During the arrival of warblers in spring and summer in Oklahoma, it’s quite common to spot yellow birds, particularly yellow-rumped warblers and American goldfinches. However, when winter sets in, only the American goldfinch and yellow-rumped warbler can be frequently seen in their yellow plumage.
To aid in identifying these yellow birds in Oklahoma, this comprehensive guide provides pictures, identification details, song recordings, and information on their migration patterns.
The majority of yellow birds in Oklahoma are either warblers, orioles, or tanagers, and sometimes the female counterparts of these species look markedly different from the males.
With the wealth of information provided in this guide, identifying yellow birds will become a much easier task. The yellow birds listed below are arranged in order of their common occurrence in Oklahoma during spring and summer (May and June), based on ebird checklists.
Yellow birds found in Oklahoma throughout the year include the American goldfinch, eastern meadowlark, and western meadowlark.
Yellow birds seen in Oklahoma during the summer consist of the dickcissel, western kingbird, painted bunting, Baltimore oriole, white-eyed vireo, yellow warbler, summer tanager, common yellowthroat, orchard oriole, prothonotary warbler, yellow-throated warbler, yellow-throated vireo.
During the winter months, the yellow-rumped warbler, cedar waxwing, orange-crowned warbler, and evening grosbeak are the commonly observed yellow birds in Oklahoma.
Yellow birds passing through Oklahoma during migration include the Nashville warbler, yellow-headed blackbird, Wilson’s warbler, American redstart, black-throated green warbler, magnolia warbler, lesser goldfinch, palm warbler, and Canada warbler.
So, continue reading to successfully identify the yellow birds you’ve encountered!
A List of 28 Yellow Birds in Oklahoma:
1. American Goldfinch
For identification purposes, the American goldfinch is a splendid choice. These birds can be found in Oklahoma throughout the year, with their numbers increasing during winter. Bird watchers have reported their presence in 10% of summer checklists and 27% of winter checklists.
American goldfinches are highly sought-after birds, particularly due to the vibrant yellow and black plumage of the males during spring. In winter, both males and females adopt a duller brown appearance.
Scientific Name: Spinus tristis
Length: 4.3-5.1 inches (11-13 cm)
Weight: 0.4-0.7 ounces (11-20 g)
Wingspan: 7.5-8.7 inches (19-22 cm)
These finches are distributed across most of North America and are typically year-round residents. However, those that breed in Canada and the Midwest migrate to the southern states of the US during winter.
You can spot American goldfinches in weedy fields, overgrown areas, and even suburban neighborhoods, parks, and backyards. They are primarily known for foraging on sunflower, thistle, and aster plants.
Listen to the Song of the American Goldfinch:
The nests of American goldfinches are usually found in saplings or shrubs, constructed using grass, bark strips, and feathers. The female lays four to six eggs, which take ten to twelve days to hatch. While the male feeds the female, she incubates the eggs.
To attract American goldfinches to your backyard, consider planting thistles and milkweed. They readily visit various bird feeders, with a preference for sunflower and nyjer seeds.
Fun Fact: Brown-headed cowbirds often lay their eggs in American goldfinch nests, but
unfortunately, the seed-based diet provided by the parents is unsuitable for the cowbird chicks, leading to their eventual demise.
2. Eastern Meadowlark
The eastern meadowlark, classified as a near-threatened species in Oklahoma, can be spotted throughout the year, although they are more common during the breeding season. They appear in 17% of summer checklists and 9% of winter checklists.
These medium-sized songbirds exhibit bright yellow underparts and pale brown coloration with black markings on their backs. They possess a distinct black band across their chests.
Scientific Name: Sturnella magna
Length: 7.5-10.2 inches (19-26 cm)
Weight: 3.2-5.3 ounces (90-150 g)
Wingspan: 13.8-15.8 inches (35-40 cm)
Eastern meadowlarks are found across the eastern states of the US throughout the year. Additionally, they breed in the Northeast and Canada before migrating south.
The arrival of spring in the East is heralded by the melodious songs and captivating displays of the eastern meadowlark. Unfortunately, their near-threatened status is a cause for concern.
You can typically find eastern meadowlarks foraging on insects in grasslands, prairies, and fields. During winter, they gather in large flocks, searching for seeds.
Listen to the Melodious Whistles of the Eastern Meadowlark:
The nests of eastern meadowlarks are situated on the ground and can feature impressive constructions, complete with tunnels and roofs woven from grasses.
Fun Fact: Eastern meadowlarks are capable of singing over 100 different songs.
3. Yellow-rumped Warbler
Yellow-rumped warblers are winter visitors to Oklahoma, typically spotted from September to May. They are present in 15% of winter checklists for the state.
These warblers showcase a gray plumage with flashes of yellow on their faces, sides, and rump, as well as white markings on their wings. Female yellow-rumped warblers may exhibit a slightly brownish hue, while winter individuals display paler brown tones with vibrant yellow rumps and sides that transition back to gray and yellow in spring.
Scientific Name: Setophaga coronata
Length: 4.7-5.5 inches (12-14 cm)
Weight: 0.4-0.5 ounces (12-13 g)
Wingspan: 7.5-9.1 inches (19-23 cm)
Yellow-rumped warblers predominantly breed in Canada, the Rockies, and the Appalachian mountains. They can be observed in the Midwest during migration before settling in southern and southwestern US states, the Pacific Coast, Mexico, and Central America.
These warblers are commonly found in coniferous forests, particularly during the breeding season. In winter, they frequent open areas with fruiting shrubs. Their diet primarily consists of insects during summer and migration, while fruit, including bayberry and wax myrtle, becomes their main source of sustenance in winter.
Listen to the Song of the Yellow-rumped Warbler:
Female yellow-rumped warblers construct their nests in conifer trees using twigs, pine needles, and grass, lining them with soft grass, moss, and hair. They typically lay up to six eggs, which take around two weeks to hatch. The young birds leave the nest after an additional two weeks.
To attract yellow-rumped warblers to your backyard, provide sunflower seeds, suet, raisins, and peanut butter.
Fun Fact: During winter, yellow-rumped warblers form flocks that can number in the thousands. They can display aggression towards other species that encroach upon their territory.
4. Cedar Waxwing
Cedar waxwings are observed in Oklahoma during winter, with some individuals seen in the western regions during migration. They appear in approximately 8% of winter checklists.
These elegant and sociable birds sport pale brown plumage on their heads, chests, and crests, which transitions to gray on their backs, wings, and tails. Their bellies showcase a pale yellow hue, while their wingtips exhibit a striking bright red. A narrow black mask stretches over their eyes.
Scientific Name: Bombycilla cedrorum
Length: 5.5-6.7 inches (14-17 cm)
Weight: 1.1 ounces (32 g)
Wingspan: 8.7-11.8 inches (22-30 cm)
Cedar waxwings breed in Canada before migrating to the southern United States, Mexico, and Central America for winter. They are year-round residents in northern US states.
These birds can be found in berry bushes, woodlands, grasslands, towns, and along streams. While their diet primarily consists of fruit, they also consume insects during the summer.
Listen to the Distinctive Call of the Cedar Waxwing:
Nests of cedar waxwings are built in trees using twigs, grass, hair, and plant material, lined with pine needles and soft grass. They lay up to six eggs, which take around twelve days to hatch. The young birds leave the nest after approximately sixteen days.
To attract cedar waxwings to your backyard, consider planting native trees and shrubs that bear small fruit, such as serviceberry, dogwood, juniper, winterberry, and hawthorn. You can also try offering fruit on platform feeders.
Fun Fact: Cedar waxwings engage in a unique courtship behavior where they exchange and pass gifts between potential mates.
5. Dickcissel
Dickcissels are the most frequently observed yellow birds in Oklahoma during the breeding season, appearing in 20% of checklists during this time. They can be seen from mid-April to October.
Male dickcissels are striking and robust, with a black throat patch and a yellow chest. Their grayish heads accentuate the prominent yellow eyebrow line. Females possess similar markings but with a slightly paler or duller coloration. However, they lack the black throat patch, and their yellow chests are only faintly visible.
Scientific Name: Spiza americana
Length: 5.5-6.3 inches (14-16 cm)
Weight: 0.9-1.4 ounces (25.6-38.4 g)
Wingspan: 9.8-10.2 inches (24.8-26 cm)
Dickcissels breed in the central and Great Plains of the US before embarking on migrations to Mexico, Central America, and northern South America.
These birds are commonly found in meadows, prairies, tall grasslands, lightly grazed pastures, and roadsides. They primarily feed on insects, including grasshoppers, caterpillars, beetles, and crickets during the summer. At other times of the year, their diet may consist of seeds, weeds, grasses, and cultivated grain.
Listen to the Song of the Dickcissel:
Nests of dickcissels are typically located in thick shrubs, grasses, or trees, reaching a height of up to four feet. These nests are constructed using weeds, grass, leaves, and soft materials such as fine grass and animal hair. A female dickcissel may lay up to six eggs, which hatch in around two weeks. The young birds become ready to fly after approximately ten days.
Fun Fact: During
fall migration, dickcissels gather in large numbers, reaching from thousands to millions when they reach their winter grounds.
6. Western Kingbird
Western kingbirds can be observed in Oklahoma during the breeding season, from April to October, appearing in 19% of summer checklists.
These large flycatchers showcase yellow bellies, whitish chests, gray heads, grayish-brown wings, and black tails with white edges.
Scientific Name: Tyrannus verticalis
Length: 7.9-9.4 inches (20-24 cm)
Weight: 1.3-1.6 ounces (37-46 g)
Wingspan: 15.0-16.1 inches (38-41 cm)
Western kingbirds breed during the summer in western US states, as well as the plains region and parts of Canada. They migrate to Mexico and Central America, although some individuals may overwinter in southern Florida.
These birds are often found in open habitats, perched on fences and utility lines, patiently waiting for insects to pass by before catching them in mid-flight.
Listen to the Call of the Western Kingbird:
Nests of western kingbirds are typically built in trees, shrubs, or even human-made structures such as buildings or posts. Females construct the nest using twigs, grass, and plant material, forming a woven cup.
They lay up to seven eggs, which take two to three weeks to hatch, with a similar timeframe for the young birds to leave the nest.
To attract western kingbirds to your yard, create an insect-friendly environment and consider planting elderberry or hawthorn, which they also enjoy consuming.
7. Painted Bunting – Female
Painted buntings reside in Oklahoma during the breeding season, from April to September, and appear in 20% of checklists during this time.
Male painted buntings are a vibrant patchwork of colors, predominantly red underneath, with bright blue heads, green wings, and backs. Females, on the other hand, display a bright yellow-green plumage.
Scientific Name: Passerina ciris
Length: 4.7-5.1 inches (12-13 cm)
Weight: 0.5-0.7 ounces (13-19 g)
Painted buntings breed in select US states, primarily in the south-central and southeastern coastal regions. They migrate during the night to destinations such as Central America, southern Florida, and some Caribbean islands.
These birds inhabit semi-open habitats, where they forage for seeds and insects during the breeding season.
Listen to the Song of the Painted Bunting:
Nests of painted buntings are concealed within vegetation, approximately five feet off the ground. The female constructs the nest using twigs, bark, grass, and plant materials, often incorporating cobwebs to strengthen the structure. The nest is lined with horsehair. Painted buntings lay about four eggs, which take around ten days to hatch, with the young leaving the nest after an additional nine days.
To attract painted buntings to your backyard, provide plenty of their preferred seeds, such as white millet or black oil sunflower seeds, and create dense vegetation for them to find shelter.
Fun Fact: Male painted buntings can engage in intense fights when competing for mates.
8. Baltimore Oriole – Female
Baltimore orioles reside in Oklahoma during the breeding season, primarily observed from April to September. They appear in 13% of summer checklists.
These birds bring a splash of color to the eastern part of North America during spring. Adult males feature bright orange and black plumage, complemented by white wing bars on their black wings. Females exhibit yellowish undersides and heads, along with grayish-brown wings and backs.
Scientific Name: Icterus galbula
Length: 6.7-7.5 inches (17-19 cm)
Weight: 1.1-1.4 ounces (30-40 g)
Wingspan: 9.1-11.8 inches (23-30 cm)
Baltimore orioles breed in eastern and central states, including central-southern Canadian provinces and the US southern border. They migrate to Florida, Central America, and the Caribbean for winter, departing as early as July.
These orioles are often found in open woodlands, riverbanks, and forest edges, where they forage for insects and fruits. They also frequent parks and backyards.
Listen to the Flute-Like Sound of the Baltimore Oriole:
The diet of Baltimore orioles consists mainly of insects such as beetles, crickets, grasshoppers, spiders, and snails. They also consume various fruits, although they can cause damage to crops such as raspberries, mulberries, cherries, bananas, and oranges.
To attract Baltimore orioles to your yard, offer halved oranges on a platform feeder or hang them from trees. Oriole feeders filled with sugar water are also effective. Planting fruiting plants and nectar sources such as raspberries, crab apples, and trumpet vines can further entice them.
Fun Fact: Baltimore orioles construct unique hanging bag-like nests woven from fibers.
9. White-eyed Vireo
White-eyed vireos spend the breeding season in Oklahoma, primarily from mid-March to November, concentrated in the eastern part of the state. They appear in 9% of summer checklists.
These vireos possess gray heads with yellow markings around the forehead and distinctive white eyes. Their chests and throats are white, while their sides exhibit yellow coloring. They have greenish backs with darker wings and two white wingbars.
Scientific Name: Vireo griseus
Length: 4.3-5.1 inches (11-13 cm)
Weight: 0.3-0.5 ounces (10-14 g)
Wingspan: 6.7 inches (17 cm)
White-eyed vireos spend their summers across the southeastern United States, typically hidden within thickets. Some individuals near the coast remain in the region throughout the year. During winter, they migrate along the southeast coast of Mexico and the Caribbean.
These birds can be found in overgrown pastures, brambles, and thickets, where they feed on insects, flies, and spiders. They also consume berries during the winter months.
Listen to the Song of the White-eyed Vireo:
Nests of white-eyed vireos hang from branches in shrubs. The female constructs the nest using spiders’ webs as the initial structure and adds leaves, bark, and plant material to form a hanging cup.
White-eyed vireos lay around four eggs, which hatch in approximately two weeks. The young birds then leave the nest after ten days or so.
Fun Fact: White-eyed vireos sing during winter, both males and females, but during spring and summer, only the males serenade, often singing from dawn until noon.
10. Western Meadowlark
Western meadowlarks can be observed in Oklahoma during the winter in the eastern part of the state, while they reside throughout the year in the western regions. They appear in 3% of both summer and winter checklists.
With their bright yellow bellies and melodious songs, western meadowlarks add vibrancy to their surroundings.
Scientific Name: Sturnella neglecta
Length: 6.3-10.2 inches (16-26 cm)
Weight: 3.1-4.1 ounces (89-115 g)
Wingspan: 16.1 inches (41 cm)
Western meadowlarks that breed in northern US states and Canada migrate to more southern regions during winter. However, those inhabiting the western and midwestern parts of the country remain in their respective locations throughout the year.
These birds are commonly found on the ground in grasslands, meadows, and fields, foraging for food either individually or in small flocks. They tend to avoid woodlands or dense shrub vegetation.
Listen to the Whistles and Warbles of the Western Meadowlark:
The diet of western meadowlarks consists of insects and seeds. During summer, they primarily feed on insects, while seeds and grains become their main food source in winter.
Nests of western meadowlarks are depressions in the ground within grasslands. They are constructed using soft materials like grass and may include a roof made from grass and plant stalks.
To attract western meadowlarks to your backyard, provide sunflower seeds and cracked corn.
Fun Fact: Western meadowlarks have been chosen as the state bird for six US states.
11. Nashville Warbler
Nashville warblers are migratory birds in Oklahoma, passing through during migration. They can be spotted during the spring and fall as they journey to and from their breeding grounds.
These warblers have olive-green upperparts, yellow underparts, and a gray hood with a yellow throat. They also feature a distinct white eye ring.
Scientific Name: Leiothlypis ruficapilla
Length: 4.3-5.1 inches (11-13 cm)
Weight: 0.3-0.4 ounces (9-11 g)
Wingspan: 6.7-7.5 inches (17-19 cm)
Nashville warblers breed primarily in Canada and parts of the northern United States, including the Great Lakes region and New England. They then migrate to Central America and the Caribbean for the winter.
During migration, you can find them in various habitats, such as woodlands, shrubs, and gardens, where they feed on insects and spiders.
Listen to the Song of the Nashville Warbler:
Nests of Nashville warblers are cup-shaped and built on or near the ground. They are typically hidden under vegetation and constructed using moss, bark, and grasses, lined with fine materials such as hair and feathers. Females lay 4-5 eggs, which hatch after about 10-13 days. The young leave the nest around 8-12 days after hatching.
12. Yellow-headed Blackbird
Yellow-headed blackbirds pass through Oklahoma during migration, providing a distinctive sight with their vibrant plumage. They can be seen in the state during the spring and fall.
Male yellow-headed blackbirds display striking black bodies with bright yellow heads and white wing patches. Females have brownish-black feathers, and their heads are a mix of yellow and brown.
Scientific Name: Xanthocephalus xanthocephalus
Length: 9.1-10.6 inches (23-27 cm)
Weight: 2.5-4.1 ounces (70-117 g)
Wingspan: 15.7-18.1 inches (40-46 cm)
Yellow-headed blackbirds breed in wetland habitats across the western United States and parts of Canada. During migration, they can be found in various habitats, including marshes, wet meadows, and agricultural fields.
Listen to the Calls of the Yellow-headed Blackbird:
Nests of yellow-headed blackbirds are constructed in dense emergent vegetation within marshes or wetlands. They create cup-shaped nests using cattails, grasses, and other plant materials, usually above the water level. Females lay 3-6 eggs, and the incubation period lasts around 11-12 days. The young leave the nest approximately 10-15 days after hatching.
13. Wilson’s Warbler
Wilson’s warblers are migratory birds that visit Oklahoma during the spring and fall as they travel to their breeding and wintering grounds.
These small warblers have bright yellow underparts, olive-green upperparts, and a distinctive black cap. Males also showcase a black bib on their throats.
Scientific Name: Cardellina pusilla
Length: 4.3-4.7 inches (11-12 cm)
Weight: 0.2-0.3 ounces (6-9 g)
Wingspan: 6.7-7.5 inches (17-19 cm)
Wilson’s warblers breed in the western United States and parts of Canada, primarily in coniferous forests and thickets. During migration, they can be found in a variety of habitats, including woodlands, shrubs, and gardens.
Listen to the Song of the Wilson’s Warbler:
Nests of Wilson’s warblers are built on or near the ground, often hidden within dense vegetation. The female constructs the cup-shaped nest using grasses, moss, and other plant materials, lining it with fine grasses and hair. Females lay 4-6 eggs, which hatch after approximately 10-12 days. The young birds fledge from the nest around 8-10 days after hatching.
14. American Redstart
American redstarts are migratory birds that visit Oklahoma during the spring and fall as they travel between their breeding and wintering grounds.
Male American redstarts exhibit black upperparts with bright orange patches on their wings, tail, and sides. Females, on the other hand, display grayish-olive upperparts and yellow underparts.
Scientific Name: Setophaga ruticilla
Length: 4.3-5.1 inches (11-13 cm)
Weight: 0.2-0.3 ounces (6-9 g)
Wingspan: 6.7-7.5 inches (17-19 cm)
American redstarts breed in the eastern and central parts of North America, primarily in deciduous forests. During migration, they can be found in various habitats, including woodlands, thickets, and shrubby areas.
Listen to the Song of the American Redstart:
Nests of American redstarts are cup-shaped and usually placed on or near the ground, hidden within vegetation. Females construct the nest using grasses, bark, and plant fibers, lining it with fine materials such as hair and feathers. They lay 3-5 eggs, and the incubation period lasts around 10-12 days. The young birds leave the nest after approximately 7-10 days.
15. Black-throated Green Warbler
Black-throated green warblers are migratory birds that pass through Oklahoma during the spring and fall as they journey to and from their breeding grounds.
Male black-throated green warblers have yellow underparts, olive-green upperparts, and a distinctive black throat and face. Females exhibit similar colors but with a slightly duller appearance.
Scientific Name: Setophaga virens
Length: 4.7-5.1 inches (12-13 cm)
Weight: 0.3-0.4 ounces (9-11 g)
Wingspan: 7.5-8.7 inches (19-22 cm)
Black-throated green warblers breed in the northeastern and north-central parts of North America, primarily in coniferous and mixed forests. During migration, they can be found in various habitats, including woodlands, parks, and gardens.
Listen to the Song of the Black-throated Green Warbler:
Nests of black-throated green warblers are typically located in coniferous trees, usually suspended from a horizontal branch. The female constructs the cup-shaped nest using plant materials such as twigs, bark, and moss, lining it with feathers and hair. They lay 3-5 eggs, which hatch after approximately 11-12 days. The young birds fledge from the nest around 8-11 days after hatching.
16. Magnolia Warbler
Magnolia warblers are migratory birds that pass through Oklahoma during the spring and fall as they journey to and from their breeding and wintering grounds.
These warblers feature a black mask across their face, bright yellow underparts, and distinct black streaks on their back. They also display a prominent white patch on their wings.
Scientific Name: Setophaga magnolia
Length: 4.3-5.1 inches (11-13 cm)
Weight: 0.3-0.4 ounces (9-11 g)
Wingspan: 7.5-8.7 inches (19-22 cm)
Magnolia warblers breed in the boreal forests of Canada and Alaska, primarily in spruce and fir trees. During migration, they can be found in various habitats, including woodlands, thickets, and shrubby areas.
Listen to the Song of the Magnolia Warbler:
Nests of magnolia warblers are cup-shaped and typically built in shrubs or low branches, usually hidden within dense vegetation. The female constructs the nest using grasses, bark strips, and plant fibers, lining it with fine materials such as hair and feathers. They lay 4-5 eggs, which hatch after approximately 10-12 days. The young birds fledge from the nest around 8-10 days after hatching.
17. Lesser Goldfinch
Lesser goldfinches reside in Oklahoma year-round, providing a consistent presence of these yellow birds.
Male lesser goldfinches display vibrant yellow underparts and black upperparts, with a distinct black cap on their heads. Females, on the other hand, exhibit duller colors, featuring olive-green upperparts and yellowish underparts.
Scientific Name: Spinus psaltria
Length: 4.3-4.7 inches (11-12 cm)
Weight: 0.3-0.4 ounces (9-11 g)
Wingspan: 7.5-8.7 inches (19-22 cm)
Lesser goldfinches can be found in various habitats, including open woodlands, shrubs, and gardens, throughout the year.
Listen to the Call of the Lesser Goldfinch:
Nests of lesser goldfinches are usually built in shrubs or trees, constructed by the female using plant materials such as grasses, bark, and rootlets, lined with softer materials like thistle down and feathers. They lay 3-6 eggs, which hatch after approximately 12-13 days. The young birds leave the nest around 11-15 days after hatching.
18. Palm Warbler
Palm warblers pass through Oklahoma during migration, making appearances during the spring and fall as they journey to and from their breeding and wintering grounds.
These warblers have brownish-olive upperparts, yellow underparts, and distinctive rusty-brown caps. They also exhibit a continuously wagging tail.
Scientific Name: Setophaga palmarum
Length: 4.7-5.1 inches (12-13 cm)
Weight: 0.3-0.4 ounces (9-11 g)
Wingspan: 7.9-8.7 inches (20-22 cm)
Palm warblers breed in the northern parts of North America, primarily in bogs, muskegs, and spruce forests. During migration, they can be found in various habitats, including woodlands, marshes, and gardens.
Listen to the Song of the Palm Warbler:
Nests of palm warblers are cup-shaped and typically built on or near the ground, concealed within vegetation. The female constructs the nest using grasses, moss, and other plant materials, lined
with feathers and hair. They lay 3-5 eggs, which hatch after approximately 12-13 days. The young birds fledge from the nest around 10-12 days after hatching.
19. Canada Warbler
Canada warblers pass through Oklahoma during migration, making appearances during the spring and fall as they journey to and from their breeding and wintering grounds.
These warblers exhibit a gray upper body, yellow underparts, and a distinct necklace of black streaks across their yellow throat and upper chest.
Scientific Name: Cardellina canadensis
Length: 4.3-4.7 inches (11-12 cm)
Weight: 0.3-0.4 ounces (9-11 g)
Wingspan: 7.1-7.5 inches (18-19 cm)
Canada warblers breed in the boreal forests of Canada and the northeastern United States, primarily in wet areas with dense understory vegetation. During migration, they can be found in various habitats, including woodlands, thickets, and shrubby areas.
Listen to the Song of the Canada Warbler:
Nests of Canada warblers are cup-shaped and typically built on or near the ground, concealed within vegetation. The female constructs the nest using grasses, moss, and other plant materials, lined with fine materials such as feathers and hair. They lay 4-5 eggs, which hatch after approximately 10-12 days. The young birds fledge from the nest around 8-10 days after hatching.
20. American Red Crossbill
American red crossbills can be found in Oklahoma throughout the year. These unique birds have a specialized bill that crosses at the tips, allowing them to extract seeds from conifer cones.
Male American red crossbills display a reddish color, while females showcase a more yellowish-green plumage. Their bills are adapted to pry open cone scales and extract the nutritious seeds within.
Scientific Name: Loxia curvirostra
Length: 5.1-6.7 inches (13-17 cm)
Weight: 1.1-1.3 ounces (31-37 g)
Wingspan: 9.1-10.2 inches (23-26 cm)
American red crossbills can be found in coniferous forests, particularly where spruce, fir, and pine trees are abundant. They rely on these trees for both nesting and feeding.
Listen to the Call of the American Red Crossbill:
Nests of American red crossbills are built in the branches of conifer trees, using twigs, bark, and lichens. The female lays 3-4 eggs, and the incubation period lasts around 12-16 days. The young birds leave the nest after approximately 14-16 days.
21. Yellow-breasted Chat
Yellow-breasted chats spend the breeding season in Oklahoma, providing a lively presence with their distinctive songs and vibrant yellow underparts.
These large warblers have olive-green upperparts, a bright yellow throat and breast, and a white belly. They are known for their loud, varied, and melodious songs.
Scientific Name: Icteria virens
Length: 6.7-7.5 inches (17-19 cm)
Weight: 0.8-1.2 ounces (23-34 g)
Wingspan: 9.8-10.2 inches (25-26 cm)
Yellow-breasted chats can be found in thickets, shrubs, and brushy habitats with dense vegetation. They are often elusive but can be identified by their distinctive songs.
Listen to the Song of the Yellow-breasted Chat:
Nests of yellow-breasted chats are cup-shaped and typically built close to the ground, hidden within dense vegetation. The female constructs the nest using grasses, leaves, and other plant materials, lining it with finer materials such as hair and feathers. They lay 3-5 eggs, which hatch after approximately 12-13 days. The young birds fledge from the nest around 10-12 days after hatching.
22. Eastern Yellow Wagtail
Eastern yellow wagtails are migratory birds that pass through Oklahoma during the spring and fall as they journey to and from their breeding and wintering grounds.
These slender birds have bright yellow underparts, olive-green upperparts, and a distinctive white eyebrow stripe. They are known for their wagging tails.
Scientific Name: Motacilla tschutschensis
Length: 6.3-6.7 inches (16-17 cm)
Weight: 0.7-1.1 ounces (20-31 g)
Wingspan: 10.6-11.0 inches (27-28 cm)
Eastern yellow wagtails breed in northern parts of Eurasia, primarily in wet meadows, marshes, and riverbanks. During migration, they can be found in various open habitats, including fields, parks, and mudflats.
Listen to the Call of the Eastern Yellow Wagtail:
Nests of eastern yellow wagtails are cup-shaped and typically built on the ground, often concealed within vegetation. The female constructs the nest using grasses, leaves, and moss, lining it with finer materials such as hair and feathers. They lay 4-6 eggs, which hatch after approximately 12-14 days. The young birds fledge from the nest around 10-12 days after hatching.
23. Yellow-throated Vireo
Yellow-throated vireos spend the breeding season in Oklahoma, enchanting observers with their vibrant yellow throats and melodic songs.
These medium-sized songbirds have yellow underparts, olive-green upperparts, and a distinctive yellow throat outlined by a black line. They are known for their rich and musical songs.
Scientific Name: Vireo flavifrons
Length: 5.5-6.3 inches (14-16 cm)
Weight: 0.4-0.6 ounces (11-17 g)
Wingspan: 9.8-10.6 inches (25-27 cm)
Yellow-throated vireos can be found in deciduous forests, particularly near water sources such as rivers and swamps. They forage actively in the treetops, searching for insects and caterpillars.
Listen to the Song of the Yellow-throated Vireo:
Nests of yellow-throated vireos are cup-shaped and usually suspended from the forks of branches, hidden within foliage. The female constructs the nest using twigs, grasses, and plant fibers, lining it with softer materials such as hair and feathers. They lay 3-5 eggs, which hatch after approximately 12-14 days. The young birds fledge from the nest around 9-12 days after hatching.
24. Yellow-headed Blackbird
Yellow-headed blackbirds spend the breeding season in Oklahoma, making their presence known with their striking yellow heads and loud, distinctive calls.
These blackbirds have black bodies with bright yellow heads and white wing patches. They are known for their harsh, grating calls.
Scientific Name: Xanthocephalus xanthocephalus
Length: 8.7-9.8 inches (22-25 cm)
Weight: 2.5-4.2 ounces (70-120 g)
Wingspan: 15.7-17.7 inches (40-45 cm)
Yellow-headed blackbirds can be found in marshes, wetlands, and meadows with tall vegetation. They forage on the ground, feeding on seeds, insects, and small aquatic creatures.
Listen to the Call of the Yellow-headed Blackbird:
Nests of yellow-headed blackbirds are built in dense marsh vegetation, often over the water. The female constructs the nest using cattails, reeds, and grasses, weaving them into a deep cup shape. They lay 3-6 eggs, which hatch after approximately 11-12 days. The young birds leave the nest around 10-12 days after hatching.
25. Wilson’s Phalarope
Wilson’s phalaropes pass through Oklahoma during migration, making appearances during the spring and fall as they journey to and from their breeding and wintering grounds.
These slender shorebirds have a unique breeding strategy, with the females exhibiting brighter plumage and performing elaborate courtship displays. They are known for their spinning dance on the water’s surface.
Scientific Name: Phalaropus tricolor
Length: 7.5-9.1 inches (19-23 cm)
Weight: 1.2-2.6 ounces (35-74 g)
Wingspan: 15.0-16.1 inches (38-41 cm)
Wilson’s phalaropes breed in the prairie pothole region of North America, primarily in wetlands and marshes. During migration, they can be found in various open habitats, including saline lakes, mudflats, and coastal areas.
Listen to the Call of the Wilson’s Phalarope:
Nests of Wilson’s phalaropes are simple scrapes in the ground, often lined with bits of vegetation. The female initiates courtship and defends a territory, while the male incubates the eggs and takes care of the young. They lay 4 eggs, which hatch after approximately 19-22 days. The young birds leave the nest shortly after hatching and are capable of feeding themselves.
26. American Redstart
American redstarts pass through Oklahoma during migration, making appearances during the spring and fall as they journey to and from their breeding and wintering grounds.
These small warblers have black upperparts, bright orange patches on their wings and tails, and white underparts. They are known for their active and energetic foraging behavior.
Scientific Name: Setophaga ruticilla
Length: 4.3-5.1 inches (11-13 cm)
Weight: 0.3-0.4 ounces (9-11 g)
Wingspan: 7.5-8.7 inches (19-22 cm)
American redstarts breed in deciduous forests, particularly near streams and wet areas. During migration, they can be found in various habitats, including woodlands, shrubs, and gardens.
Listen to the Song of the American Redstart:
Nests of American redstarts are cup-shaped and usually suspended from small branches, hidden within foliage. The female constructs the nest using grasses, bark, and other plant materials, lining it with fine materials such as feathers and hair. They lay 3-5 eggs, which hatch after approximately 11-13 days. The young birds fledge from the nest around 8-10 days after hatching.
27. Black-throated Green Warbler
Black-throated green warblers pass through Oklahoma during migration, making appearances during the spring and fall as they journey to and from their breeding and wintering grounds.
These small warblers have olive-green upperparts, bright yellow underparts, and a black throat and face. They are known for their musical songs and can often be found high in the tree canopy.
Scientific Name: Setophaga virens
Length: 4.7-5.1 inches (12-13 cm)
Weight: 0.3-0.4 ounces (9-11 g)
Wingspan: 7.5-8.7 inches (19-22 cm)
Black-throated green warblers breed in coniferous and mixed forests, primarily in the northern United States and Canada. During migration, they can be found in various habitats, including woodlands, thickets, and shrubby areas.
Listen to the Song of the Black-throated Green Warbler:
Nests of black-throated green warblers are cup-shaped and usually built on horizontal branches, hidden within foliage. The female constructs the nest using twigs, grasses, and plant fibers, lining it with softer materials such as moss and feathers. They lay 3-5 eggs, which hatch after approximately 11-12 days. The young birds fledge from the nest around 8-10 days after hatching.
28. Prothonotary Warbler
Prothonotary warblers spend the breeding season in Oklahoma, adding a vibrant splash of yellow to wetland areas with their striking plumage.
These small warblers have bright yellow underparts, blue-gray wings, and a distinctive orange-yellow head. They are known for their preference for nesting in tree cavities near water.
Scientific Name: Protonotaria citrea
Length: 4.3-5.1 inches (11-13 cm)
Weight: 0.4-0.5 ounces (11-14 g)
Wingspan: 7.5-8.7 inches (19-22 cm)
Prothonotary warblers can be found in swamps, wetlands, and forested areas near water. They forage by hopping along branches and vegetation, searching for insects and spiders.
Listen to the Song of the Prothonotary Warbler:
Nests of prothonotary warblers are built in tree cavities, particularly near water sources such as rivers and swamps. The female constructs the nest using plant fibers, leaves, and moss, lining it with finer materials such as feathers and hair. They lay 4-7 eggs, which hatch after approximately 12-14 days. The young birds fledge from the nest around 10-12 days after hatching.
These 28 yellow birds represent a diverse array of species that can be observed in Oklahoma. Whether they are residents, summer visitors, winter visitors, or migrants, each one contributes to the colorful tapestry of avian life in the state. Enjoy the beauty and wonder of these yellow birds as you explore the natural world around you.