Since they lack as many distinguishing traits as their brighter-colored counterparts, brown birds or LBJ (little brown jobs) may be difficult to identify.

However, don’t be afraid, because this guide will aid you differentiate between a sparrow, a wren, and any other brown bird. Also, throughout the year, you may learn which brown birds live in Massachusetts.

This guide will assist you identify the brown birds that come to your property or those that visit the woods and fields in Massachusetts, from most to least frequent according to ebird checklists.

Brown Birds In Massachusetts By Season

American Robin, Northern Cardinal, Song Sparrow, Mourning Dove, American Goldfinch, House Sparrow, House Finch, Northern Flicker, Carolina Wren, Swamp Sparrow, Brown Creeper.

Chipping Sparrow, Eastern Phoebe, Common Yellowthroat, Brown-headed Cowbird, Cedar Waxwing, Eastern Towhee, House Wren, Great Crested Flycatcher, Rose-breasted Grosbeak and Wood Thrush are among the birds found in Massachusetts during the summer.

White-throated Sparrow, American Tree Sparrow, and Pine Siskin are among the birds seen in Massachusetts during the winter.

Savannah Sparrows, White-crowned Sparrows, and Swainson’s Thrush are among the birds found in Massachusetts during migration.

Spotted Towhee, Golden-crowned Sparrow, and Bewick’s Wren are among the rare or accidental species in Massachusetts.

38 Brown Birds In Massachusetts

1. American Robin

During Massachusetts’ breeding season, American Robins are most commonly seen, although they may be seen throughout the year. They’re found in 67% of bird watcher’s summer and 26% of their winter checklists for the state.

On lawns, American Robins can be seen eating earthworms. They have red or orange breasts and black heads and backs. During the winter, they prefer to roost in trees, so you’ll encounter them more frequently in the spring.

• Turdus migratorius
• Length: 7.9-11.0 in (20-28 cm)
• Weight: 2.7-3.0 oz (77-85 g)
• Wingspan: 12.2-15.8 in (31-40 cm)

The lower 48 states and western Canada’s and Alaska’s coasts are home to American Robins. During the winter, those that breed in Canada and interior Alaska migrate south.

From woodlands, forests, and mountains to fields, parks, and lawns, American Robins may be found in a variety of habitats. Earthworms, insects, snails, and fruit are among the foods they consume.

Sunflower seeds, suet, and peanut hearts, as well as fruit and mealworms, will attract American Robins to your yard. Food distributed on the ground is ideal for platform feeders. Also, juniper, sumac, Hawthorn, and dogwood are some of the native plants that produce berries.

2. Northern Cardinal – Female

In Massachusetts, the Northern Cardinal is a year-round resident and is very common. Summer checklists contain them 52% of the time, while winter checklists contain them 37%.

The brown color of the Cardinals’ females, their sharp brown crest, red highlights, and red beaks make them a little more conspicuous.

The vivid red male Northern Cardinal, on the other hand, is a spectacular sight against a white winter backdrop. Its bright crimson color contrasts with its black facial markings. Their crests and beaks are likewise crimson.

• Cardinalis cardinalis
• Length: 8.3-9.1 in (21-23 cm)
• Weight: 1.5-1.7 oz (42-48 g)
• Wingspan: 9.8-12.2 in (25-31 cm)

The eastern half of the United States and some states in the south as far west as Arizona are home to Northern Cardinals.

Northern Cardinals may be found foraging for seeds, fruit, and insects in thick vegetation. During the breeding season, Northern Cardinals may attack their own image because they are so focused on defending their areas.

Feeders full of sunflower seeds, peanut hearts, millet, and milo will attract Northern Cardinals to your yard. Large tube feeders, hoppers, platform feeders, and food strewn on the ground will be used to feed them.

3. Song Sparrow

During the summer, Song Sparrows may be seen in Massachusetts almost every day, but they can also be found year-round. Summer checklists include them in 55% of the time, while winter checklists include them 28%.

Song sparrows, which are mostly brown-streaked and have a nearly constant song in the spring and summer, are not as attractive as other backyard birds.

• Melospiza melodia
• Length: 4.7-6.7 in (12-17 cm)
• Weight: 0.4-1.9 oz (12-53 g)
• Wingspan: 7.1-9.4 in (18-24 cm)

Song Sparrows may be found throughout the northern United States. Canada’s breeders migrate to the southern US states during the winter.

They’re frequently spotted perched on a low shrub singing in open, shrubby, and damp places and are often seen at backyard feeders.

Beetles, caterpillars, midges, spiders, and earthworms are among the insects and plants Song Sparrows eat. Buckwheat, sunflower, raspberries, wild cherries, blackberries, wheat, and rice will all be consumed by them.

By placing black oil sunflower seeds, broken corn, and nyjer on platform feeders, you may attract Song Sparrows to your yard.

Put black oil sunflower seeds, cracked corn, and nyjer on platform feeders to entice Song Sparrows to your backyard feeders.

You may learn their songs and discover interesting facts to help you identify them more simply, as a surprising number of sparrows may be seen in Massachusetts.

4. Mourning Dove

In Massachusetts, Mourning Doves may be seen throughout the year, although their numbers surge during breeding season. Summer checklists in the state have 50% of them, whereas winter checklists have 27%.

Mourning Doves are stocky little birds with long tails and bufy bodies. Their wings have black specks and are a delicate brown color. Males weigh a little more than females.

• Zenaida macroura
• Length: 9.1-13.4 in (23-34 cm)
• Weight: 3.0 -6.0 oz (96-170 g)
• Wingspan: 17.7 in (45 cm)

Throughout the whole year, Mourning Doves may fly from the north of the Midwest and southern Canada following breeding.

In grasslands, fields, and backyards, Mourning Doves may be seen perched on telephone wires foraging for seeds on the ground. Open areas and woodland borders are also good places to look for them.

Millet can be scattered around your yard or platform feeders to attract Mourning Doves. Black sunflower seeds, nyjer, broken maize, and peanut hearts will be eaten as well.

By scattering millet on the ground or platform feeders, you may attract Mourning Doves to your yard. Black sunflower seeds, nyjer, crumbled corn, and peanut hearts will all be eaten.

5. American Goldfinch – Female

During the breeding season, from April to September, American Goldfinches are seen throughout Massachusetts every year. Summer checklists have 49% of them, while winter checklists have 26%.

In the spring, American Goldfinches are a popular species because of their bright yellow and black plumage. In the winter, both females and males are browner.

• Spinus tristis
• Length: 4.3-5.1 in (11-13 cm)
• Weight: 0.4-0.7 oz (11-20 g)
• Wingspan: 7.5-8.7 in (19-22 cm)

Most of North America is home to American Goldfinches, who are permanent residents. Breeding birds from Canada and the Midwest, on the other hand, migrate to southern states for the winter.

Foraging for sunflower, thistle, and aster plants, they may be found in weedy fields and overgrown areas. Suburbs, parks, and backyards are also home to them.

Plant thistles and milkweed in your yard to attract American Goldfinches. They’ll primarily eat sunflower seed and nyjer seed, so they’ll be at most bird feeders.

6. House Sparrow

In Massachusetts, House Sparrows have become a naturalized species that can be seen all year. They are found in 34% of summer and 25% of winter checklists for the state, and they do not migrate.

Another imported species that has thrived is House Sparrows, which are now one of the most widespread birds. Gray and brown heads, as well as white cheeks, Their bellies are gray, and their backs and bellies are black and brown.

• Passer domesticus
• Length: 5.9-6.7 in (15-17 cm)
• Weight: 0.9-1.1 oz (27-30 g)
• Wingspan: 7.5-9.8 in (19-25 cm)

All year, House Sparrows may be found in the United States and southern Canada. They can be found around houses and structures and may be quite tame, allowing you to feed them out of your hand.

Grain and seed, as well as waste food, are the major sources of food for House Sparrows. Because they are non-native, they may be considered a pest, but even if you do not feed them, they can be found in backyards.

Most types of birdseed, such as millet, corn, and sunflower seeds, attract House Sparrows to your backyard feeders.

7. House Finch – Female

All year, Massachusetts has House Finches as residents. They don’t migrate, and they appear on up to 20% of summer and winter checklists.

Male House Finches have a red head and breast, while the remainder of their bodies are brown-streaked. Females House Finches are brown-streaked all over.

• Haemorhous mexicanus
• Length: 5.1-5.5 in (13-14 cm)
• Weight: 0.6-0.9 oz (16-27 g)
• Wingspan: 7.9-9.8 in (20-25 cm)

House Finches were originally only found in the western United States, but they have subsequently spread throughout the eastern United States.

Parks, farms, forest borders, and backyard feeders are all home to these noisy congregations that are difficult to overlook.

Black oil sunflower seeds or nyjer seeds in tube feeders or platform feeders may be used to attract House Finches to backyard feeders.

Brown finches are not the only ones found in Massachusetts, other species are more vibrant.

8. Northern Flicker

Throughout the year, Northern Flickers can be found in Massachusetts, but during migration they may be seen in abundance. Summer checklists have 23%, winter checklists have 8%, and migration checklists may have up to 36%.

In flight, large brown woodpeckers with black markings and a white patch on the rump, as well as a red nape of the neck in males, Northern Flickers are formidable.

Depending on where they come from, Northern Flickers have red or yellow flashes in their wings and tail. The west is home to red-shafted birds, while the east is home to yellow-shafted birds.

• Colaptes auratus
• Length: 11.0-12.2 in (28-31 cm)
• Weight: 3.9-5.6 oz (110-160 g)
• Wingspan: 16.5-20.1 in (42-51 cm)

Throughout the year, northern flickers may be seen in the United States, as well as Canada during the summer. During the winter, those that breed in Canada go south.

Ants, beetles, fruits, and seeds are the primary foods for northern flickers, who may be seen digging with their bent bill on the ground.

Using suet, you may bring Northern Flickers to your yard. Other woodpeckers species may be seen at your feeders in Massachusetts, as well.

9. Carolina Wren

The Carolina Wrens are year-round residents of Massachusetts and do not migrate. Summer and winter checklists for the state contain them up to 16% of the time.

The dark brown top and light brown underside of the Carolina Wrens make them retiring birds. They have an upright tail and a loud “teakettle” song, as well as a white eyebrow stripe.

• Thryothorus ludovicianus
• Length: 4.7-5.5 in (12-14 cm)
• Weight: 0.6-0.8 oz (18-22 g)
• Wingspan: 11.4 in (29 cm)

Throughout the eastern and southern US, Carolina Wrens may be found all year. They may be located in wooded or heavily vegetated areas, and they will feed at your backyard.

Suet feeders, hulled sunflower seeds, and peanut hearts in massive tube feeders or on platform feeders will entice Carolina Wrens to your yard.

In Massachusetts, you may find several Wrens in the backyards, however if you want to see more, go to marshy areas.

10. White-throated Sparrow

During winter in Massachusetts, White-throated Sparrows are seen on 18% of checklists, and they are frequently seen. In the east of the state, they can be seen from September to May.

During the breeding season, a few can be found in the west of the state, and they account for 9% of summer checklists.

The black and white striped head, brilliant white throat, and yellow between the eye and beak of White-throated Sparrows make them stand out. They have a brown back with a gray underbelly.

• Zonotrichia albicollis
• Length: 6.3-7.1 in (16-18 cm)
• Weight: 0.8-1.1 oz (22-32 g)
• Wingspan: 7.9-9.1 in (20-23 cm)

White-throated Sparrows, which breed mostly in Canada before migrating south for the winter to eastern and southern US states, as well as the Pacific Coast, are migratory birds.

White-throated Sparrows may be seen in large flocks on the ground in woods and forests, as well as on the edges of wooded areas.

Grass seeds and weeds, as well as fruits such as grape, sumac, mountain ash, blueberry, and blackberry, make up the majority of the diet of White-throated Sparrows. In the summer, they’ll also eat a lot of insects from the forest floor.

Millet and black oil sunflower seeds on platform feeders will attract White-throated Sparrows to your yard.

11. Chipping Sparrow

During the breeding season, from April to August, Chipping Sparrows may be seen in Massachusetts, although migrating birds may be seen all year. On 34% of summer checklists, they are documented.

The Chipatg Sparrow, a small, long-tailed species with a gray belly and brown and black streaked back, is slender. Their crown is rusted, and their eye line is black. Their hues are subdued in the winter.

• Spizella passerina
• Length: 4.7-5.9 in (12-15 cm)
• Weight: 0.4-0.6 oz (11-16 g)
• Wingspan: 8.3 in (21 cm)

Before flying to Mexico and Florida for the winter, Chipping Sparrows spend their summer breeding in the United States and Canada. In southern states, they may be seen all year.

Chipping Sparrows may be seen in small groups on open ground and will seek out many types of birdseed in your garden.

Seeds or broken maize on open feeders like hoppers and platforms will attract Chipping Sparrows to your yard.

12. Eastern Phoebe

From March to November, eastern Phoebes are most commonly seen in Massachusetts and they appear on 18% of summer checklists.

The back of Eastern Phoebes is grayish-brown, while the belly is white. The head is darker than that of Western Phoebes.

• Sayornis phoebe
• Length: 5.5-6.7 in (14-17 cm)
• Weight: 0.6-0.7 oz (16-21 g)
• Wingspan: 10.2-11.0 in (26-28 cm)

Before heading to the southeastern United States and Mexico for winter, eastern Phoebes are migratory birds that breed in northeastern and central America. Birds in the southern part of their range may stay here all year.

In quiet woodland, individual Eastern Phoebes wag their tails from low perches rather than in pairs or flocks.

Flying insects make up the majority of their diet, but they will also devour spiders and other arthropods, tiny fruits, and seeds. They are flycatchers. They build nests out of mud and grass, which they make nests on bridges, barns, or houses.

By installing a nest box or native plants that produce berries, you can attract Eastern Phoebes to your yard.

13. Common Yellowthroat

From May to November, Common Yellowthroats are most visible in Massachusetts during the breeding season. On 32% of summer checklists, they appear.

Brownish on the back and dazzling yellow underneath, with long tails, common yellowthroats are little songbirds. Over their faces, the males wear black masks. They may be more olive in parts beneath them, and the brightness of the yellow varies geographically.

• Geothlypis trichas
• Length: 4.3-5.1 in (11-13 cm)
• Weight: 0.3-0.3 oz (9-10 g)
• Wingspan: 5.9-7.5 in (15-19 cm)

Except for Alaska and northern Canada, Common Yellowthroats spend the summer breeding across most of North America. Along the Gulf Coast and Pacific Southwest, some species remain year-round. During the winter, they move south.

Common Yellowthroats may be found living in thick, tangled vegetation in marshy or wetland locations and brushy fields.

To attract insects, put out seed for Common Yellowthroats in huge backyards with thick vegetation.

There are several more types of warblers than there are common yellowthroats, which may be seen in Massachusetts. They have songs that are both beautiful and educational.

14. Brown-headed Cowbird – Female

Between March and July in Massachusetts, Brown-headed Cowbirds are seen on 22% of summer checklists, which is more common during the summer. The majority move during the winter, although 1% of winter checklists include some who stay.

Brown all over with slight streaking, female Brown-headed Cowbirds are brown. With black bodies, brown heads, and short tails, male Brown-headed Cowbirds are larger than females.

• Molothrus ater
• Length: 76.3-8.7 in (19-22 cm)
• Weight: 1.3-1.8 oz (42-50 g)
• Wingspan: 14.2 in (36 cm)

In the eastern United States, southern United States, and along the Pacific Coast, Brown-headed Cowbirds stay throughout the year. Breeding birds, on the other hand, travel south for the winter in northern and western states such as Wisconsin.

Since they are parasite birds that damage the eggs of smaller songbirds in order to lay their eggs in the nest and have the bird foster their chicks, they are frequently regarded a nuisance.

15. Cedar Waxwing

Massachusetts has year-round cedar waxwings, although they are most visible from June to November during the breeding season. Summer checklists in the state have them at 18%, while winter checklists have 3%.

The head, chest, and crest of Cedar Waxwings are a light brown color that fades to gray on the back, wings, and tail. These birds are sociable.

Towards the tail, their belly is pale yellow, then brilliant yellow. They have crimson wingtips and a little black mask over their eyes.

• Bombycilla cedrorum
• Length: 5.5-6.7 in (14-17 cm)
• Weight: 1.1 oz (32 g)
• Wingspan: 8.7-11.8 in (22-30 cm)

Throughout the northern half of the United States, Cedar Waxwings stay throughout the year. In Canada, those who breed migrate to the United States for the winter.

Berry bushes, woodlands, and streams are home to these high-pitched callers.

Planting native trees and shrubs with tiny fruit like serviceberry, dogwood, juniper, winterberry, and hawthorn can attract Cedar Waxwings to your yard. Fruit on platform feeders is another option.

16. Eastern Towhee

During the breeding season, from April to November, eastern towhees may be seen in Massachusetts. Summer checklists include them 21% of the time. Others, though, stay in the state year-round.

In males, the eastern towhees have a white belly and long tails. They are striking huge sparrows, similar to Robin in size. They have a black head, neck, and back with reddish sides. Brown instead of black females.

• Pipilo erythrophthalmus
• Length: 6.8-8.2 in (17.3-20.8 cm)
• Weight: 1.1-1.8 oz (32-52 g)
• Wingspan: 7.9-11.0 in (20-28 cm)

Birds in the north migrate south for the winter, while eastern Towhees reside throughout the year in southeastern US states.

Eastern Towhees may be seen rummaging in the bushes and around the borders of woods and thickets.

Eastern Towhees’ nests are frequently discovered among fallen leaves on the ground. They’re lined with soft grass and animal hair, and they’re constructed from twigs, bark, and leaves. They lay six eggs, which takes roughly two weeks to develop before they can fly and fledge.

Overgrown borders and platform feeders dispensing black oil sunflower seeds, hulled sunflower seeds, cracked corn, and millet may attract Eastern Towhees to your yard.

17. House Wren

In Massachusetts, House Wrens are the most common from May to October and appear in 17% of checklists during that time. The majority of them migrate during the winter, but a few stay.

Little nondescript brown birds with deeper barred wings and tails and a lighter throat, House Wrens are small. Their tails are frequently raised in the air.

• Troglodytes aedon
• Length: 4.3-5.1 in (11-13 cm)
• Weight: 0.3-0.4 oz (10-12 g)
• Wingspan: 5.9 in (15 cm)

Before heading to the southern United States and Mexico for winter, House Wrens spend the summer breeding in the United States and southern Canada.

House Wrens forage for insects and spiders in backyards, parks, and open woods. They’re frequently seen energetically hopping with their tails up through tangles and low branches, stopping to sing their cheery song.

When it comes to securing the greatest nesting holes, House Wrens are tough for their size. They’ll frequently torment bigger birds, dragging eggs and nestlings away from a nest they’ve chosen.

Leave piles of brush or construct a nest box to attract House Wrens to your yard.

18. Swamp Sparrow

Massachusetts has the highest number of Swamp Sparrows of any state, accounting for 8% of summer and 2% of winter checklists.

The backs of Swamp Sparrows are brown, and their crowns and wings are rusty. Gray breasts and white throats characterize them. Their beaks are yellow, and their heads are gray with a brown face with a dark eye line.

• Melospiza georgiana
• Length: 4.7-5.9 in (12-15 cm)
• Weight: 0.5-0.8 oz (15-23 g)
• Wingspan: 7.1-7.5 in (18-19 cm)

The east is home to Swamp Sparrows. Prior to migrating to eastern and southern US states, as well as Mexico, they breed in Canada and northeastern US states.

Swamps, marshes, bogs, and coastal marshes are home to Swamp Sparrows, as the name suggests. Throughout the winter, they eat seeds and fruit, and in the spring, they eat more insects.

Swamp Sparrow nests are usually constructed of twigs, leaves, and cattails and are usually hidden in vegetation on or near the ground. Grass and other plant material are used to line the nest.

Except during migration to yards with a lot of vegetation and water, Swamp Sparrows do not visit backyards.

19. Great-crested Flycatcher

From April to September, Great Crested Flycatchers stay in Massachusetts during the breeding season. Summer checklists have seen a rise of 17% since then.

The back of the Great Crested Flycatchers is brown, and their belly is yellow. The wing and tail feathers of these birds have reddish flashes. The crest isn’t especially noticeable.

• Myiarchus crinitus
• Length: 6.7-8.3 in (17-21 cm)
• Weight: 0.9-1.4 oz (27-40 g)
• Wingspan: 13.4 in (34 cm)

Great Crested Flycatchers winter in southern Florida, southern Mexico, and Central America after breeding across much of eastern North America.

They wait for huge insects flying, such as butterflies, grasshoppers, moths, wasps, and spiders to come swooping down from the trees. They may be observed perched on fenceposts or other artificial structures, as well as in mixed woodlands and at the edges of clearings, parks, and tree-lined neighborhoods. Berries and small fruits will be eaten as well.

By planting native flora and leaving brush heaps to attract insects, you can entice Great Crested Flycatchers to your yard. Furthermore, since they readily take up residence in nest boxes, plant berry-producing plants should be planted.

20. Savannah Sparrow

Throughout the spring and fall migrations, Savannah Sparrows may be seen in Massachusetts all year. During migration, they may be found in up to 18% of checklists, while throughout the remainder of the year, they are only found in less than 5%.

If you get close enough to a Savannah Sparrow, you will see this brown bird has a distinctive yellow patch by the eye. They also have short tails and a streaky brown coloring.

This brown bird has a prominent yellow patch by the eye, which you may notice if you get close enough to a Savannah Sparrow. Their tails are also small and their fur is brown with streaks.

• Passerculus sandwichensis
• Length: 4.3-5.9 in (11-15 cm)
• Weight: 0.5-1.0 oz (15-28 g)
• Wingspan: 7.9-8.7 in (20-22 cm)

Before heading to the southern United States for winter, Savannah Sparrows breed in Canada and the United States.

During the breeding season, Savannah Sparrows may be seen foraging for insects and spiders on the ground in open areas, such as grassland.

Savannah Sparrow nests are constructed of grass and are located on or near the ground. They lay six eggs, which take two weeks to hatch and another one or two weeks for the fledging young to emerge.

If you maintain brush piles, have long grass, and reside near fields, these birds may come to your yard on a regular basis.

21. Rose-breasted Grosbeak – Female

During Massachusetts’ breeding season, Rose-breasted Grosbeaks may be seen in 13% of summer checklists. They come in April and start migrating in October.

Brown with extensive streaking and a flash of yellow beneath the wings, female Rose-breasted Grosbeaks and juvenile males.

Male Rose-breasted Grosbeaks are black-and-white birds with black heads and backs, white bellies, and red breasts. Their wings are also covered in a vivid red.

• Pheucticus ludovicianus
• Length: 7.1-8.3 in (18-21 cm)
• Weight: 1.4-1.7 oz (39-49 g)
• Wingspan: 11.4-13.0 in (29-33 cm)

Northern US states, the Midwest, and southern and central Canada are home to Rose-breasted Grosbeaks. These may be spotted throughout the summer in southern states. Mexico, Central America, and the Caribbean are all places where Winter spends his time.

Rose-breasted Grosbeaks forage for insects, berries, and seeds in forests, parks, and backyards.

The branches of a low tree are home to Rose-breasted Grosbeak nests. Loosely constructed twigs, grass, and plants are used to make them. It takes two weeks for the eggs to hatch, roughly five in a batch. The eggs are then incubated alternately by both parents.

Sunflower seeds and peanuts are two foods that attract Rose-breasted Grosbeaks to your yard.

22. American Tree Sparrow

In Massachusetts, American Tree Sparrows arrive as early as September and remain until May, although the best months to see them are November through April. Winter checklists have a 10% chance of containing them.

The rusty caps, gray faces, and rusty eye line of American Tree sparrows make them look long-tailed brown-streaked plump birds.

• Spizelloides arborea
• Length: 5.5 in (14 cm)
• Weight: 0.5-1.0 oz (13-28 g)
• Wingspan: 9.4 in (24 cm)

In the United States, winter is spent with American Tree Sparrows, and summer is spent with Canadian Tree Sparrows. Except along the Pacific and Gulf Coasts, they breed in Canada’s far north and migrate to various US states during the winter.

In weedy fields and under bird feeders, you may watch American Tree Sparrows foraging in small flocks.

American Tree Sparrow nests are made of twigs, grass, and moss and are commonly found on or near the ground. They laid five eggs, which takes about two weeks to hatch and one week for the young to fledge.

Black oil sunflower seeds, nyjer, cracked corn, and millet are all attractants for American Tree Sparrows to your backyard platform feeders. Tube feeders’ seeds are also eaten by them.

23. Brown Creeper

All year round, Massachusetts is home to the Brown Creepers. Summer and winter checklists have a 3% chance of containing them.

With their streaked brown backs and white undersides, little songbirds like Brown Creepers are difficult to see against tree trunks.

• Certhia americana
• Length: 4.7-5.5 in (12-14 cm)
• Weight: 0.2-0.3 oz (5-10 g)
• Wingspan: 6.7-7.9 in (17-20 cm)

In the winter, brown Creepers may travel south and from higher altitudes, but they do not migrate. Alaska, southern Canada, the northeastern and eastern US states, as well as Mexico and Central America are among the places where they may be found. During certain winters, they may also migrate into the heartland and southeast.

When hunting for insects and larvae hidden in the bark of big trees in mature woodland, keep your eyes peeled on tree trunks of adult woodland with huge trees.

Unlike nuthatches, who face down the tree trunk, Brown Creepers are typically discovered working their way up the tree and facing upwards.

These birds make a high-piercing cry rather than song, which aids in their identification.

24. Hermit Thrush

In Massachusetts, all year round, Hermit Thrushes may be seen. Summer checklists have 4% of them, while winter checklists have 1%.

Upright stance, muscular builds, and long tails characterize Hermit Thrushes, a type of bird that stands upright. They have brown backs and a white underbelly, with markings on the neck and breast.

• Catharus guttatus
• Length: 5.5-7.1 in (14-18 cm)
• Weight: 0.8-1.3 oz (23-37 g)
• Wingspan: 9.8-11.4 in (25-29 cm)

In Canada, the northeast United States, and the western United States, Hermit Thrushes breed. Before spending the winter along the Pacific Coast, southeast states, and Mexico, they can be seen throughout migration in central states.

Canada, the northeast United States, and the western United States are all home to Hermit Thrushes. Before spending the winter along the Pacific Coast, southeast states, and Mexico, they may be seen during migration in central states.

In forest clearings, where the leaf litter is thick, Hermit Thrushes search for insects on the ground. Berries are eaten in the winter as well.

They seldom return to the gardens, although their melancholy melody may be heard throughout the spring and summer.

25. Wood Thrush

During the breeding season, from April to October, Wood Thrushes can be found in Massachusetts in 10% of checklists.

The plump white and black-spotted bellies of Wood Thrushes make them look somewhat odd. Brown on the back, with a reddish tint to the crown and upper back.

• Hylocichla mustelina
• Length: 7.5-8.3 in (19-21 cm)
• Weight: 1.4-1.8 oz (40-50 g)
• Wingspan: 11.8-13.4 in (30-34 cm)

In one night, Wood Thrushes fly from the eastern United States to Central America.

In mature forests, these birds hide and forage for insects like beetles and flies in leaf litter. They produce a “flute-like” song in the spring.

26. Field Sparrow

During the breeding season, field Sparrows may be found across Massachusetts every year, however they are only observed in 5% of summer checklists.

Little, thin brown-backed birds with black streaks, Field Sparrows are a small bird. They have a crimson crown and pink beak, and their undersides are gray as well as their heads.

• Spizella pusilla
• Length: 4.7-5.9 in (12-15 cm)
• Weight: 0.4-0.5 oz (11-15 g)
• Wingspan: 7.9 in (20 cm)

In the eastern United States, Field Sparrows can be found throughout the year, and those breeding in the Midwest migrate south for winter.

Since males sing from a perch in the early mornings, finding Field Sparrows during breeding season is simple. They prefer deserted fields and are timid, so they quietly feed on weeds and seeds before being noticed.

During the breeding season, Field Sparrow nests get taller and taller as the first brood of nesting birds is completed on the ground. They lay between five and ten eggs, which take two weeks to hatch, and construct their nests out of grass. The young fledge in only a week after that.

Cracked corn, hulled sunflower seeds, and millet are all good attractant options for Field Sparrows in your backyard.

27. Purple Finch – Female

Throughout the year, Purple Finches may be seen in Massachusetts, although numbers rise during migration season in May and October. At this time, up to 6% of checklists have them documented.

Males have reddish-purple heads and breasts, with more brown on the back and wings, and a paler belly than females Purple Finches, who are brown-streaked all over. They’re redder, particularly at the top of their back, and they resemble House Finches.

• Haemorhous purpureus
• Length: 4.7-6.3 in (12-16 cm)
• Weight: 0.6-1.1 oz (18-32 g)
• Wingspan: 8.7-10.2 in (22-26 cm)

Overwinters in eastern US states, but may be found all year in the north-east and Pacific coast, where purple Finches breed.

Purple Finch feeds on seeds, buds, nectar, and berries in evergreen woods.

High up in the trees, Purple Finches nests can be found. Twigs, barks, weeds, and moss are used to craft them. The female incubates three to five eggs for thirteen days.

Black oil sunflower seeds attract purple finches to your garden.

28. Brown Thrasher

From April through October, Brown Thrashers may be found in Massachusetts, accounting for 4% of summer checklists.

Brown thrashers are a huge songbird with lengthy proportions. They resemble a robin in terms of size. Their bellies and chests are streaked with white, and they have brown backs. They have bright yellow eyes and gray faces.

• Toxostoma rufum
• Length: 9.1-11.8 in (23-30 cm)
• Weight: 2.1-3.1 oz (61-89 g)
• Wingspan: 11.4-12.6 in (29-32 cm)

Central and eastern North America are home to the Brown Thrashers. Birds in the southeast of their range stay here year-round, but those further north go south for the winter.

Central and eastern North America are home to the Brown Thrashers. Birds further north migrate south for the winter, while those in the southeast of their range stay throughout the year.

Because they spend most of their time in thickets and shrubbery, Brown Thrashers are difficult to spot for their size. They can be heard rummaging around the ground in the leaf litter and dirt, hunting for insects, while simultaneously eating berries, beetles, and flying insects from the air.

These most skillful songbirds sing over 1000 distinct song types, making them one of the largest North American songbirds in terms of variety.

Brown Thrashers will pick fallen seeds from beneath feeders if you provide them with plenty of cover and fruit shrubs in your yard.

29. Marsh Wren

During the breeding season, Marsh Wrens can be found in Massachusetts, and they account for 4% of summer checklists. From mid-April through early October, they’re most prevalent, although they can be seen at any time of year.

Brown with black and white streaks on their backs, Marsh Wrens are a species of bird. The wren’s unique upright tail can be seen on their underside, which is grayish brown. Males and femen look identical.

They have longer bills than Sedge Wrens and lack stripes on their shoulders, although they appear similar.

• Cistothorus palustris
• Length: 3.9-5.5 in (10-14 cm)
• Weight: 0.3-0.5 oz (9-14 g)
• Wingspan: 5.9 in (15 cm)

Before moving to southern states and Mexico, marsh wrens breed in northern US states and Central Canada. In the west and along the Atlantic Coast, certain birds may spend the whole year in one location. During their migration, they may be seen in the eastern United States.

Before moving to southern states and Mexico, Marsh Wrens breed in northern US states and Central Canada. Several birds in the west and along the Atlantic Ocean’s coast may spend the entire year there. During migration in the eastern United States, you may see them.

Marsh Wrens may be found hanging from reeds in wetlands, each foot grabbing a distinct stalk. Although they’re difficult to detect, listen for singing among the reeds at dawn and dusk, especially. They eat flies and spiders, which they capture in the vicinity of the water.

Except for a tiny aperture at the top, Marsh Wren nests are completely enclosed. Reed and grasses are woven together to create them.

30. Northern Waterthrush

From April to September, Northern Waterthrushes can be found in Massachusetts, and they appear on 4% of summer checklists.

Large, thrush-like birds, northern waterthrushes are widespread. Males and femen look a lot alike. They have dark brown backs and white rumps, with thick, black eyebrows and a deep, heavy streaking from their throats all the way to their rumps.

• Parkesia noveboracensis
• Length: 5.75 inches (15 cm)
• Weight: 0.8 oz (23 g)
• Wingspan: 8.75 inches (22 cm)

Before travelling to Mexico, Central and South America, and the Caribbean, Northern Waterthrushes breed in Canada, Alaska, and northeastern US states. In Central and South America, some may stay all year.

Dark, woody swamps, thickets, and bogs are all good places to look for Northern Waterthrushes. You’ll almost certainly find a Northern Waterthrush around any still or sluggish water in the woods. They’re most often found among mangroves in the winter in tropical areas.

Northern Waterthrushes may be found in damp, woody areas, thickets, and bogs. Northern Waterthrush may be found around still or sluggish water in the woods. You’ll most likely find them among mangroves in the tropics during the winter.

Foragers in the waterthrushes family are both aquatic and terrestrial. They can walk on shallow water in pursuit of water beetles, mosquitoes, slugs, crustaceans, and occasionally small fish thanks to their long legs. Caterpillars, moths, and ants are among the insects they consume.

Northern Waterthrush nests are frequently found beside water in hollows or crevices. The nests are frequently hidden among ferns and may be found on a moss-covered stump or underneath a protruding bank.

Northern Waterthrushes’ nests are commonly found near water, in hollows or crevices. The nests are normally concealed amid ferns, whether they’re amid a moss-covered stump or beneath a projecting rock.

31. Winter Wren

In Massachusetts, winter Wrens can be found on both summer and winter checklists, accounting for 1% of the state’s total.

Little, fat brown birds with black wing barring, tail barring, and belly barring are known as Winter Wrens. They have paler eyebrows and short tails, which they hold upright. Males and femenas have the same look.

Winter Wrens are thought to be the same species as Pacific Wrens, but they sing different songs and look very similar to Pacific Wrens.

• Troglodytes hiemalis
• Length: 3.1-4.7 in (8-12 cm)
• Weight: 0.3-0.4 oz (8-12 g)
• Wingspan: 4.7-6.3 in (12-16 cm)

Eastern US states during winter, while northeastern US states during summer, while Canada throughout the year.

In forests and backyards, look for Winter Wrens hidden in tangly shrubbery. By rummaging through fallen leaves and rotting wood, they devour insects and spiders.

Twigs, moss, and grass are woven together in a circular shape with a tiny aperture to make Winter Wren nests. Hatching takes two or two and a half weeks, and the eggs are laid in clusters of nine.

Native plants and thick vegetation attract winter wrens to your yard.

32. Pine Siskin

From October through May, Pine Siskins are observed in 1% of winter checklists throughout Massachusetts.

The wings and tail of Pine Siskins are striped with yellow streaks. They possess a pointed bill and a forked tail with pointed wings.

• Spinus Pinus
• Length: 4.3-5.5 in (11-14 cm)
• Weight: 0.4-0.6 oz (12-18 g)
• Wingspan: 7.1-8.7 in (18-22 cm)

Throughout the pine woodlands of the western states, as well as along the Canadian Border, Pine Siskins stay throughout the year. Before heading south for winter, some of them breed in Canada.

They may be found across most of North America, depending on the pine cone crops. Pine Siskins primarily eat conifer seeds, but they will also eat young buds and seeds from grasses and weeds, as their name suggests.

They may be located across much of North America, depending on the pine cone crops. Pine Siskins eat mostly pine seeds, but they will also consume young buds and seeds from grasses and weeds. As the name suggests, they specialize on pine seeds.

Thistle and nyjer feeders will attract Pine Siskins to your yards, as will black oil sunflower seeds and suet.

33. White-crowned Sparrow

During the spring and fall migrations in May and October, White-crowned Sparrows may be seen in Massachusetts.

White-crowned Sparrows are big grayish sparrows with long tails, little beaks, and bold black-and-white stripes on their heads.

• Zonotrichia leucophrys
• Length: 5.9-6.3 in (15-16 cm)
• Weight: 0.9-1.0 oz (25-28 g)
• Wingspan: 8.3-9.4 in (21-24 cm)

Before going south to the lower 48 and Mexico for winter, White-crowned Sparrows breed in Alaska and arctic Canada. Others, on the other hand, may be found all year along the Pacific Coast and in the highlands.

White-crowned Sparrows may be seen foraging for weeds and grass seeds, as well as fruit like elderberries and blackberries, in weedy fields, along road shoulders, forest borders, and in yards.

Twigs, grass, moss, and pine needles are used to construct White-crowned Sparrow nests, which are frequently placed low to the ground in shrubs or on the tundra. They laid seven eggs, which take about two weeks to hatch and nine days for the chicks to fledge.

Sunflower seeds attract White-crowned Sparrows to your yard, and other birds’ seeds are eaten at the feeders.

34. Swainson’s Thrush

In May and September, Swainson’s Thrushes are most often seen in Massachusetts. Spring and autumn have 7% and 3% of checklists, respectively, that report them.

In May and September, Swainson’s Thrushes can be found in Massachusetts. In spring, 7% of checklists include them, and in autumn, 3% do.

Medium-sized thrushes with brown on the back, Swainson’s Thrushes are pale underneath with spotted chests.

• Catharus ustulatus
• Length: 6.3-7.5 in (16-19 cm)
• Weight: 0.8-1.6 oz (23-45 g)
• Wingspan: 11.4-12.2 in (29-31 cm)

During the breeding season, Swainson’s Thrushes may be found foraging through leaf litter for insects and red fruits such as blackberries, raspberries, huckleberries, and sumac. Ants are fed to nestlings, and they also consume ants.

Swainson’s Thrushes breed in Canada and Alaska before heading into Central and South America for winter, only being seen during migration in the spring and fall in the lower 48.

Ground-level birdbaths and providing tree and shrub cover will help attract Swainson’s Thrushes to your yard.

35. Louisiana Waterthrush

In 1% of summer checklists, Louisiana Waterthrushes are found. From April to mid-September, they are most commonly seen in Massachusetts.

In comparison to other warblers, Louisiana Waterthrushes are drab. On top, they are brown, while on the bottom, they are white. Long pink legs and a white eyebrow stripe distinguish them.

• Parkesia motacilla
• Length: 5.9-6.1 in (15-15.5 cm)
• Weight: 0.6-0.8 oz (18.2-22.9 g)
• Wingspan: 9.4-10.6 in (24-27 cm)

During migration, Louisiana Waterthrushes may be found in the southeast United States. They return in the spring early in the year after spending the winter in Mexico, Central America, and the Caribbean.

Louisiana Waterthrush may be located in woodlands hunting for insects, vertebrates, and larvae, especially near streams and moving water.

Louisiana Waterthrush nests are usually discovered among roots or beneath logs along the bank of a creek. The nest is formed with mud and includes leaves, pine needles, and other plant materials.

36. Spotted Towhee

In Massachusetts, Spotted Towhees are a uncommon or unusual species that was last seen in 2021 around Allens Pond.

Males of Spotted Towhees are black on the head, neck, and back, while females are brown. With white dots on their wings and back, as well as long tails, both males and femen have reddish-brown sides and bellies.

• Pipilo maculatus
• Length: 6.7-8.3 in (17-21 cm)
• Weight: 1.2-1.7 oz (33-49 g)
• Wingspan: 11.0 in (28 cm)

After breeding, Spotted Towhees migrate south to Texas from the west coast of the United States.

Beetles, crickets, grasshoppers, caterpillars, wasps, and bees are among the insects spotted Towhees scrappofg around for on the ground in thick tangles of shrubs. Acorns, berries, and seeds are among the foods they consume.

Nests of Spotted Towhees are made of leaves, stems, and bark lined with softer material and are usually placed on or near the ground. They lay six eggs, which take two weeks to hatch and another ten days for the juvenile to fledge.

If you leave overgrown borders, attract Spotted Towhees to your yard, and they will feed on Black Oil Sunflower seeds, Hulled Sunflower seeds, Cracked Corn, Millet, and Milo at platform or ground feeders.

37. Golden-crowned Sparrow

In Massachusetts, golden-crowned Sparrows are an unusual sight and are classified as an accidental species. Around Katama Farm, they were last seen in 2021.

The underside of the Golden-crowned Sparrow is grayish-brown, and the back is streaked brown. A black crown and a brilliant-yellow forehead distinguish them from other species.

In the winter, their crown colors are duller and brown, while their forehead color is duller as well.

• Zonotrichia atricapilla
• Length: 5.9-7.1 in (15-18 cm)
• Weight: 1.1-1.2 oz (30-33 g)

Before going to the West Coast for winter, Golden-crowned Sparrows breed in Alaska and western Canada.

Golden-crowned Sparrows may be seen scratching for dock, sumac, and geranium seeds in weedy fields. Apples, grapes, elderberry, and olives are among the fruits they consume. Ants, beetles, butterflies, and termites are among the insects that consume portions of their diets.

Nests made of twigs, moss, and leaves are frequently found on the ground and belong to Golden-crowned Sparrows. Animal hair, grass, and feathers are used to line them.

With ground feeders or plant native plants that fruit, attract Golden-crowned Sparrows to your yard.

38. Bewick’s Wren

In Massachusetts, Bewick’s Wrens are an accidental species. They’ve been missing for a long time in the state and haven’t been seen in many years.

Brown-backed birds with long gray upright tails and deeper barring are Bewick’s Wrens. Their bellies are gray, and their eyes have a white stripe.

• Thryomanes bewickii
• Length: 5.1 in (13 cm)
• Weight: 0.3-0.4 oz (8-12 g)

Bewick’s Wrens are found throughout the year in southern and western regions, with a few winter movements.

Bewick’s Wrens may be seen hopping from limb to limb, flicking their lengthy tails, in scrub, thickets, and open woodland. Bees, bugs, caterpillars, and beetles are among the insects and larvae they consume.

Nesting sites include rock ledges, abandoned woodpecker nests, nest boxes, and cracks in buildings. They’re made of sticks and grasses with a softer lining and are shaped like cups. Hatching takes two weeks, and fledging another two weeks. Thye lay three to eight eggs.

With suet, mealworms, and hulled sunflower seeds, attract Bewick Wrens to your yard.

How Frequently Brown Birds Are Spotted In Massachusetts In Summer And Winter

Checklists are a fantastic tool for discovering which species are most often seen in your area. On checklists on ebird in Massachusetts throughout the summer and winter, these lists show which brown birds are most commonly recorded.

Brown Birds in Massachusetts in summer:

American Robin 67.1%

Song Sparrow 55.0%

Northern Cardinal 52.6%

Mourning Dove 50.0%

American Goldfinch 49.7%

Chipping Sparrow 34.2%

House Sparrow 34.1%

Common Yellowthroat 32.8%

Northern Flicker 23.6%

Brown-headed Cowbird 22.2%

Eastern Towhee 21.3%

House Finch 20.6%

Eastern Phoebe 18.9%

Cedar Waxwing 18.9%

House Wren 17.6%

Great Crested Flycatcher 17.5%

Carolina Wren 15.5%

Rose-breasted Grosbeak 13.0%

Wood Thrush 10.9%

White-throated Sparrow 8.7%

Swamp Sparrow 8.5%

Savannah Sparrow 5.7%

Field Sparrow 5.2%

Hermit Thrush 4.8%

Brown Thrasher 4.7%

Northern Waterthrush 4.4%

Marsh Wren 4.0%

Purple Finch 4.0%

Brown Creeper 3.4%

Swainson’s Thrush 2.2%

Winter Wren 1.4%

Louisiana Waterthrush 1.2%

White-crowned Sparrow 1.0%

Pine Siskin 0.3%

Golden-crowned Sparrow <0.1%

American Tree Sparrow <0.1%

Brown Birds in Massachusetts in winter:

Northern Cardinal 37.5%

Song Sparrow 28.3%

Mourning Dove 27.8%

American Goldfinch 26.7%

American Robin 26.1%

House Sparrow 25.3%

House Finch 19.1%

White-throated Sparrow 18.9%

Carolina Wren 16.9%

American Tree Sparrow 10.6%

Northern Flicker 8.2%

Brown Creeper 3.5%

Cedar Waxwing 3.0%

Swamp Sparrow 2.1%

Hermit Thrush 1.8%

Hermit Thrush 1.8%

Savannah Sparrow 1.6%

Winter Wren 1.2%

Purple Finch 1.2%

Pine Siskin 1.2%

Brown-headed Cowbird 1.0%

Field Sparrow 0.8%

Eastern Towhee 0.8%

White-crowned Sparrow 0.4%

Chipping Sparrow 0.3%

Marsh Wren 0.3%

Eastern Phoebe 0.1%

Brown Thrasher 0.1%

Common Yellowthroat 0.1%

House Wren <0.1%

Spotted Towhee <0.1%

Northern Waterthrush <0.1%

Rose-breasted Grosbeak <0.1%

Wood Thrush <0.1%

Swainson’s Thrush <0.1%

Golden-crowned Sparrow <0.1%

Great Crested Flycatcher <0.1%