This comprehensive guide will aid you in the identification of the various warbler species that frequently inhabit Alaska. Equipped with
This comprehensive guide will aid you in the identification of the various warbler species that frequently inhabit Alaska. Equipped with photo identification, detailed descriptions, captivating audio recordings of their melodious songs, intriguing facts, and more, it’s your ultimate resource.
Warblers, those petite migratory songbirds, embark on extensive journeys from as far as South America, traversing vast distances to reach their breeding grounds, which may extend as far as Canada. These vibrant avian creatures, adorned in dazzling hues of yellow and green, flit through the woodlands with remarkable agility, serenading the air with their diverse repertoire of captivating melodies.
Recognized as wood-warblers in North America, these delightful birds predominantly inhabit woodland areas and forests. However, an interesting phenomenon known as “warbler neck” may arise from the ardent pursuit of observing these avian beauties. This condition manifests as a discomforting stiffness in the neck and tingling sensations, often resulting from gazing upwards into the trees with binoculars in hand, all in a quest to spot these elusive creatures.
While warblers primarily subsist on insects, they occasionally pay visits to backyard feeders in search of seeds or mealworms. Discover other captivating bird species that frequently grace the Alaskan landscape and obtain a complimentary identification chart.
This comprehensive guide has been crafted to facilitate the identification of regularly occurring warbler species in Alaska, utilizing avibase as a reliable reference and incorporating data sourced from avid birdwatchers via ebird. Thus, the information provided within is grounded in real-life observations, enabling you to determine the optimal moments for spotting these exquisite birds.
During the summer season in Alaska, you can anticipate encountering a myriad of warbler species, including the Yellow-rumped Warbler, Orange-crowned Warbler, Wilson’s Warbler, Yellow Warbler, Townsend’s Warbler, Northern Waterthrush, Blackpoll Warbler, Arctic Warbler, Common Yellowthroat, American Redstart, and MacGillivray’s Warbler.
Additionally, it’s worth noting that several warbler species, while not typically found in Alaska, may occasionally make appearances as accidental visitors. These accidental warblers include the Tennessee Warbler, Chestnut-sided Warbler, Black-and-white Warbler, Northern Parula, Ovenbird, Nashville Warbler, Yellow-throated Warbler, Palm Warbler, Black-throated Gray Warbler, Cape May Warbler, Magnolia Warbler, Bay-breasted Warbler, Cerulean Warbler, and Mourning Warbler.
Ever wondered what warblers sound like? Frequently, their enchanting songs reach your ears before you lay eyes upon their fleeting forms. Familiarizing yourself with a few distinct warbler songs can significantly aid in identifying the avian performers. Some warbler songs possess a buzzy quality, while others exhibit clarity or trilling patterns. The pitch may rise or fall, and various sonic elements intertwine to create their unique melodies. A buzzing note echoes the insect realm, clear notes resemble whistles, and trills are so rapid that individual notes become indiscernible.
This guide not only provides you with visual and auditory aids for identifying warbler species but also directs you to an additional resource encompassing 13 easily recognizable warbler songs, facilitating the learning process.
Allow us to delve into a selection of warblers distinguished by their distinctive songs:
Black-throated Blue Warblers emit a rising, buzzy song. Similarly, Prairie Warblers produce buzzy, ascending melodies. Black-throated Green Warblers also emit a buzzy song, interspersed with a couple of clear notes in the middle. The Blackpoll Warbler’s song is clear and steady, resembling the buzz of an insect. Prairie Warblers’ song exhibits a buzzy quality while rising in pitch. Lastly, the Palm Warbler’s song is characterized by its buzzy nature.
Other warblers showcase songs with clear notes. The Common Yellowthroat’s song comprises a series of notes that ascend and descend before repeating. The Ovenbird’s song follows a similar pattern, with ascending and descending notes. Hooded Warblers also exhibit clarity in their melodies. The Chestnut-sided Warbler’s song consists of a series of falling notes that accelerate towards the end. Yellow-rumped Warblers produce a sequence of clear notes that gradually fade away. Meanwhile, Yellow Warblers’ songs accelerate in pace. The Northern Parula concludes its rising trill with a distinct note, akin to a period to signal its conclusion. Wilson’s Warblers enchant listeners with a series of falling notes, maintaining clarity throughout.
Alaska is home to a remarkable array of 25 warbler species:
1. Yellow-rumped Warbler
Yellow-rumped Warblers grace the Alaskan breeding season from April to November, as they feature in 21% of the summer checklists submitted by dedicated birdwatchers. These charming birds boast gray plumage accented by vibrant flashes of yellow on their faces, sides, and rumps, along with white wings. Female individuals may exhibit a slightly browner hue, while winter birds display paler brown shades. Their rumps and sides transition from bright yellow to gray as spring unfolds. Within this species, two distinct subspecies exist: the Myrtle Warbler, found in the eastern United States and Canadian boreal forests, lacking a yellow throat, and the Audubon’s Warbler of the western regions, featuring more extensive white in their wings.
- Setophaga coronata
- Length: 4.7-5.5 inches (12-14 cm)
- Weight: 0.4-0.5 ounces (12-13 g)
- Wingspan: 7.5-9.1 inches (19-23 cm)
Yellow-rumped Warblers predominantly breed in Canada, as well as portions of the Rockies and the Appalachian Mountains. During migration, they journey through the Midwest before overwintering in southern and southwestern U.S. states, along the Pacific Coast, and extending into Mexico and Central America. These delightful warblers favor coniferous forests during the breeding season, primarily consuming insects. On their migratory and wintering journeys, their diet consists predominantly of fruits such as bayberry and wax myrtle.
To truly appreciate the melodic prowess of Yellow-rumped Warblers, allow their song to transport you to their enchanting world:
Credit: Christopher McPherson, XC602699. Accessible at www.xeno-canto.org/602699.
Yellow-rumped Warblers construct nests within conifer trees, utilizing twigs, pine needles, grass, and soft materials like moss and hair to fashion cozy havens. The female lays up to six eggs, which require approximately two weeks to hatch. Subsequently, the fledglings spend an additional two weeks maturing before embarking on their independent journeys. To entice these charming warblers to your backyard, consider providing them with nourishing treats such as sunflower seeds, suet, raisins, and peanut butter.
A fascinating tidbit about Yellow-rumped Warblers is their propensity to form flocks numbering in the thousands during winter. They exhibit an assertive disposition toward any other species that encroach upon their territory.
2. Orange-crowned Warbler
Orange-crowned Warblers make their presence known in Alaska during the summer months, from April to September, with a few individuals lingering until December. These captivating creatures appear in 19% of summer checklists.
Orange-crowned Warblers, while lacking the vibrant hues often associated with warblers, possess a distinctive charm, thanks to their yellow-olive plumage. Notably, those inhabiting the Pacific Coast exhibit a more pronounced yellow tone. Their orange crown, although less frequently visible, adds an intriguing touch.
- Leiothlypis celata
- Length: 4.3-5.5 inches (11-14 cm)
- Weight: 0.3-0.4 ounces (7-11 g)
- Wingspan: 7.5 inches (19 cm)
Breeding primarily in Canada and western U.S. states, Orange-crowned Warblers embark on migrations along the Pacific, East, and Gulf Coasts, as well as Mexico. During their migratory passages, they traverse almost all U.S. states, excluding the northeastern region.
You’ll find these delightful warblers amidst shrubs and low vegetation, with a preference for open woodlands during the breeding season. Their diet mainly comprises spiders and insects, including caterpillars and flies. They also demonstrate an affinity for fruits, berries, and seeds, often paying visits to backyard feeders.
Indulge in the melodious song of the Orange-crowned Warbler, a delightful composition that resonates with nature’s symphony:
Credit: Paul Marvin, XC671865. Accessible at www.xeno-canto.org/671865.
Nests of Orange-crowned Warblers rest near or upon the ground, carefully constructed from dead leaves, twigs, stems, and adorned with a lining of soft grass and animal hair. Within these cozy abodes, they lay up to six eggs.
To attract the vibrant presence of Orange-crowned Warblers to your yard, entice them with suet, peanut butter, or hummingbird feeders filled with delectable sugar water nectar.
It’s worth noting that Orange-crowned Warblers demonstrate a unique behavior of sipping from the sapwells created by sapsuckers and woodpeckers—a remarkable display of harmonious interactions among avian species.
3. Wilson’s Warbler
Wilson’s Warblers grace the Alaskan landscape from May to November, breeding within the state. These delightful songbirds feature in 12% of checklists during this period.
Wilson’s Warblers enchant with their petite, round forms, draped in resplendent yellow plumage. Males sport a large black cap, while females boast a smaller black cap.
- Cardellina pusilla
- Length: 3.9-4.7 inches (10-12 cm)
- Weight: 0.2-0.3 ounces (5-10 g)
- Wingspan: 5.5-6.7 inches (14-17 cm)
Breeding occurs in Canada, Alaska, and northwestern U.S. states. During migration, Wilson’s Warblers journey across all U.S. states, while their wintering grounds span Mexico and Central America.
To encounter Wilson’s Warblers, explore streams, thickets, and forest edges, where they forage for insects, larvae, and spiders.
Listen to the captivating song of Wilson’s Warblers, a delightful cascade of falling notes that paints the air with their harmonies:
Credit: Thomas G. Graves, XC561438. Accessible at www.xeno-canto.org/561438.
Nests of Wilson’s Warblers remain well concealed on the ground, nestled near trees or shrubs. Constructed from leaves, sedges, grass, bark, moss, and various plant materials, these nests create a cozy sanctuary. The female lays around five eggs, requiring approximately eleven days to hatch, with an additional ten days for the fledglings to depart the nest.
While Wilson’s Warblers do not typically visit feeders, they appreciate the presence of native trees and shrubs in backyard environments.
An intriguing aspect of Wilson’s Warblers’ behavior is their ability to distract potential nest predators by feigning a broken wing, drawing the predator away before resuming flight—a remarkable strategy to safeguard their nesting grounds.
4. Yellow Warbler
Yellow Warblers grace the Alaskan breeding season from May, commencing their migratory journeys in November. These charming birds appear in up to 11% of summer checklists.
Yellow Warblers, adorned in bright yellow plumage with hints of yellow-green on their backs, captivate with their vibrant presence. Male individuals display chestnut streaks on their breasts, while females and juveniles exhibit a slightly milder coloration.
- Setophaga petechia
- Length: 4.7-5.1 inches (12-13 cm)
- Weight: 0.3-0.4 ounces (9-11 g)
- Wingspan: 6.3-7.9 inches (16-20 cm)
These warblers embark on extensive migrations, breeding in Canada and the United States (excluding southeastern states), then venturing to Central and South America for winter. During their migratory journeys, they traverse southeastern U.S. states.
Yellow Warblers frequent streams, wetlands, and thickets, often perched along field edges as they search for insects, including caterpillars, midges, beetles, bugs, and wasps.
Delight in the melodious song of the Yellow Warbler, an enchanting composition that resonates with nature’s serenade:
Credit: Richard E. Webster, XC662546. Accessible at www.xeno-canto.org/662546.
Nests of Yellow Warblers find their abode in small trees or shrubs, meticulously woven together using bark, grass, and plant materials, secured with the assistance of spider webs. The cozy cup-shaped nests receive a lining of softer materials such as hair, feathers, and plant down. Within these nurturing havens, the female lays up to seven eggs, requiring approximately twelve days to hatch, with an additional ten days for the fledglings to venture into the world.
To entice Yellow Warblers to grace your backyard, consider offering enticing treats such as suet, oranges, peanut butter, and plants that bear berries. Additionally, nurturing native plants that attract insects without the use of pesticides and maintaining an environment that embraces a touch of natural wildness will undoubtedly allure these delightful creatures. Birdbaths with fountains, strategically placed near secluded greenery, provide a sense of protection.
An intriguing behavior of Yellow Warblers is their response to the presence of cowbirds, who frequently lay their eggs in their nests. When detected, the Yellow Warblers construct a new nest atop the old one, persevering through this process up to six times!
5. Townsend’s Warbler
Townsend’s Warblers grace the Alaskan landscape during summer, with sightings spanning from April to October, and a few individuals lingering until January. These captivating birds feature in 6% of checklists during this period.
Townsend’s Warblers captivate with their striking appearance. Males adorn black crowns, cheeks, and throats, accompanied by yellow eyebrows and a crescent-shaped yellow patch beneath the eyes. Their bellies transition to white, complemented by black spots on their yellow upper backs. The black wings bear two white wingbars. White bellies complete their stunning plumage.
- Setophaga townsendi
- Length: 4.75-5 inches (12-13 cm)
- Weight: 0.3 ounces (9 g)
- Wingspan: 7.5-8 inches (19-20 cm)
Breeding primarily in western Canada, northwestern U.S. states, and Alaska, Townsend’s Warblers embark on migratory journeys along the Pacific Coast, Mexico, Central America, and beyond.
These captivating warblers favor tall and dense coniferous forests in coastal regions and mountainous areas. They thrive amidst pine, oak, alder, madrones, and laurels. Their foraging activities take place among twigs and branches, targeting insects like caterpillars, bugs, beetles, and leafhoppers. They may also hover amidst foliage to secure their meals.
During winter, Townsend’s Warblers exhibit a unique feeding behavior—indulging in the sugary excretions of scale insects. They establish and protect territories surrounding these insects, engaging in a mutually beneficial relationship.
Immerse yourself in the delightful song of the Townsend’s Warbler, a harmonious composition that echoes through the natural realm:
Credit: Paul Marvin, XC710935. Accessible at www.xeno-canto.org/710935.
Nests of Townsend’s Warblers find their perch high in the trees, often atop branches. Constructed using grass stems, mosses, barks, feathers, and animal hair, these nests provide a secure environment for the female to lay her eggs.
To welcome the presence of Townsend’s Warblers into your winter backyard, prepare mealworms, peanut butter, and suet. These charming birds often visit backyard feeders when temperatures turn chilly.
Noteworthy is the fact that Townsend’s Warblers owe their name to the esteemed American ornithologist, John Kirk Townsend.
6. Northern Waterthrush
Northern Waterthrushes grace the Alaskan landscape from May to October, finding their breeding grounds within the state. These captivating birds are present in 7% of summer checklists.
Northern Waterthrushes, reminiscent of thrushes in appearance, showcase similar traits in both males and females. Their brown heads feature thick white eyebrows, while dark brown backs and white bellies adorned with heavy streaking create a captivating contrast.
- Parkesia noveboracensis
- Length: 5.75 inches (15 cm)
- Weight: 0.8 ounces (23 g)
- Wingspan: 8.75 inches (22 cm)
Breeding occurs in Canada, Alaska, and northeastern U.S. states, with subsequent migrations spanning Mexico, Central and South America, and the Caribbean. Some individuals may choose to remain in Central and South America throughout the year.
You’ll encounter Northern Waterthrushes in dark, woody swamps, thickets, and bogs. These charming birds display a fondness for still or sluggish waters within forests. During winter months in tropical regions, they often seek refuge amidst mangroves.
Northern Waterthrushes exhibit remarkable versatility in their foraging habits, adeptly navigating both aquatic and terrestrial environments. Their long legs enable them to walk upon shallow waters, in search of water beetles, mosquitoes, slugs, crustaceans, snails, and even small fish. They also indulge in caterpillars, moths, and ants, diligently uncovering them beneath leaves.
Immerse yourself in the captivating song of the Northern Waterthrush, a delightful composition that captures the essence of their enchanting presence:
Credit: Jeff Dyck, XC416169. Accessible at www.xeno-canto.org/416169.
Nests of Northern Waterthrushes often find their abode near water, nestled within hollows, crevices, moss-covered stumps, or under jutting banks. These nests remain concealed amidst ferns, crafted with meticulous precision using moss, twigs, pine needles, bark strips, and roots. The female lays approximately five eggs, which require around two weeks of incubation. The fledglings depart the nest within one to two weeks.
A fascinating behavior of Northern Waterthrushes is their tendency to walk rather than hop, bobbing their tails as they explore the ground, creating an endearing visual
spectacle.
7. Blackpoll Warbler
Blackpoll Warblers make appearances in Alaska from May to mid-November, representing 4% of summer checklists.
Blackpoll Warblers exhibit striking black-and-white streaked plumage in males, with a black cap and white cheeks. Females also bear black-and-white patterns, albeit without the black cap and white cheeks.
In late summer, these warblers undergo a molt, transitioning into yellow plumage with darker streaks on their backs.
- Setophaga striata
- Length: 5.5 inches (14 cm)
- Weight: 0.4-0.5 ounces (12-13 g)
- Wingspan: 8.3-9.1 inches (21-23 cm)
Breeding predominantly in Canada, Blackpoll Warblers are visible during spring migration in the eastern United States. They embark on extensive fall migrations to their wintering grounds in South America and the Caribbean.
Blackpoll Warblers favor forested habitats, where they predominantly feed on spiders and insects. However, during the fall, they also consume fruit such as honeysuckle and pokeberry.
Immerse yourself in the delightful song of the Blackpoll Warbler, characterized by clear and steady notes that resemble the buzz of an insect:
Credit: Christopher McPherson, XC598813. Accessible at www.xeno-canto.org/598813.
Nests of Blackpoll Warblers often find their abode near the trunks of fir trees, carefully constructed from twigs and lichen by the female. Within these nests, the female lays up to five eggs, requiring approximately twelve days for incubation, followed by ten days for the young to fledge.
A noteworthy fact about Blackpoll Warblers is their remarkable non-stop flight across the Atlantic Ocean during fall migrations, showcasing an extraordinary feat for any Old World insectivore.
8. Arctic Warbler
Arctic Warblers grace the Alaskan landscape from June to mid-October, representing 1% of summer checklists. These enchanting birds captivate with their olive-green heads, backs, and sides, adorned with a whitish eye line that extends from the bill to the back of the head. Whitish-yellow bellies complete their captivating plumage. Notably, Arctic Warblers possess a single, small, pale wingbar, setting them apart from other warbler species.
- Phylloscopus borealis
- Length: 5 inches (13 cm)
- Weight: 0.4 ounces (11 g)
- Wingspan: 7.75 inches (20 cm)
Arctic Warblers thrive in the temperate regions of Alaska, embracing forests rich in birch, willow, and spruce trees. These charming birds embark on the longest migration routes among their Old World insectivore counterparts.
You’ll encounter Arctic Warblers foraging amidst their preferred habitat, searching for insects and small invertebrates such as beetles, flies, caterpillars, mosquitoes, and more.
Immerse yourself in the enchanting song of the Arctic Warbler, a captivating melody that echoes through the natural realm:
Credit: Stanislas Wroza, XC485840. Accessible at www.xeno-canto.org/485840.
Nests of Arctic Warblers find their secure perch high in the trees, often nestled upon branches. Constructed using grass, sedges, and various plant materials, these nests offer a cozy cup-shaped sanctuary for the female to lay her eggs.
To entice the presence of Arctic Warblers to your backyard during winter, consider offering mealworms, peanut butter, suet, and maintaining a hospitable environment.
A remarkable fact about Arctic Warblers is their distinguished reputation for embarking on the longest migration route among Old World insectivores.
9. Common Yellowthroat
While not frequently encountered, Common Yellowthroats can be spotted in the southeast of Alaska during the breeding season from May to mid-November.
Common Yellowthroats, small and melodious songbirds, display brownish plumage on their backs and vibrant yellow undersides, accentuated by their long tails. Male individuals sport a distinctive black mask across their faces, while the brightness of the yellow coloration can vary geographically.
- Geothlypis trichas
- Length: 4.3-5.1 inches (11-13 cm)
- Weight: 0.3 ounces (9-10 g)
- Wingspan: 5.9-7.5 inches (15-19 cm)
Common Yellowthroats spend their summers breeding across a wide expanse of North America, excluding Alaska and northern Canada. Some individuals remain year-round along the Gulf Coast and Pacific Southwest, while others embark on migratory journeys southward.
Common Yellowthroats thrive in marshy areas, wetlands, and brushy fields, where they seek refuge within thick, tangled vegetation.
Immerse yourself in the melodious song of the Common Yellowthroat, characterized by a series of rising and falling notes:
Credit: Paul Marvin, XC629250. Accessible at www.xeno-canto.org/629250.
Nests of Common Yellowthroats find their abode near the ground within marshy areas, often supported by reeds. Constructed using grass, sedges, leaves, and grass, these nests provide a secure environment for the female to lay her eggs. Incubation takes approximately two weeks, with the fledglings venturing into the world within one to two weeks.
To attract Common Yellowthroats to larger backyards, dense vegetation and native plants prove enticing, fostering an environment that attracts insects.
A fascinating fact about Common Yellowthroats is their response to the presence of fake birds without a mask—while they readily attack fake birds with masks, they exhibit no such aggression when the mask is absent.
10. American Redstart
Although not commonly observed, American Redstarts breed in the southeastern region of Alaska. Sightings can occur from mid-May to September, providing an opportunity to catch a glimpse of these enchanting birds.
American Redstarts feature predominantly black plumage adorned with vibrant orange patches and a white belly. Females, on the other hand, display olive-gray hues in place of black, complemented by yellow patches.
- Setophaga ruticilla
- Length: 4.3-5.1 inches (11-13 cm)
- Weight: 0.2-0.3 ounces (6-9 g)
- Wingspan: 6.3-7.5 inches (16-19 cm)
Breeding primarily in eastern U.S. states and Canada, American Redstarts embark on migratory journeys, with sightings during migration occurring in central and western U.S. states.
American Redstarts can be found amidst deciduous woodlands, where they engage in insect consumption. Additionally, they exhibit a fondness for berries, such as serviceberry and magnolia, during the fall season.
Immerse yourself in the delightful song of the American Redstart, characterized by clear, falling notes:
Credit: Nick Kiehl, XC522368. Accessible at www.xeno-canto.org/522368.
Nests of American Redstarts are often located near tree trunks or large shrubs, constructed from bark, grass, and various plant materials. The female lays up to five eggs, which require incubation for approximately two weeks before the young venture forth.
To welcome the presence of American Redstarts into your backyard during winter, consider cultivating berry plants like magnolia and offering an inviting environment.
A remarkable behavior of American Redstarts is their selective feeding pattern, as they allocate food to specific chicks rather than feeding all uniformly.
11. MacGillivray’s Warbler
MacGillivray’s Warblers make occasional appearances in Alaska during the breeding season, typically from May to mid-August.
MacGillivray’s Warblers are small, secretive birds with olive-green upperparts, gray heads, and bright yellow undersides. They have a distinctive gray eye ring and a black patch through the eye.
- Geothlypis tolmiei
- Length: 4.7-5.5 inches (12-14 cm)
- Weight: 0.3-0.4 ounces (8-11 g)
- Wingspan: 7.5-8.7 inches (19-22 cm)
Breeding primarily in western North America, MacGillivray’s Warblers can be found in dense shrubby habitats, including thickets and brushy areas near streams and wetlands.
These warblers primarily feed on insects and spiders, foraging within the understory vegetation and occasionally making short flights to capture their prey.
MacGillivray’s Warblers possess a unique song, characterized by a series of rich musical notes, often described as a sweet, high-pitched melody.
Credit: Andrew Spencer, XC675577. Accessible at www.xeno-canto.org/675577.
Nests of MacGillivray’s Warblers are typically built in dense shrubs or low vegetation, often near water sources. The female constructs the nest using grass, bark, twigs, and other plant materials, creating a cup-shaped structure lined with finer materials such as feathers and hair. The female lays a clutch of three to six eggs, which hatch after an incubation period of approximately 12 days.
Attracting MacGillivray’s Warblers to your backyard can be challenging due to their preference for dense, shrubby habitats. Providing suitable habitat with native vegetation and minimizing pesticide use can create a welcoming environment for these elusive birds.
Fun Fact: MacGillivray’s Warblers are named after Scottish ornithologist William MacGillivray.
12. Tennessee Warbler
Tennessee Warblers are rare visitors to Alaska during migration, typically passing through in spring and fall.
Tennessee Warblers are small songbirds with olive-green upperparts, yellowish underparts, and a gray head. They have a faint eyering and a thin, pointed bill.
- Leiothlypis peregrina
- Length: 4.3-4.7 inches (11-12 cm)
- Weight: 0.2-0.3 ounces (5-9 g)
- Wingspan: 6.3-6.7 inches (16-17 cm)
Breeding primarily in boreal forests of Canada and the northeastern United States, Tennessee Warblers undertake extensive migrations, traveling through various regions of North and South America.
During migration, they can be found in a variety of habitats, including forests, woodlands, and shrubby areas. They primarily feed on insects, including caterpillars, beetles, and spiders.
Tennessee Warblers have a distinct song, consisting of a series of high-pitched, buzzing notes that rise and fall in a rapid pattern.
Credit: Andrew Spencer, XC675580. Accessible at www.xeno-canto.org/675580.
Nests of Tennessee Warblers are built by the female, typically near the ground in shrubs or saplings. The nest is constructed with grass, bark, and plant fibers, lined with finer materials such as hair and feathers. The female lays a clutch of four to five eggs, which incubate for approximately 12 days.
Attracting Tennessee Warblers to your backyard may be challenging due to their migratory behavior. However, providing a diverse range of native plants that attract insects can create
an attractive habitat for these transient visitors.
Fun Fact: The name “Tennessee Warbler” is not derived from its breeding grounds but from the place where the first specimen was collected, which happened to be in Tennessee.
13. Chestnut-sided Warbler
Chestnut-sided Warblers pass through Alaska during migration, making appearances in spring and fall.
Chestnut-sided Warblers are small, vibrant songbirds with bright yellow underparts, olive-green upperparts, and distinctive chestnut-colored patches on their sides.
- Setophaga pensylvanica
- Length: 4.7-5.1 inches (12-13 cm)
- Weight: 0.3-0.4 ounces (9-11 g)
- Wingspan: 7.5-8.3 inches (19-21 cm)
Breeding in eastern North America and Canada, Chestnut-sided Warblers prefer early successional habitats, including young forests, shrubby areas, and forest edges.
These warblers primarily feed on insects, including beetles, caterpillars, and flies, which they catch by actively foraging among foliage and branches.
Chestnut-sided Warblers have a distinctive song, characterized by a series of clear, high-pitched notes that accelerate towards the end.
Credit: Martin St-Michel, XC586730. Accessible at www.xeno-canto.org/586730.
Nests of Chestnut-sided Warblers are built by the female, typically in shrubs or small trees, often near the ground. The nest is constructed with grass, bark strips, and plant fibers, lined with softer materials such as feathers and hair. The female lays a clutch of three to five eggs, which hatch after an incubation period of approximately 12 days.
Attracting Chestnut-sided Warblers to your backyard may be challenging, as they are primarily migratory birds. However, providing suitable habitat with a mix of young trees, shrubs, and open spaces can create an attractive environment for these transient visitors.
Fun Fact: Chestnut-sided Warblers are known to engage in a behavior called “wing flicking,” where they rapidly flick their wings while foraging to flush out insects.
14. Black-and-white Warbler
Black-and-white Warblers pass through Alaska during migration, making appearances in spring and fall.
Black-and-white Warblers are medium-sized warblers with striking black-and-white striped plumage. They have a long, slightly curved bill and a white belly with black streaking.
- Mniotilta varia
- Length: 4.3-5.1 inches (11-13 cm)
- Weight: 0.3-0.4 ounces (8-11 g)
- Wingspan: 7.1-7.9 inches (18-20 cm)
Breeding in eastern North America and parts of Canada, Black-and-white Warblers prefer mature forests, particularly those with a dense understory and a mix of deciduous and coniferous trees.
These warblers primarily feed on insects, foraging along tree trunks and branches, often in a unique creeping fashion, similar to a nuthatch.
Black-and-white Warblers have a distinctive song, characterized by a high-pitched, squeaky voice that resembles the sound of a rubber duck.
Credit: Mike Nelson, XC669546. Accessible at www.xeno-canto.org/669546.
Nests of Black-and-white Warblers are built by the female, typically on the ground or in a low cavity, such as a tree stump. The nest is constructed with leaves, bark strips, and grasses, lined with finer materials such as feathers and hair. The female lays a clutch of four to six eggs, which incubate for approximately 10 to 12 days.
Attracting Black-and-white Warblers to your backyard may be challenging, as they are primarily migratory birds. However, providing a diverse range of trees and shrubs with suitable nesting and foraging habitat can create an attractive environment for these transient visitors.
Fun Fact: Black-and-white Warblers are the only warblers known to primarily forage on tree trunks and branches, using their unique creeping behavior to search for insects.
15. Northern Parula
Northern Parulas pass through Alaska during migration, making appearances in spring and fall.
Northern Parulas are small, colorful warblers with blue-gray upperparts, yellow throats and breasts, and distinctive black and chestnut markings on their neck and back.
Setophaga americana
Length: 4.3-4.7 inches (11-12 cm)
Weight: 0.2-0.3 ounces (5-9 g)
Wingspan: 5.9-6.7 inches (15-17 cm)
Breeding in eastern North America and parts of Canada, Northern Parulas prefer moist, deciduous forests with a dense understory, particularly those near water bodies.
These warblers primarily feed on insects, including caterpillars, spiders, and flies, which they capture by actively foraging among leaves and branches.
Northern Parulas have a distinctive song, characterized by a series of rising buzzy notes that often end with a trill or descending phrase.
Credit: Michael Stubblefield, XC677007. Accessible at www.xeno-canto.org/677007.
Nests of Northern Parulas are typically built in tree cavities or hanging epiphytic plants, such as Spanish moss. The nest is constructed with moss, bark strips, and plant fibers, lined with softer materials such as feathers and hair. The female lays a clutch of three to seven eggs, which hatch after an incubation period of approximately 11 to 14 days.
Attracting Northern Parulas to your backyard may be challenging, as they are primarily migratory birds. However, providing suitable habitat with a mix of deciduous trees, shrubs, and a water source can create an attractive environment for these transient visitors.
Fun Fact: Northern Parulas are known for their unique “trampoline display,” where the male bounces up and down on a branch, showing off its vibrant plumage to attract a mate.
16. Ovenbird
Ovenbirds pass through Alaska during migration, making appearances in spring and fall.
Ovenbirds are medium-sized warblers with olive-brown upperparts, white underparts, and distinct dark streaking on their breast and flanks. They have a large, round head and a boldly marked face with a prominent white eye ring.
- Seiurus aurocapilla
- Length: 5.1-5.9 inches (13-15 cm)
- Weight: 0.5-0.6 ounces (14-17 g)
- Wingspan: 7.9-9.1 inches (20-23 cm)
Breeding in eastern North America and parts of Canada, Ovenbirds prefer mature deciduous forests with a dense leaf litter on the forest floor.
These warblers primarily feed on insects and other small invertebrates, foraging on or near the ground by scratching through the leaf litter.
Ovenbirds have a distinctive song, often described as “Teacher! Teacher! Teacher!”, with a loud, ringing quality.
Credit: Andrew Spencer, XC675594. Accessible at www.xeno-canto.org/675594.
Nests of Ovenbirds are built by the female, typically on the ground or in the leaf litter, creating a domed structure resembling an old-fashioned outdoor oven, hence the name “Ovenbird.” The nest is constructed with leaves, grasses, and other plant materials, lined with
finer materials such as rootlets and hair. The female lays a clutch of three to six eggs, which incubate for approximately 12 to 14 days.
Attracting Ovenbirds to your backyard may be challenging, as they are primarily migratory birds. However, maintaining natural leaf litter and providing suitable understory habitat with a diverse array of native plants can create an attractive environment for these transient visitors.
Fun Fact: Ovenbirds are known for their distinctive behavior called the “walk-for-food” display, where they walk on the forest floor, bobbing their tails, and flipping leaves to uncover insects.
17. Nashville Warbler
Nashville Warblers pass through Alaska during migration, making appearances in spring and fall.
Nashville Warblers are small songbirds with olive-green upperparts, bright yellow underparts, and a distinctive gray head. They have a white eye ring and a thin, pointed bill.
- Leiothlypis ruficapilla
- Length: 4.3-4.7 inches (11-12 cm)
- Weight: 0.3-0.4 ounces (8-11 g)
- Wingspan: 7.1-7.9 inches (18-20 cm)
Breeding primarily in boreal forests of Canada and parts of the northeastern United States, Nashville Warblers prefer areas with dense shrubby vegetation, including young forests, bogs, and forest edges.
These warblers primarily feed on insects, including spiders, caterpillars, and beetles, which they catch by actively foraging among foliage and branches.
Nashville Warblers have a distinctive song, characterized by a rapid series of high-pitched, musical notes that descend in pitch towards the end.
Credit: Andrew Spencer, XC675568. Accessible at www.xeno-canto.org/675568.
Nests of Nashville Warblers are typically built in shrubs or low vegetation, often near the ground. The nest is constructed with grass, bark strips, and plant fibers, lined with finer materials such as feathers and hair. The female lays a clutch of three to six eggs, which hatch after an incubation period of approximately 10 to 13 days.
Attracting Nashville Warblers to your backyard may be challenging, as they are primarily migratory birds. However, providing suitable habitat with dense shrubs and a diverse range of native plants can create an attractive environment for these transient visitors.
Fun Fact: Nashville Warblers are named after the city of Nashville, Tennessee, where the first specimen was collected.
18. Yellow-throated Warbler
Yellow-throated Warblers pass through Alaska during migration, making appearances in spring and fall.
Yellow-throated Warblers are medium-sized warblers with striking black and white plumage. They have a black throat patch and yellow undertail coverts, with a bold white eyebrow stripe.
Setophaga dominica
Length: 5.5-5.9 inches (14-15 cm)
Weight: 0.4-0.5 ounces (11-14 g)
Wingspan: 9.1-9.8 inches (23-25 cm)
Breeding primarily in southeastern United States, Yellow-throated Warblers prefer mature deciduous forests, particularly those with large trees and proximity to water.
These warblers primarily feed on insects, including caterpillars, spiders, and beetles, which they capture by actively foraging among foliage and branches.
Yellow-throated Warblers have a distinctive song, often described as a series of clear whistled notes, with a distinct ending that resembles the phrase “Sweet sweet sweet, I’m so sweet!”
Credit: Andrew Spencer, XC675555. Accessible at www.xeno-canto.org/675555.
Nests of Yellow-throated
Warblers are built by the female, typically high up in tree cavities or nest boxes. The nest is constructed with bark strips, plant fibers, and spider silk, lined with finer materials such as feathers and hair. The female lays a clutch of three to five eggs, which incubate for approximately 12 to 13 days.
Attracting Yellow-throated Warblers to your backyard may be challenging, as they are primarily migratory birds. However, providing suitable habitat with mature trees, especially those near water sources, can create an attractive environment for these transient visitors.
Fun Fact: Yellow-throated Warblers are excellent acrobats and often hang upside down while foraging for insects on the undersides of leaves and branches.
19. Common Yellowthroat
Common Yellowthroats are common breeders in Alaska, primarily found in wetland areas such as marshes, bogs, and edges of ponds.
Common Yellowthroats are small songbirds with olive-green upperparts, bright yellow underparts, and a distinctive black face mask that extends from the eyes to the throat in males. Females have a more subdued coloration with a lighter face pattern.
Geothlypis trichas
Length: 4.3-5.1 inches (11-13 cm)
Weight: 0.3-0.4 ounces (8-11 g)
Wingspan: 6.7-7.5 inches (17-19 cm)
Breeding throughout North America, including Alaska, Common Yellowthroats are often found in dense, low-lying vegetation near water. They can be seen flitting among the reeds and shrubs, foraging for insects and spiders.
Common Yellowthroats have a distinctive song, a series of repetitive, musical “wichity-wichity-wichity” notes. Their call is a sharp “chuck” or “tchuk” sound.
Credit: Dawn Hillesheim, XC669090. Accessible at www.xeno-canto.org/669090.
Nests of Common Yellowthroats are built by the female, typically on or near the ground, hidden among vegetation. The nest is constructed with grasses, leaves, and plant fibers, lined with finer materials such as hair and feathers. The female lays a clutch of three to seven eggs, which hatch after an incubation period of approximately 10 to 12 days.
Attracting Common Yellowthroats to your backyard can be achieved by creating wetland habitats with tall grasses, shrubs, and a water source. Native plants that provide cover and food sources for insects will also be beneficial.
Fun Fact: Despite their name, Common Yellowthroats are not thrushes but belong to the warbler family. The “throat” refers to the yellow coloration of their underparts.
20. Black-throated Gray Warbler
Black-throated Gray Warblers pass through Alaska during migration, making appearances in spring and fall.
Black-throated Gray Warblers are small songbirds with a striking black throat patch and gray upperparts. They have a white face with a black stripe through the eye and a white belly.
Setophaga nigrescens
Length: 4.3-5.1 inches (11-13 cm)
Weight: 0.3-0.4 ounces (8-11 g)
Wingspan: 7.5-8.7 inches (19-22 cm)
Breeding primarily in western North America, including parts of Canada, Black-throated Gray Warblers prefer open woodlands, scrubby areas, and forest edges with a mix of trees and shrubs.
These warblers primarily feed on insects, including caterpillars, beetles, and spiders, which they capture by actively foraging among branches and foliage.
Black-throated Gray Warblers have a distinctive song, a series of high-pitched, buzzy notes that descend in pitch.
Credit: Andrew Spencer, XC675562. Accessible at www.xeno-canto.org/675562.
Nests of Black-throated Gray Warblers are built by the female, typically in dense shrubs or low tree branches. The nest is constructed with twigs, grasses, and plant fibers, lined with softer materials such as feathers and hair. The female lays a clutch of three to five eggs, which incubate for approximately 12 to 13 days.
Attracting Black-throated Gray Warblers to your backyard may be challenging, as they are primarily migratory birds. However, providing suitable habitat with a mix of trees and shrubs, along with open spaces for foraging, can create an attractive environment for these transient visitors.
Fun Fact: Black-throated Gray Warblers have a unique behavior called “wing flicking,” where they flick their wings open and closed while foraging, possibly as a visual signal to flush out insects.
21. Cape May Warbler
Cape May Warblers pass through Alaska during migration, making appearances in spring and fall.
Cape May Warblers are small songbirds with a combination of distinctive plumage. They have olive-green upperparts, yellow underparts with streaking, and a chestnut cheek patch. Males have a dark crown patch, while females have a lighter crown.
Setophaga tigrina
Length: 4.3-5.1 inches (11-13 cm)
Weight: 0.3-0.4 ounces (8-11 g)
Wingspan: 7.1-7.9 inches (18-20 cm)
Breeding primarily in boreal forests of Canada, Cape May Warblers prefer spruce and fir forests, especially during their migration periods.
These warblers primarily feed on insects, including spruce budworms, aphids, and spiders, which they capture by actively foraging among branches and foliage.
Cape May Warblers have a distinctive song, a series of high-pitched, buzzing notes that often end with a musical trill.
Credit: Paul Marvin, XC584730. Accessible at www.xeno-canto.org/584730.
Nests of Cape May Warblers are built by the female, typically high up in coniferous trees, usually spruce or fir. The nest is constructed with twigs, grasses, and plant fibers, lined with softer materials such as feathers and hair. The female lays a clutch of three to seven eggs, which incubate for approximately 12 to 13 days.
Attracting Cape May Warblers to your backyard may be challenging, as they are primarily migratory birds. However, providing suitable habitat with coniferous trees and a diverse range of insects can create an attractive environment for these transient visitors.
Fun Fact: Cape May Warblers have a unique feeding behavior where they use their specialized tongue to sip nectar from flowers, especially during migration periods when insect availability may be limited.
22. Magnolia Warbler
Magnolia Warblers pass through Alaska during migration, making appearances in spring and fall.
Magnolia Warblers are small songbirds with distinctive black streaking on a bright yellow underbody. They have a black necklace-like band across the chest and a white eye ring.
Setophaga magnolia
Length: 4.3-5.1 inches (11-13 cm)
Weight: 0.3-0.4 ounces (8-11 g)
Wingspan: 7.5-8.3 inches (19-21 cm)
Breeding primarily in boreal forests of Canada and parts of northeastern United States, Magnolia Warblers prefer mixed forests with a combination of coniferous and deciduous trees.
These warblers primarily feed on insects, including caterpillars, beetles, and spiders, which they capture by actively foraging among branches and foliage.
Magnolia Warblers have a distinctive song, a series of high-pitched, buzzy notes that descend in pitch and resemble the phrase “sweet-sweet-sweet-I’m-so-sweet.”
Credit: Paul Marvin, XC671909. Accessible at www.xeno-canto.org/671909.
Nests of Magnolia Warblers are built by the female, typically low in shrubs or small trees. The nest is constructed with twigs, grasses, and plant fibers, lined with finer materials such as feathers and hair. The female lays a clutch of four to five eggs, which incubate for approximately 11 to 12 days.
Attracting Magnolia Warblers to your backyard may be challenging, as they are primarily migratory birds. However, providing suitable habitat with a mix of trees and shrubs, especially those with insect-attracting flowers, can create an attractive environment for these transient visitors.
Fun Fact: The name “Magnolia Warbler” does not come from the magnolia tree but rather from French naturalist René Lesson, who named the species after the magnolia-like pattern on the male’s back.
23. Bay-breasted Warbler
Bay-breasted Warblers pass through Alaska during migration, making appearances in spring and fall.
Bay-breasted Warblers are small songbirds with a striking plumage. Males have a distinctive chestnut-colored crown and a bright bay-colored wash on their underparts. Females have a more subdued coloration with less intense chestnut tones.
Setophaga castanea
Length: 4.7-5.1 inches (12-13 cm)
Weight: 0.3-0.4 ounces (8-11 g)
Wingspan: 7.5-8.3 inches (19-21 cm)
Breeding primarily in boreal forests of Canada, Bay-breasted Warblers prefer spruce and fir forests, especially during their migration periods.
These warblers primarily feed on insects, including caterpillars, beetles, and spiders, which they capture by actively foraging among branches and foliage.
Bay-breasted Warblers have a distinctive song, a series of high-pitched, musical notes that descend in pitch.
Credit: Andrew Spencer, XC675563. Accessible at www.xeno-canto.org/675563.
Nests of Bay-breasted Warblers are built by the female, typically high up in coniferous trees, often spruce or fir. The nest is constructed with twigs, grasses, and plant fibers, lined with softer materials such as feathers and hair. The female lays a clutch of three to five eggs, which incubate for approximately 12 to 13 days.
Attracting Bay-breasted Warblers to your backyard may be challenging, as they are primarily migratory birds. However, providing suitable habitat with coniferous trees and a diverse range of insects can create an attractive environment for these transient visitors.
Fun Fact: During migration, Bay-breasted Warblers are known to engage in “fallouts,” where large numbers of individuals can gather in areas with abundant food sources, resulting in spectacular birding opportunities.
24. Cerulean Warbler
Cerulean Warblers pass through Alaska during migration, making appearances in spring and fall.
Cerulean Warblers are small songbirds with a vibrant blue color on their upperparts and a white underbody. Males have a black necklace-like band across the chest, while females have a lighter chest band.
Setophaga cerulea
Length: 4.7-5.1 inches (12-13 cm)
Weight: 0.3-0.4 ounces (8-11 g)
Wingspan: 7.5-8.3 inches (19-21 cm)
Breeding primarily in eastern United States and parts of Canada, Cerulean Warblers prefer mature deciduous forests with a dense canopy.
These warblers primarily feed on insects, including caterpillars, beetles, and spiders, which they capture by actively foraging among branches and foliage.
Cerulean Warblers have a distinctive song, a series of high-pitched, buzzy notes that rise and fall.
Credit: Andrew Spencer, XC675569. Accessible at www.xeno-canto.org/675569.
Nests of Cerulean Warblers are built by the female, typically high up in deciduous trees, especially oaks and maples. The nest is constructed with twigs, grasses, and plant fibers, lined with softer materials such as feathers and hair. The female lays a clutch of three to four eggs, which incubate for approximately 12 to 13 days.
Attracting Cerulean Warblers to your backyard may be challenging, as they are primarily migratory birds. However, providing suitable habitat with mature deciduous trees and a diverse range of insects can create an attractive environment for these transient visitors.
Fun Fact: Cerulean Warblers are known for their remarkable migratory journey, with some individuals traveling up to 8,000 kilometers (5,000 miles) from their breeding grounds to their wintering grounds in South America.
25. Mourning Warbler
Mourning Warblers pass through Alaska during migration, making appearances in spring and fall.
Mourning Warblers are small songbirds with olive-green upperparts and a yellow underbody. They have a distinctive black mask across the face and a white eye ring.
- Geothlypis philadelphia
- Length: 4.7-5.1 inches (12-13 cm)
- Weight: 0.3-0.4 ounces (8-11 g)
- Wingspan: 7.1-7.9 inches (18-20 cm)
Breeding primarily in northeastern United States and parts of Canada, Mourning Warblers prefer moist areas with dense understory vegetation, such as swamps and bogs.
These warblers primarily feed on insects, including caterpillars, beetles, and spiders, which they capture by actively foraging among low vegetation and leaf litter.
Mourning Warblers have a distinctive song, a series of low, mournful whistles followed by a trill.
Credit: Paul Marvin, XC628787. Accessible at www.xeno-canto.org/628787.
Nests of Mourning Warblers are built by the female, typically low in shrubs or small trees near the ground. The nest is constructed with twigs, grasses, and plant fibers, lined with finer materials such as feathers and hair. The female lays a clutch of three to five eggs, which incubate for approximately 11 to 12 days.
Attracting Mourning Warblers to your backyard may be challenging, as they are primarily migratory birds. However, providing suitable habitat with dense understory vegetation and a diverse range of insects can create an attractive environment for these transient visitors.
Fun Fact: Despite their name, Mourning Warblers do not have a mournful or sad disposition. The name is believed to have originated from the bird’s subdued coloration, which was associated with mourning attire during the Victorian era.
Discovering the Frequency of Warbler Sightings in Alaska during Summer and Winter
A valuable resource for determining the prevalence of different bird species in your state is the checklist. These lists provide insights into the frequency at which warblers are observed in Alaska during the summer and winter seasons, based on the checklists compiled on eBird.
Warblers commonly observed in Alaska during the summer include:
– Yellow-rumped Warbler: 21.3%
– Orange-crowned Warbler: 19.7%
– Wilson’s Warbler: 12.1%
– Yellow Warbler: 11.2%
– Northern Waterthrush: 7.1%
– Townsend’s Warbler: 6.5%
– Blackpoll Warbler: 4.4%
– Arctic Warbler: 1.7%
– Common Yellowthroat: 0.8%
– American Redstart: 0.4%
– MacGillivray’s Warbler: 0.2%
– Tennessee Warbler: 0.1%
– Palm Warbler: <0.1%
– Black-throated Gray Warbler: <0.1%
– Black-and-white Warbler: <0.1%
– Cerulean Warbler: <0.1%
– Ovenbird: <0.1%
– Magnolia Warbler: <0.1%
– Bay-breasted Warbler: <0.1%
– Northern Parula: <0.1%
– Cape May Warbler: <0.1%
– Mourning Warbler: <0.1%
– Chestnut-sided Warbler: <0.1%
During the winter season, the following warblers have been reported:
– Orange-crowned Warbler: 0.2%
– Yellow-rumped Warbler: 0.1%
– Wilson’s Warbler: <0.1%
– Yellow Warbler: <0.1%
– Northern Waterthrush: <0.1%
– Townsend’s Warbler: <0.1%
– Common Yellowthroat: <0.1%
– Palm Warbler: <0.1%
Enticing Warblers to Your Backyard
Although warblers may not be as commonly drawn to backyard feeders as other songbirds, there are strategies you can employ to attract these melodious creatures to your yard:
– If your yard permits, provide trees as a habitat feature.
– Embrace a slightly untidy yard with brush piles to create a welcoming habitat for insects, a vital food source for warblers.
– Avoid the use of pesticides and herbicides to ensure a plentiful insect population, while also safeguarding the well-being of the birds.
– Offer a clean water source, such as a birdbath or small pond, for warblers to quench their thirst and bathe.
– Consider providing live mealworms as a treat, although dried alternatives can also suffice.
– Install bird feeders stocked with sunflower seeds, peanut hearts, and suet to offer supplementary food sources for warblers.
By implementing these practices, you can enhance the allure of your backyard, potentially attracting these delightful warblers to grace your surroundings with their enchanting presence.