These birds boast bright yellow bellies and a melodious song that can uplift your spirits.
Western Meadowlarks belong to the blackbird family and bear a resemblance in size to the Robin. Their bodies exhibit shades of brown and white on the upperparts, and a distinguishing black V-shaped band adorns their bright yellow chests, transitioning to gray during winter.
To aid in identification, here are the pertinent details about Western Meadowlarks:
– Length: 6.3-10.2 inches (16-26 cm)
– Weight: 3.1-4.1 ounces (89-115 g)
– Wingspan: 16.1 inches (41 cm)
Western Meadowlarks that breed in northern US states and Canada migrate to more southern states for winter. However, those residing in the western and midwestern regions remain throughout the year.
To spot Western Meadowlarks, explore grasslands, meadows, and fields, where they often forage on the ground either alone or in small flocks. They typically avoid wooded areas and dense shrubby vegetation.
In terms of diet, Western Meadowlarks consume insects and seeds. Their food preferences shift depending on the season, with a focus on insects during summer and an inclination towards seeds and grains during winter.
Listen to the pleasant series of tweets, warbles, and whistles emitted by Western Meadowlarks.
Take a moment to watch the provided video and experience the beautiful whistles and warbles of this songbird.
When nesting, Western Meadowlarks create depressions in the ground within grasslands. These depressions are filled with soft materials such as grass and may even feature a roof made from grass and plant stalks.
To attract Western Meadowlarks to your backyard, offer sunflower seeds and cracked corn.
Interesting fact: Western Meadowlarks have been designated as the state bird for six US states.
5. Common Yellowthroat
As you venture through Manitoba during the summer season, keep an eye out for Common Yellowthroats. They make appearances from mid-April to October and are present in 15% of summer checklists.
Common Yellowthroats are small songbirds characterized by their brownish backs and vibrant yellow undersides. They possess long tails, and the males showcase black masks across their faces. However, it’s essential to note that the brightness of their yellow plumage can vary geographically, and their undersides may exhibit more olive tones in certain regions.
To facilitate identification, here are the key details about Common Yellowthroats:
– Length: 4.3-5.1 inches (11-13 cm)
– Weight: 0.3-0.3 ounces (9-10 g)
– Wingspan: 5.9-7.5 inches (15-19 cm)
Common Yellowthroats spend their summers breeding across most of North America, excluding Alaska and northern Canada. Some individuals remain along the Gulf Coast and Pacific Southwest throughout the year. Following the breeding season, they embark on a southward migration.
To locate Common Yellowthroats, explore marshy or wetland areas and brushy fields, as they thrive in thick, tangled vegetation.
Immerse yourself in the song of the Common Yellowthroat.
Nests of Common Yellowthroats are built near the ground in marshy areas, supported by reeds. Constructed from grass and sedges, the nests rest on a platform of leaves and grass. Common Yellowthroats typically lay up to six eggs, with an incubation period of approximately twelve days. The young birds leave the nest within one to two weeks.
To attract Common Yellowthroats to your backyard, provide ample dense vegetation and native plants that attract insects.
Interesting fact: The black mask of Common Yellowthroats serves as a visual signal to courting males, who may become territorial and attack fake birds. However, they do not display aggression when the bird lacks a mask.
6. Cedar Waxwing
Throughout Manitoba’s breeding season, you may catch a glimpse of Cedar Waxwings, primarily from June to September. However, a few individuals remain in the area throughout the year. They are observed in 10% of summer checklists.
Admire the elegance of Cedar Waxwings in the provided pictures. These sociable birds feature pale brown heads, chests, and crests, which gradually transition to gray on their backs, wings, and tail. Their bellies adopt a pale yellow hue, and their wingtips boast a striking shade of bright red. Moreover, they possess a narrow black mask around their eyes.
To aid in identification, here are the relevant details about Cedar Waxwings:
– Length: 5.5-6.7 inches (14-17 cm)
– Weight: 1.1 ounces (32 g)
– Wingspan: 8.7-11.8 inches (22-30 cm)
Cedar Waxwings breed in Canada before migrating to the southern United States, Mexico, and Central America for winter. They are year-round residents in northern US states.
To spot Cedar Waxwings, explore areas with berry bushes, woodlands, grasslands, towns, and streams. These birds predominantly feed on fruit, although they also consume insects during the summer season.
Take a moment to listen to the distinctive call of the Cedar Waxwing.
Witness the enchanting calls of Cedar Waxwings through the provided audio recording.
Nests of Cedar Waxwings are constructed in trees using twigs, grass, hair, and plant materials. They are lined with pine needles and soft grass. A typical clutch contains up to six eggs, with an incubation period of about twelve days. The young birds leave the nest within approximately sixteen days.
To attract Cedar Waxwings to your backyard, consider planting native trees and shrubs that yield small fruits like serviceberry, dogwood, juniper, winterberry, and hawthorn. You can also provide fruit on platform feeders.
Interesting fact: Cedar Waxwings engage in the act of gift-giving during courtship, passing objects between potential mates.
7. American Redstart Female
When exploring Manitoba during the summer season, keep an eye out for the female American Redstart. They grace the region from May to mid-October and appear in 10% of checklists during this time.
As you observe the provided picture, you’ll notice that male American Redstarts boast a predominantly black plumage adorned with bright orange patches and a white belly. Conversely, females feature an olive-gray coloration instead of black, with numerous yellow patches.
To assist in identification, here are the relevant details about the female American Redstart:
– Length: 4.3-5.1 inches (11-13 cm)
– Weight: 0.2-0.3 ounces (6-9 g)
– Wingspan: 6.3-7.5 inches (16-19 cm)
American Redstarts breed in eastern US states, Canada, and northwestern US states. They can also be observed during migration in central and western US states.
To locate American Redstarts, explore deciduous woodlands where they feed on insects. They can also be found in backyards and thickets, where they indulge in berries like serviceberry and magnolia.
Take a moment to immerse yourself in the melodious song of the American Redstart.
Nests of American Redstarts are situated close to the trunk of trees or in large shrubs. Constructed from bark, grass, and other plant materials, the nests are lined with pine needles and soft grass. American Redstarts typically lay up to five eggs, with an incubation period of just under two weeks. The young birds leave the nest within a week or two.
To attract American Redstarts to your backyard, provide berry plants such as magnolia and serviceberry.
Interesting fact: When feeding their young, American Redstart parents selectively feed certain chicks rather than uniformly distributing food.
8. Baltimore Oriole Female
During the summer season, Baltimore Orioles make their presence known in southern Manitoba, primarily from May to October. They can be spotted in 11% of checklists during this time.
Baltimore Orioles serve as a colorful harbinger of spring in the eastern regions of North America. Adult males showcase bright orange and black plumage, adorned with white wing bars on their black wings.
Females, on the other hand, exhibit yellowish undersides and heads, with wings displaying shades of gray-brown. In terms of size, they are similar to Robins but possess a more slender physique. Baltimore Orioles belong to the blackbird family.
To identify Baltimore Orioles, familiarize yourself with the following details:
– Length: 6.7-7.5 inches (17-19 cm)
– Weight: 1.1-1.4 ounces (30-40 g)
– Wingspan: 9.1-11.8 inches (23-30 cm)
Baltimore Orioles breed in eastern and central US states, including central-southern Canadian provinces and areas along the southern US border. For winter, they migrate to Florida, Central America, and the Caribbean, often departing as early as July.
You can find Baltimore Orioles inhabiting open woodlands, riverbanks, forest edges, and parks, foraging on insects and fruit. Although they consume a wide variety of fruits, Baltimore Orioles can cause damage to crops such as raspberries, mulberries, cherries, bananas, and oranges. They primarily feed on insects like beetles, crickets, grasshoppers, spiders, and snails.
Listen to the flute-like sounds emitted by Baltimore Orioles, which serve as one of the delights of spring. They also produce chattering and sharp alarm calls.
Take a moment to appreciate the captivating sounds of Baltimore Orioles through the provided audio recording.
To attract Baltimore Orioles to your backyard, provide oranges cut in half on a platform feeder or hang them from trees. Consider using oriole feeders filled with sugar water. Additionally, planting fruiting plants and nectar-producing plants such as raspberries, crab apples, and trumpet vines can entice these birds to visit.
Interesting fact: Baltimore Orioles construct intricate hanging bag-like nests woven from various fibers.
9. Yellow-headed Blackbird
From April to October, you may encounter Yellow-headed Blackbirds in Manitoba, with a few individuals lingering until December. They are observed in 8% of summer checklists.
Yellow-headed Blackbirds are striking birds with glossy black bodies, vibrant yellow heads and chests, and white patches on their wings (visible in males). Females exhibit a brown coloration instead of black, with a less vibrant yellow head. These birds are larger than Red-winged Blackbirds.
To facilitate identification, here are the relevant details about Yellow-headed Blackbirds:
– Length: 8.3-10.2 inches (21-26 cm)
– Weight: 1.6-3.5 ounces (44-100 g)
– Wingspan: 16.5-17.3 inches (42-44 cm)
Yellow-headed Blackbirds breed in western and prairie wetlands, constructing nests among reeds. They forage across surrounding wetlands, grasslands, and fields, primarily feeding on insects during the summer season.
Following the breeding period, Yellow-headed Blackbirds embark on a migration to fields and farmland in southwestern US states and Mexico. They form large flocks during winter.
Yellow-headed Blackbirds primarily feed on insects during the summer and shift to seeds and grains during winter.
Take a moment to listen to the distinctive screeching buzz accompanied by musical notes produced by Yellow-headed Blackbirds.
Immerse yourself in the captivating sounds of Yellow-headed Blackbirds through the provided audio recording.
Nests of Yellow-headed Blackbirds are created by weaving long, wet stems together, attaching them to cattails or reeds over the water. These nests are typically lined with grass and can accommodate 2-5 eggs. The incubation period lasts for approximately two weeks, and the young birds fledge within a week or two.
To attract Yellow-headed Blackbirds to your yard, offer sunflower seeds.
Interesting fact: Yellow-headed Blackbirds flip over stones to flush out insects, demonstrating their hunting technique.
10. Orange-crowned Warbler
Manitoba’s summer season brings forth the presence of Orange-crowned Warblers from April to October, observed in 7% of checklists during this time.
Orange-crowned Warblers don’t possess the vibrant colors typically associated with warblers. Their yellow-olive plumage, which leans more towards yellow on the Pacific Coast, lacks prominent orange crowns.
To facilitate identification, here are the relevant details about Orange-crowned Warblers:
– Length: 4.3-5.5 inches (11-14 cm)
– Weight: 0.3-0.4 ounces (7-11 g)
– Wingspan: 7.5 inches (19 cm)
Orange-crowned Warblers breed in Canada, western US states, and migrate to the Pacific, East, and Gulf Coasts, as well as Mexico. During migration, they can be observed in all US states except the northeastern region.
To locate Orange-crowned Warblers, search among shrubs and low vegetation. While they thrive in open woodlands during the breeding season, they often feed on insects and visit backyards and gardens.
Take a moment to appreciate the pleasant song of the Orange-crowned Warbler.
Immerse yourself in the delightful song of the Orange-crowned Warbler through the provided audio recording.
Nests of Orange-crowned Warblers are situated near or on the ground and constructed using dead leaves, twigs, stems, and soft grass. The nests are then lined with pine needles and animal hair. A typical clutch consists of up to six eggs.
To attract Orange-crowned Warblers to your backyard, provide suet, peanut butter, or hummingbird feeders filled with sugar water nectar.
Interesting fact: Orange-crowned Warblers have been observed drinking from the sapwells created by sapsuckers and woodpeckers.
11. Nashville Warblers
During the breeding season in Manitoba, from May to October, you can spot Nashville Warblers, appearing in 7% of summer checklists.
Nashville Warblers display yellow plumage underneath with white lower bellies, complemented by a greenish-yellow back and a gray head featuring a white eyering. While males sport more vibrant colors, females and juveniles exhibit a less intense brightness.
Scientific name: Leiothlypis ruficapilla
Length: 4.3-5.1 inches (11-13 cm)
Weight: 0.2-0.5 ounces (6.7-13.9 g)
Wingspan: 6.7-7.9 inches (17-20 cm)
Nashville Warblers breed in northeastern US states, Canada, and also have a smaller population in northwestern US states and British Columbia. During migration, they can be observed across most US states. In winter, they primarily spend their time in Mexico.
These warblers favor scrubby habitats and low deciduous forests where they hunt for insects.
Listen to the melodic song of the Nashville Warbler.
Immerse yourself in the enchanting song of the Nashville Warbler through the provided audio recording.
Nashville Warbler nests are discreetly hidden in shrubs close to the ground. Constructed from bark, grass, and moss, the nests form cup-like structures lined with softer materials. Each clutch typically consists of around four eggs, with an incubation period of approximately twelve days. The young birds leave the nest within nine days.
To attract Nashville Warblers to your backyard during winter in southern US states, provide suet.
Interesting fact: Nashville Warblers migrate along the Atlantic Coast in their first year but switch to inland migration in subsequent years.
12. Palm Warblers
From May to October, you can spot Palm Warblers in Manitoba, appearing in 7% of summer checklists.
Palm Warblers possess a rusty-red patch atop their heads and display a brownish-olive coloration throughout the rest of their bodies. While they breed in Canada, they can also be found in eastern US states during migration and can be observed year-round along the far south coast and in Florida.
Scientific name: Setophaga palmarum
Length: 4.7-5.5 inches (12-14 cm)
Weight: 0.3-0.5 ounces (7-13 g)
Wingspan: 7.9-8.3 inches (20-21 cm)
Palm Warblers predominantly breed in Canada and are seen during migration in eastern US states. Some individuals winter in Florida and along the southeastern coast.
Spot Palm Warblers mainly during the spring and fall migration in weedy fields, forest edges, and scrubby areas. They are often found foraging on the ground for insects, frequently mingling with other bird species such as Sparrows, Juncos, and Yellow-rumped Warblers.
Listen to the delightful song of the Palm Warbler.
Immerse yourself in the pleasant song of the Palm Warbler through the provided audio recording.
Nests of Palm Warblers are typically found in bogs and boreal forests on the ground. They are constructed using grass, sedge, and ferns woven into a cup shape and lined with soft grass, feathers, and animal hair. Each clutch consists of approximately five eggs.
To attract Palm Warblers to your backyard, consider planting native plants that attract insects, as well as bayberry or hawthorn for their berries.
Interesting fact: Unlike most warblers, Palm Warblers often walk on the ground while bobbing their tails as they search for insects.
13. Magnolia Warblers
Magnolia Warblers can be spotted in Manitoba from May to October, appearing in 6% of checklists during summer.
Magnolia Warblers display yellow plumage underneath and a grayish-black back. Males exhibit a distinctive “necklace” formed by black streaking along their necks and bellies. Females have a grayer back and lack the pronounced streaking on the belly.
Scientific name: Setophaga magnolia
Length: 4.3-5.1 inches (11-13 cm)
Weight: 0.2-0.5 ounces (6-15 g)
Wingspan: 6.3-7.9 inches (16-20 cm)
Magnolia Warblers breed across Canada and northeastern US states. During migration, they can be observed across the eastern US. In winter, they migrate to Central America and the Caribbean.
Magnolia Warblers can be found perched on low branches in forests or parks, making it easier to spot them during migration. They primarily feed on insects and spiders.
Listen to the delightful song of the Magnolia Warbler.
Immerse yourself in the charming song of the Magnolia Warbler through the provided audio recording.
Nests of Magnolia Warblers are loosely constructed from grass and weeds near the trunk of conifer trees. They lay around four eggs, which take approximately twelve days to hatch. The young birds leave the nest within nine days.
To attract Magnolia Warblers to your backyard during migration, provide native shrubs and trees for them to rest on.
Interesting fact: Magnolia Warblers display the white spots on their tails as a way to attract mates and deter rivals.
14. Evening Grosbeaks
Evening Grosbeaks, a vulnerable species in Manitoba, can be spotted throughout the year, with higher occurrences during winter. They appear in 1% of summer checklists and 6% of winter checklists.
Evening Grosbeaks are robust birds with large bills and a striking yellow and black pattern. Adult males feature a bright yellow stripe above their eyes, giving them a fierce appearance. Their heads are black, necks gray, chests and bellies yellow, and their wings have a white patch.
Females and juvenile males have greenish bills, mostly gray bodies, black and white wings, and a hint of yellow on their necks.
Scientific name: Coccothraustes vespertinus
Length: 6.3-8.7 inches (16-22 cm)
Weight: 1.37-3.04 ounces (38.7-86.1 g)
Wingspan: 12-14 inches (30-36 cm)
Evening Grosbeaks are year-round residents in southern Canada, extending down the west coast to northern California. However, during years with poor cone crops, they migrate south to most US states.
You can find Evening Grosbeaks in forests and mountain regions. During winter, they are often attracted to backyard bird feeders, as they provide an easily accessible food supply.
Evening Grosbeaks naturally feed on flower buds in spring, insect larvae from treetops in summer, and during winter, they flock to backyard feeders or consume seeds, berries, and small fruits.
Listen to the distinctive call of the Evening Grosbeak.
Immerse yourself in the unique call of the Evening Grosbeak through the provided audio recording.
Nests of Evening Grosbeaks are usually found high up in pine trees, approximately 100 feet above the ground. These nests are loosely constructed using twigs, rootlets, grass, moss, and pine needles. Females lay up to five eggs, which are incubated for two weeks before hatching.
To attract Evening Grosbeaks to your backyard during winter, offer sunflower seeds, berries, and maple buds.
Interesting fact: Evening Grosbeaks possess powerful bills
capable of crushing seeds too hard for smaller birds to open, allowing them to scavenge whatever is left behind.
15. Western Kingbirds
Western Kingbirds spend their summers in Manitoba and are found in 4% of checklists during this time. They are usually spotted from May to September in the southern part of the province.
Western Kingbirds are large flycatchers with yellow bellies, whitish chests, gray heads, grayish-brown wings, and black tails with white edges.
Scientific name: Tyrannus verticalis
Length: 7.9-9.4 inches (20-24 cm)
Weight: 1.3-1.6 ounces (37-46 g)
Wingspan: 15.0-16.1 inches (38-41 cm)
Western Kingbirds breed in summer in western US states, the plains area, and extend into Canada. They migrate to Mexico and Central America, although some individuals may overwinter in the southern part of Florida.
You can find Western Kingbirds in open habitats, often perched on fences and utility lines, patiently waiting for flying insects to pass by before catching them in mid-flight.
Listen to the distinct call of the Western Kingbird.
Immerse yourself in the unique call of the Western Kingbird through the provided audio recording.
Nests of Western Kingbirds are typically built in trees or shrubs, but they may also nest in human-made structures or posts. The female constructs the nest using twigs, grass, and plant material, forming a cup-like structure.
They lay up to seven eggs, which incubate for approximately two to three weeks. The young birds remain in the nest for a similar duration before venturing out.
To attract Western Kingbirds to your yard, create an insect-friendly environment and consider planting elderberry or hawthorn, which provide berries they can consume.
Interesting fact: Western Kingbird parents continue to feed their young for an additional three weeks after they leave the nest.
16. Wilson’s Warblers
Wilson’s Warblers are usually spotted in Manitoba from May to September and appear in 2% of summer checklists.
Wilson’s Warblers are tiny, round, yellow-colored warblers. Males have a large black cap, while females have a smaller black cap.
Scientific name: Cardellina pusilla
Length: 3.9-4.7 inches (10-12 cm)
Weight: 0.2-0.3 ounces (5-10 g)
Wingspan: 5.5-6.7 inches (14-17 cm)
Wilson’s Warblers breed in Canada, Alaska, and northwestern US states. They can be observed across all US states during migration and spend the winter in Mexico and Central America.
You can find Wilson’s Warblers along streams in thickets and near forest edges, actively foraging for insects, larvae, and spiders.
Listen to the cheerful song of the Wilson’s Warbler.
Immerse yourself in the delightful song of the Wilson’s Warbler through the provided audio recording.
Nests of Wilson’s Warblers are well-hidden on the ground near trees or shrubs. Constructed from leaves, sedges, and woven plant material, they form a cup-like structure lined with soft grass and animal hair. Each clutch consists of around five eggs, which hatch within eleven days. The young birds leave the nest after an additional ten days.
To attract Wilson’s Warblers to your backyard, provide native trees and shrubs, although they do not typically visit feeders.
Interesting fact: Wilson’s Warblers use a broken wing display to distract potential nest predators, luring them away before swiftly flying off.
17. Cape May Warblers
Cape May Warblers are primarily spotted migrating across Manitoba.
Male Cape May Warblers have distinctive heads with chestnut cheeks, dark caps
, and a yellow neck ring. They have a mottled yellow-olive color on their bodies, with yellow underparts adorned with dark streaks.
Scientific name: Setophaga tigrina
Length: 4.7-5.1 inches (12-13 cm)
Weight: 0.4-0.5 ounces (10.2-15.2 g)
Wingspan: 7.9-8.7 inches (20-22 cm)
Cape May Warblers migrate to their breeding grounds in Canada, passing over eastern US states. They spend the winter in the Caribbean, a narrow band of the coast on the Yucatan Peninsula, and Central America.
You can find Cape May Warblers in spruce forests during their breeding grounds. During migration, they can be observed in various habitats, particularly near woodland edges and scrub areas where they can find abundant insects.
Their diet mainly consists of spruce budworm during summer, but in winter, they consume fruit and nectar and may even visit hummingbird feeders.
Listen to the captivating song of the Cape May Warbler.
Immerse yourself in the enchanting song of the Cape May Warbler through the provided audio recording.
Nests of Cape May Warblers are built high up in spruce trees, near the trunk. Constructed from twigs, pine needles, bark, and other plant material, they form a cup-like structure held together with spider webs and insect silk.
The female lays up to nine eggs, and incubation lasts approximately two weeks. After hatching, it takes another two weeks for the young birds to leave the nest.
To attract Cape May Warblers to your backyard, plant native shrubs and trees that attract insects. Additionally, providing fruit and hummingbird feeders may entice them.
Interesting fact: Cape May Warblers possess specialized tongues curled into tube shapes, allowing them to lap up nectar from flowers.
18. Yellow-throated Vireos
Yellow-throated Vireos are spotted in Manitoba during summer, from May to September, particularly in the southern regions of the province.
Yellow-throated Vireos are vibrant birds with bright yellow and gray plumage. They have olive-colored heads, bright yellow throats, chests, and white bellies. Their backs are grayish-brown with white streaks.
Scientific name: Vireo flavifrons
Length: 5.1-5.9 inches (13-15 cm)
Weight: 0.5-0.7 ounces (15-21 g)
Wingspan: 9.1 inches (23 cm)
Yellow-throated Vireos breed in eastern US states and spend the winter in Central and South America, as well as the Caribbean.
You can spot Yellow-throated Vireos in mixed woodlands, actively hunting for insects and occasionally consuming berries.
Listen to the delightful song of the Yellow-throated Vireo.
Immerse yourself in the pleasant song of the Yellow-throated Vireo through the provided audio recording.
Nests of Yellow-throated Vireos are hanging cups built high in trees. Constructed from bark, grass, pine needles, and other plant materials, they are held together and attached with spider webs and insect silk.
The female lays approximately four eggs, which incubate for about two weeks. The young birds remain in the nest for another two weeks before fledging.
Interesting fact: Male Yellow-throated Vireos construct multiple “dummy” nests using piles of twigs to attract females. They engage in a pretense of nest-building to entice potential mates.
19. Canada Warblers
Canada Warblers reside in Manitoba from May to September and are found in 1% of summer checklists.
Canada Warblers bear a resemblance to Magnolia Warblers and share a similar range. However, they have a grayish-black back, and the black “necklace” seen in males does not extend over the belly but only over the chest. They exhibit yellow chests, bellies, and throats.
Scientific name: Cardellina canadensis
Length: 4.7-5.9 inches (12-15 cm)
Weight: 0.3-0.5 ounces (9-13 g)
Wingspan: 6.7-8.7 inches (17-22 cm)
Canada Warblers breed in Canada and northeastern US states. During migration, they can be observed across the eastern half of the US. They spend the winter in western South America.
You can find Canada Warblers in rhododendron-filled conifer forests, as well as aspen and poplar forests, actively foraging for insects and spiders. Due to declining numbers, they can be challenging to find.
Listen to the melodious song of the Canada Warbler.
Immerse yourself in the melodious song of the Canada Warbler through the provided audio recording.
Nests of Canada Warblers are built near the ground in shrubs or ferns, forming a cup-shaped structure using grass, bark, leaves, and other plant materials. They lay up to six eggs, which hatch in approximately twelve days. Afterward, it takes around eight days for the young birds to leave the nest.
Interesting fact: Canada Warblers undertake impressive migrations, traveling over 3000 miles each way between their winter and summer grounds.
20. Black-throated Green Warblers
Black-throated Green Warblers are often seen in Manitoba from May to September, primarily in the southern part of the province.
Black-throated Green Warblers are small songbirds with yellow faces and heads, olive-yellow backs, and black streaking on the sides and wings. They have whitish underparts.
Scientific name: Setophaga virens
Length: 4.3-4.7 inches (11-12 cm)
Weight: 0.3-0.4 ounces (7-11 g)
Wingspan: 6.7-7.9 inches (17-20 cm)
Black-throated Green Warblers migrate over the eastern US, reaching their breeding grounds in northeastern US states and Canada. They spend the winter in Mexico, northern South America, and the Caribbean.
You can find Black-throated Green Warblers high up in forests, actively feeding on insects. Their black throat distinguishes them from other small yellow birds.
Listen to the captivating song of the Black-throated Green Warbler.
Immerse yourself in the captivating song of the Black-throated Green Warbler through the provided audio recording.
Nests of Black-throated Green Warblers are usually located high up in small trees, near the trunk. Constructed from twigs, bark, and other materials, the nests are woven together with spiders’ webs and lined with animal hair, moss, and feathers. They lay around four eggs, which hatch within twelve days. The young birds leave the nest after an additional ten days.
To attract Black-throated Green Warblers to your backyard, provide mature trees.
Interesting fact: Male Black-throated Green Warblers can sing over 400 times in an hour and perform a “gloating” flight to assert dominance over rivals.
21. Orchard Oriole Female
The female Orchard Oriole, with its greenish-yellow overall coloration, is a common sight in the southern regions of Manitoba from May to mid-September, appearing in 1% of checklists during this period.
Distinctive features of the female Orchard Oriole include a paler underside, darker back, and wings adorned with white wingbars.
Meanwhile, the male Orchard Oriole showcases a striking color palette with its black head and back, contrasting beautifully with its reddish undersides.
Scientific name: Icterus spurius
Length: 5.9-7.1 inches (15-18 cm)
Weight: 0.6-1.0 ounces (16-28 g)
Wingspan: 9.8 inches (25 cm)
During summer, Orchard Orioles breed in the eastern half of the United States before embarking on a migration journey south to Mexico and Central America.
These delightful orioles can be found not only in open woodlands but also along riverbanks, open shrublands, farms, and even in backyards. Their unique hanging pouch-like nests are a sight to behold.
Their diet primarily consists of insects such as ants, caterpillars, beetles, grasshoppers, and spiders. Additionally, they indulge in the nectar of flowers and enjoy consuming fruit, including mulberries and chokeberries.
The Orchard Oriole’s vocalizations are characterized by a jumbled series of whistles that last approximately 3 to 4 seconds.
Listen to the delightful melodies of the Orchard Oriole captured in this audio recording.
Nests of Orchard Orioles are skillfully crafted cups made from long grasses, suspended from small branches of trees. The female lays around 4 to 6 eggs, which take about two weeks to hatch.
To attract Orchard Orioles to your yard, consider setting up hummingbird feeders or platform feeders with cut oranges or mangoes. Additionally, planting native berry plants such as mulberries or chokeberries can provide an enticing food source.
Fun fact: Orchard Orioles hold the distinction of being the smallest species of blackbird in North America.
22. Scarlet Tanager Female
Although not commonly encountered in Manitoba, Scarlet Tanagers are occasionally sighted in the southern parts of the province during the summer season.
Female Scarlet Tanagers exhibit yellow plumage with darker wings and tails, a coloration also observed in males after molting.
On the other hand, male Scarlet Tanagers display a vibrant red hue, complemented by black wings and tails. Their robust bills and short tails contribute to their distinctive appearance.
Scientific name: Piranga olivacea
Length: 6.3-6.7 inches (16-17 cm)
Weight: 0.8-1.3 ounces (23-38 g)
Wingspan: 9.8-11.4 inches (25-29 cm)
During the summer, Scarlet Tanagers breed in eastern forests and subsequently embark on a migration journey to western South America. Their presence can be observed in southeastern states during their migratory travels.
Scarlet Tanagers tend to stay high in the forest canopy, making them somewhat challenging to spot. However, one may catch a glimpse of their vibrant red plumage as they gracefully traverse branches while foraging for insects.
Immerse yourself in the enchanting melodies of the Scarlet Tanager captured in this audio recording.
Nests of Scarlet Tanagers are meticulously built by females in approximately four days, utilizing loosely woven twigs, grass, and plant materials. The interior of the nest is lined with soft grass, pine needles, and other cozy materials. The female typically lays around four eggs, which incubate for two weeks, followed by an additional two weeks for the young to fledge.
To attract Scarlet Tanagers to your surroundings, consider planting berry-bearing plants such as blackberries, raspberries, huckleberries, juneberries, serviceberries, mulberries, strawberries, and chokeberries.
Fun fact: Male Scarlet Tanagers engage in singing battles, which can occasionally escalate into actual physical confrontations.
23. Pine Warbler
While sightings of Pine Warblers are not particularly common in Manitoba, one might have the opportunity to observe them during their migratory journeys across the province.
Pine Warblers are characterized by their small, plump bodies, adorned in a vibrant yellow hue with olive-colored backs, white lower bellies, and gray wingbars. Females may appear slightly browner with more pronounced white markings on their bellies.
Scientific name: Setophaga pinus
Length: 5.1-5.5 inches (13-14 cm)
Weight: 0.3-0.5 ounces (9-15 g)
Wingspan: 7.5-9.1 inches (19-23 cm)
Pine Warblers breed in northeastern US states before venturing south to southeastern US states. Some individuals choose to remain year-round residents in the southeastern regions.
High up in the trees of pine forests, one can often find Pine Warblers foraging for their preferred diet of caterpillars, beetles, spiders, and various other insects and larvae. During colder weather, they adapt their diet to include fruits and seeds.
Listen to the melodious songs of the Pine Warbler captured in this audio recording.
Nests of Pine Warblers, as one would expect, are constructed within the branches of pine trees. These nests are skillfully woven using twigs, bark, pine needles, and grass, secured together with spider silk. The interior is lined with feathers and animal hair. The female typically lays up to five eggs, which incubate for approximately two weeks before the young birds fledge after an additional ten days.
To attract Pine Warblers to your yard, consider setting up tube feeders and platform feeders stocked with millet, cracked corn, sunflower seeds, peanut hearts, and suet. Additionally, planting native fruit-bearing trees and vines like bayberry, grape, sumac, and Virginia creeper can entice these delightful warblers.
Fun fact: Pine Warblers are one of the few warbler species that primarily consume seeds, making them more likely to frequent backyard feeders.
24. Dickcissel
Though sightings of Dickcissels in Manitoba are infrequent, they have been recorded in the southern regions of the province during the summer months.
The male Dickcissel, with its distinctive black throat patch and yellow chest, exhibits a striking and robust appearance. This striking contrast is accentuated by its grayish head, while the female boasts similar markings with a slightly paler or duller tone. Notably, the female lacks a black throat patch, and her yellow chest exhibits only a faint hint.
Scientific name: Spiza americana
Length: 5.5-6.3 inches (14-16 cm)
Weight: 0.9-1.4 ounces (25.6-38.4 g)
Wingspan: 9.8-10.2 inches (24.8-26 cm)
Dickcissels breed within the Central and Great Plains of the United States before embarking on their migration to Mexico, Central America, and northern South America.
Meadows, prairies, tall grasslands, light-grazed pastures, and roadsides are the preferred habitats of Dickcissels.
Their diet consists of insects during the summer, including grasshoppers, caterpillars, beetles, and crickets. At other times of the year, they may
consume seeds, weeds, grasses, and cultivated grains.
Delight in the enchanting melodies of the Dickcissel as captured in this audio recording.
Nests of Dickcissels are typically situated within thick yet small shrubs, grasses, or trees, reaching heights of up to four feet. These bulky nests are skillfully constructed using weeds, grass, and leaves, while the interior is made comfortable with fine grass and animal hair. The female may lay up to six eggs, which incubate for two weeks. The young birds are ready to take flight after approximately ten days.
Fun fact: During fall migration, Dickcissels gather in large numbers, and their flocks can range from thousands to millions as they reach their winter grounds.