In Nebraska, this comprehensive manual will aid you in identifying all the warbler species that regularly inhabit the region. It includes photo identification, detailed descriptions, audio recordings of their melodic tunes, and intriguing facts to keep you engaged.
Warblers, those diminutive migratory songbirds, embark on extensive journeys spanning from South America to their breeding grounds in Canada. These lively and vibrant creatures dart between their breeding and wintering grounds in a vibrant display of yellow and green, accompanied by a remarkable medley of songs.
Referred to as wood-warblers, the North American warbler species primarily inhabit woodlands and forests. However, be cautious as you peer into the treetops with your binoculars, as you might experience the infamous “warbler neck,” characterized by an uncomfortable stiffness and tingling sensation in the neck.
While warblers predominantly consume insects, they occasionally visit backyard feeders in search of seeds or mealworms. Additionally, you can obtain a free identification chart to explore other bird species that frequently grace Nebraska’s presence.
This manual serves as a valuable resource for identifying the regularly occurring warbler species in Nebraska. It relies on authentic data collected from avid bird watchers on ebird and avibase to provide accurate information regarding the optimal times for spotting these avian wonders.
For each warbler species featured in this guide, you can listen to their melodious songs and access a comprehensive guide showcasing various song types. If you desire further assistance, you can consult a supplementary guide that presents 13 easily recognizable warbler songs.
Warblers in Nebraska vary based on the season:
During the summer, you can encounter the following warblers: Yellow Warbler, Common Yellowthroat, American Redstart, Yellow-breasted Chat, Louisiana Waterthrush, Yellow-throated Warbler, and Prothonotary Warbler.
As for migration periods, keep an eye out for the following warblers: Yellow-rumped Warbler, Orange-crowned Warbler, Nashville Warbler, Tennessee Warbler, Wilson’s Warbler, Black-and-white Warbler, Blackpoll Warbler, Ovenbird, Northern Waterthrush, Northern Parula, Magnolia Warbler, Palm Warbler, Chestnut-sided Warbler, Mourning Warbler, Black-throated Green Warbler, Kentucky Warbler, Blackburnian Warbler, Golden-winged Warbler, Canada Warbler, Bay-breasted Warbler, MacGillivray’s Warbler, Townsend’s Warbler, Hooded Warbler, Pine Warbler, Cerulean Warbler, Black-throated Blue Warbler, and Blue-winged Warbler.
In total, Nebraska hosts an impressive roster of 34 warbler species.
1. Yellow Warbler
During their breeding season from April to October, Yellow Warblers grace Nebraska with their presence. These small, bright yellow birds boast a yellow-green back, while males display chestnut streaks on their breast. In comparison, females and juveniles exhibit less vibrancy and lack these streaks.
Setophaga petechia
Length: 4.7-5.1 in (12-13 cm)
Weight: 0.3-0.4 oz (9-11 g)
Wingspan: 6.3-7.9 in (16-20 cm)
Yellow Warblers embark on a lengthy migration to breed in Canada and the United States, excluding the southeastern states, before venturing back to Central and South America for the winter. However, during migration, they may be observed in southeastern US states.
These charming birds can be spotted near streams, wetlands, and the edges of fields, foraging for insects such as caterpillars, midges, beetles, bugs, and wasps.
When building their nests, Yellow Warblers utilize small trees or
shrubs, weaving together bark, grass, and plant material, secured with spider webs to form a cup-shaped structure. The nests are lined with softer materials like hair, feathers, and plant down. Each clutch contains up to seven eggs, which hatch after approximately twelve days, and the fledglings depart the nest within an additional ten days.
To attract Yellow Warblers to your backyard, consider providing suet, oranges, peanut butter, and berry-bearing plants. It is advisable to refrain from using pesticides or maintaining overly pristine outdoor spaces, as native plants and insects play a crucial role in their attraction. Additionally, birdbaths with fountains near secluded plantings can offer a sense of security to these delightful visitors.
Fun Fact: Yellow Warblers face the challenge of cowbirds frequently laying their eggs in their nests. When detected, Yellow Warblers respond by constructing a new nest on top of the old one, thereby starting anew. This process can repeat up to six times!
2. Common Yellowthroat
Common Yellowthroats inhabit Nebraska during their breeding season, primarily from April to October, with sightings occurring in 22% of summer checklists.
These small songbirds exhibit brownish plumage on their backs and vibrant yellow undersides, accompanied by long tails. Males sport black masks across their faces. The intensity of their yellow hue may vary geographically, and their undersides can appear more olive in certain regions.
Geothlypis trichas
Length: 4.3-5.1 in (11-13 cm)
Weight: 0.3-0.3 oz (9-10 g)
Wingspan: 5.9-7.5 in (15-19 cm)
Common Yellowthroats breed across most of North America, excluding Alaska and northern Canada. Some individuals remain year-round along the Gulf Coast and Pacific Southwest. During migration, they embark on a journey southward.
These enchanting birds often inhabit marshy areas, wetlands, and brushy fields, taking refuge in thick and tangled vegetation.
When constructing their nests, female Common Yellowthroats choose locations near the ground within marshy areas, relying on the support of reeds. Grass and sedges form the primary materials for their nests, supported by a platform of leaves and grass. Each clutch consists of up to six eggs, which hatch after approximately twelve days, with the young departing the nest within the following two weeks.
To attract Common Yellowthroats to spacious backyards, cultivate dense vegetation and native plants that entice insects, their primary food source.
Fun Fact: The black mask sported by male Common Yellowthroats serves as a visual cue to courting males, indicating that the bird in question is male. When decoy birds lacking masks are introduced, these males display aggression; however, they show no hostility toward unmasked birds.
3. Yellow-rumped Warbler
Yellow-rumped Warblers grace Nebraska during the winter season, with their numbers escalating during the spring and fall migration. These charming visitors appear in approximately 35% of checklists during these transitional periods.
Gray plumage with delightful flashes of yellow on the face, sides, and rump, accompanied by white wings, distinguishes the Yellow-rumped Warbler. Females may exhibit a slightly brownish hue, while winter birds boast paler brown feathers that transition to bright yellow and gray upon the arrival of spring.
There exist two subspecies: the Myrtle Warbler found in the eastern United States and boreal forests of Canada, lacking a yellow throat, and the Audubon’s Warbler residing in the western region, featuring additional white markings on the wings.
Setophaga coronata
Length: 4.7-5.5 in (12-14 cm)
Weight: 0.4-0.5 oz (12-13 g)
Wingspan: 7.5-9.1 in (19-23 cm)
Yellow-rumped Warblers predominantly breed in Canada, the Rockies, and the Appalachian Mountains. During migration, they traverse the Midwest before seeking wintering grounds in southern and southwestern United States, as well as the Pacific Coast, Mexico, and Central America.
Coniferous forests serve as favored habitats for Yellow-rumped Warblers during the breeding season, while open areas with fruiting shrubs attract them during winter. Their diet primarily comprises insects in summer and during migration, shifting to a fruit-based diet in winter, featuring delicacies such as bayberry and wax myrtle.
Yellow-rumped Warbler song:
Credit: Christopher McPherson, XC602699. Accessible at www.xeno-canto.org/602699.
Nests constructed by female Yellow-rumped Warblers are situated in conifer trees, composed of twigs, pine needles, and grass, lined with soft grass, moss, and hair. Each clutch contains up to six eggs, which hatch after approximately two weeks, with an additional two weeks required for the young to fledge.
To attract Yellow-rumped Warblers to your backyard, offer sunflower seeds, suet, raisins, and peanut butter.
Fun Fact: During winter, Yellow-rumped Warblers gather in flocks, sometimes numbering in the thousands. They exhibit aggressiveness towards other species encroaching upon their territory.
4. Orange-crowned Warbler
Nebraska serves as a stopover for Orange-crowned Warblers during their migration, spanning from April to mid-June and mid-August to October. A few individuals even linger until January. These charming birds feature in approximately 20% of checklists during migration.
Orange-crowned Warblers possess a relatively subdued appearance compared to their counterparts, showcasing yellow-olive plumage that appears more yellow on the Pacific Coast. Their titular orange crown is seldom visible.
Leiothlypis celata
Length: 4.3-5.5 in (11-14 cm)
Weight: 0.3-0.4 oz (7-11 g)
Wingspan: 7.5 in (19 cm)
During breeding season, Orange-crowned Warblers reside in Canada and western United States. They migrate to the Pacific, East, and Gulf Coasts, as well as Mexico. These delightful creatures can be observed during migration across most states, excluding the northeastern region.
Shrubs and low-lying vegetation serve as preferred habitats for Orange-crowned Warblers. While they feed predominantly on spiders and insects like caterpillars and flies, they also partake in fruit, berries, and seeds, making occasional visits to backyard feeders.
Orange-crowned Warbler song:
Credit: Paul Marvin, XC671865. Accessible at www.xeno-canto.org/671865.
Nests built by Orange-crowned Warbler females are situated near or on the ground, crafted from dead leaves, twigs, and stems, and lined with soft grass and animal hair. Each clutch consists of up to six eggs.
To attract Orange-crowned Warblers to your yard, provide suet, peanut butter, or hummingbird feeders filled with sugar water nectar.
Fun Fact: Orange-crowned Warblers have been observed drinking from sapwells created by sapsuckers and woodpeckers.
5. American Redstart
Nebraska offers sightings of American Redstarts during summer, typically from late April to September, with May being the peak of their presence. During this period, they feature in approximately 17% of checklists.
American Redstarts showcase predominantly black plumage adorned with vibrant orange patches and a white belly. While males boast a
bold black mask, females adopt an olive-gray coloration with yellow patches.
Setophaga ruticilla
Length: 4.3-5.1 in (11-13 cm)
Weight: 0.2-0.3 oz (6-9 g)
Wingspan: 6.3-7.5 in (16-19 cm)
Breeding occurs in eastern United States and Canada, extending to northwestern states. These birds also migrate through central and western United States.
American Redstarts inhabit deciduous woodlands, where they primarily prey on insects. They can also be spotted in backyards and thickets, where they savor berries such as serviceberry and magnolia.
American Redstart song: Their song concludes with a drop in pitch.
Credit: Nick Kiehl, XC522368. Accessible at www.xeno-canto.org/522368.
Nests crafted by American Redstarts are situated close to the trunk of trees or large shrubs. These nests incorporate bark, grass, and other plant materials, providing a secure cup-shaped structure. Each clutch consists of up to five eggs, which hatch after approximately twelve days, with the young departing the nest within a week or two.
To attract American Redstarts to your backyard during winter in southern United States, consider incorporating suet and planting berry-bearing plants such as magnolia.
Fun Fact: When feeding their offspring, American Redstart parents selectively nourish specific chicks rather than uniformly providing sustenance to all of them.
6. Nashville Warbler
During spring and fall migration, Nebraska becomes a temporary home for Nashville Warblers, usually from mid-April to May and mid-August to October.
Nashville Warblers feature yellow undersides, with white lower bellies. Their greenish-yellow backs and gray heads are complemented by white eyerings. Females and juveniles exhibit less vibrancy compared to males.
Leiothlypis ruficapilla
Length: 4.3-5.1 in (11-13 cm)
Weight: 0.2-0.5 oz (6.7-13.9 g)
Wingspan: 6.7-7.9 in (17-20 cm)
Nashville Warblers breed in northeastern United States and Canada, with a smaller population in northwestern states, extending into British Columbia. They can be observed throughout most states during migration. Winter is predominantly spent in Mexico.
Scrubby habitats and low deciduous forests are favored by Nashville Warblers as they hunt for insects.
Nashville Warbler song:
Credit: Peter Ward and Ken Hall, XC512262. Accessible at www.xeno-canto.org/512262.
Nests constructed by Nashville Warblers remain hidden amidst shrubs close to the ground. Bark, grass, and moss are skillfully woven into cup-shaped structures, lined with softer materials. Each clutch comprises around four eggs, which hatch after approximately twelve days, with the young departing the nest within ten days.
To attract Nashville Warblers to your backyard during winter in southern United States, consider incorporating suet.
Fun Fact: In their first year, Nashville Warblers migrate along the Atlantic Coast; subsequently, they transition to migrating inland.
7. Tennessee Warbler
Migration brings Tennessee Warblers to Nebraska during May and September to October. These delightful birds feature in approximately 12% of checklists during spring migration and 1% during fall migration.
Tennessee Warblers exhibit gray heads, green backs, and pale whitish undersides in males. Females possess greener plumage with yellow undersides and green heads. White under their tails further distinguishes them.
Leiothlypis peregrina
Length: 3.9-5.1 in (10-13 cm)
Weight: 0.3-0.3 oz (8-10 g)
Wingspan: 7.5-7.9 in (19-20 cm)
Tennessee Warblers embark on extensive journeys, migrating from Central America up to Canada. They can be observed during migration across eastern United States.
Tennessee Warblers predominantly feed on caterpillars, foraging among trees and shrubs in woodlands.
Tennessee Warbler song:
Credit: Christopher McPherson, XC444969. Accessible at www.xeno-canto.org/444969.
Nests of Tennessee Warblers are concealed within moss or tree roots, crafted from grass and weeds. Each clutch contains approximately six eggs, which hatch after around twelve days. The young take a similar duration to leave the nest.
Fun Fact: Despite their name, Tennessee Warblers do not breed or spend substantial periods in Tennessee. The species received its name due to its initial discovery in that particular location.
8. Wilson’s Warbler
Wilson’s Warblers migrate through Nebraska, particularly during May and September.
Wilson’s Warblers are characterized by their small, round bodies, adorned with yellow plumage and a large black cap in males, while females possess a smaller black cap.
Cardellina pusilla
Length: 3.9-4.7 in (10-12 cm)
Weight: 0.2-0.3 oz (5-10 g)
Wingspan: 5.5-6.7 in (14-17 cm)
These birds breed in Canada, Alaska, and northwestern United States, migrating across all states during their journey. They winter in Mexico and Central America.
Wilson’s Warblers can be found along streams, where they hop among thickets and forest edges in search of insects, larvae, and spiders.
Wilson’s Warbler song:
Credit: Thomas G. Graves, XC561438. Accessible at www.xeno-canto.org/561438.
Nests constructed by Wilson’s Warblers remain concealed near trees or shrubs on the ground, often under logs or shrubs. Bark, grass, moss, and plant materials are woven into cup-shaped structures, lined with soft grass and animal hair. Each clutch comprises around five eggs, which hatch after approximately eleven days, with an additional ten days required for the young to leave the nest.
While Wilson’s Warblers do not visit feeders, native trees and shrubs serve as effective attractants in large backyards.
Fun Fact: To divert potential nest predators, Wilson’s Warblers simulate a broken wing, luring the predator away before taking flight and escaping with a thump of their wings.
9. Yellow-breasted Chat
Yellow-breasted Chats breed in Nebraska and are commonly observed from May to September, featuring in 3% of summer checklists.
Yellow-breasted Chats possess vibrant yellow breasts and long tails. Their olive-gray backs, gray heads, and white eye and chin markings further contribute to their distinctive appearance. The lower portion of their bellies is white.
Icteria virens
Length: 7.1 in (18 cm)
Weight: 0.8-1.1 oz (23-31 g)
Wingspan: 9.8 in (25 cm)
Yellow-breasted Chats breed across most states of the United States, extending slightly into southern Canada. During winter, they reside in Central America and coastal Mexico.
Blackberry bushes, fields, and forest edges serve as common habitats where Yellow-breasted Chats hunt for spiders, insects, and berries.
Yellow-breasted Chat song:
Credit: Peter Ward and Ken Hall, XC512276. Accessible at www.xeno-canto.org/512276.
Nests constructed by Yellow-breasted Chats
are situated in shrubs, skillfully woven using grass, leaves, and plant materials to form a cup shape. Brown-headed Cowbirds often lay their eggs in these nests, leaving the host birds to raise their chicks. Each clutch contains up to six eggs, which hatch after around eleven days, with an additional ten days required for the young to leave the nest.
Fun Fact: Male Yellow-breasted Chats engage in grappling fights using their feet. Additionally, during courtship, they perform dramatic flight displays accompanied by singing, descending towards the ground before abruptly thumping their wings.
10. Black-and-white Warbler
Black-and-white Warblers are primarily observed during migration in Nebraska, but some individuals also spend the breeding season within the region. They feature in approximately 2% of summer checklists and up to 9% of checklists during spring migration.
These distinctive warblers display striped patterns, making them relatively easy to identify. Males exhibit a large black patch across their eye and cheek, with a darker black hue overall compared to females.
Mniotilta varia
Length: 4.3-5.1 in (11-13 cm)
Weight: 0.3-0.5 oz (8-15 g)
Wingspan: 7.1-8.7 in (18-22 cm)
Black-and-white Warblers breed in eastern United States and Canada, while migrating through central states. They spend winter in Florida, Gulf Coast regions, Mexico, the Caribbean, and northern South America.
Black-and-white Warblers are known for their characteristic behavior of hopping up and down tree trunks and branches in search of insects.
Black-and-white Warbler song:
Credit: Christopher McPherson, XC600300. Accessible at www.xeno-canto.org/600300.
Nests constructed by Black-and-white Warblers are typically concealed near or on the ground, often beneath logs or shrubs. These nests incorporate bark, grass, and pine needles, woven into a cup shape. Each clutch contains approximately five eggs, which hatch after around eleven days, with an additional ten days required for the young to leave the nest.
11. Ovenbird
Ovenbirds are occasional visitors to Nebraska during migration, often passing through in May and September. They are recorded in less than 1% of checklists during migration.
Ovenbirds have a distinct appearance with olive-brown upperparts and white underparts heavily streaked with black. They also feature a bold orange crown bordered by black stripes.
Seiurus aurocapilla
Length: 5.1-6.3 in (13-16 cm)
Weight: 0.6-0.7 oz (17-20 g)
Wingspan: 7.9-9.1 in (20-23 cm)
Breeding primarily takes place in the northeastern United States and Canada, where Ovenbirds inhabit dense forest undergrowth. During migration, they can be seen in various states, including Nebraska.
Ovenbirds forage on the ground, searching for insects and other invertebrates amidst leaf litter and fallen branches.
Ovenbird song:
Credit: Robert J. Smart, XC367642. Accessible at www.xeno-canto.org/367642.
Nests of Ovenbirds are constructed on the ground, resembling a small oven, which gives them their name. These nests consist of leaves, grass, and other materials, forming a dome-shaped structure with an entrance on the side. Each clutch contains up to four eggs, which take approximately two weeks to hatch, with an additional nine to ten days for the young to fledge.
12. Northern Waterthrush
During migration, Northern Waterthrushes can be spotted in Nebraska, typically in May and September. They are recorded in less than 1% of checklists during migration.
Northern Waterthrushes have brownish upperparts with heavy streaking, while their underparts are pale with bold black streaks. They also feature a white eyebrow and a long pinkish bill.
Parkesia noveboracensis
Length: 4.7-5.9 in (12-15 cm)
Weight: 0.4-0.7 oz (11-20 g)
Wingspan: 7.9-8.7 in (20-22 cm)
Breeding occurs in the northern United States and Canada, where these warblers prefer wetland habitats such as bogs and swamps. During migration, they pass through various states, including Nebraska.
Northern Waterthrushes are known for their habit of bobbing their tails while walking along the water’s edge, where they feed on insects and small aquatic invertebrates.
Northern Waterthrush song:
Credit: Dan Lane, XC426719. Accessible at www.xeno-canto.org/426719.
Nests of Northern Waterthrushes are built near the ground in wetland areas. They are cup-shaped and made from grass, leaves, and other plant materials, lined with finer materials. Each clutch contains up to six eggs, which take around two weeks to hatch, with the young leaving the nest after approximately nine to ten days.
13. Northern Parula
Northern Parulas pass through Nebraska during migration, primarily in May and September. They are recorded in less than 1% of checklists during migration.
Northern Parulas are small warblers with blue-gray upperparts, a yellow throat and breast, and a distinct greenish patch on their back. They also feature a white eye crescent and a yellow ring around their neck.
Setophaga americana
Length: 4.3-4.7 in (11-12 cm)
Weight: 0.2-0.3 oz (5-8 g)
Wingspan: 6.3-6.7 in (16-17 cm)
Breeding occurs in the eastern United States and Canada, where Northern
Parulas inhabit various forest types, particularly those with hanging moss. During migration, they can be seen in different states, including Nebraska.
Northern Parulas feed on insects, spiders, and small fruits, often foraging high in trees and foliage.
Northern Parula song:
Credit: Bob McGuire, XC469753. Accessible at www.xeno-canto.org/469753.
Nests of Northern Parulas are built in tree branches, typically in hanging moss or clumps of epiphytes. They are constructed from plant fibers, spiderwebs, and moss, forming a small, compact cup. Each clutch contains around three to seven eggs, which hatch after approximately two weeks, with the young leaving the nest after another nine to ten days.
14. Magnolia Warbler
Magnolia Warblers migrate through Nebraska, often in May and September. They are recorded in less than 1% of checklists during migration.
Magnolia Warblers are striking with their black streaks on a yellow breast, white underparts, and a gray back with black streaking. They also possess a distinct black necklace pattern.
Setophaga magnolia
Length: 4.7-5.1 in (12-13 cm)
Weight: 0.3-0.4 oz (8-11 g)
Wingspan: 7.1-7.9 in (18-20 cm)
Breeding occurs primarily in boreal forests of Canada and the northeastern United States. During migration, Magnolia Warblers can be seen in various states, including Nebraska.
Magnolia Warblers forage actively in trees and shrubs, searching for insects, spiders, and small fruits.
Magnolia Warbler song:
Credit: Lance A. M. Benner, XC618659. Accessible at www.xeno-canto.org/618659.
Nests of Magnolia Warblers are usually situated on the ground or in low shrubs, constructed from grass, bark, and moss. They are lined with finer materials such as hair and feathers. Each clutch contains around four to five eggs, which hatch after approximately two weeks, with the young leaving the nest after another nine to ten days.
15. Palm Warbler
Palm Warblers migrate through Nebraska, primarily in May and September. They are recorded in less than 1% of checklists during migration.
Palm Warblers display two distinct plumage variations: Western Palm Warblers have brown upperparts and yellow underparts, while Eastern Palm Warblers feature olive-brown upperparts and yellow underparts with a rusty cap.
Setophaga palmarum
Length: 4.7-5.1 in (12-13 cm)
Weight: 0.3-0.4 oz (9-11 g)
Wingspan: 7.1-7.5 in (18-19 cm)
Breeding occurs primarily in the boreal forests of Canada, while some populations breed in the northern United States. During migration, Palm Warblers can be seen in various states, including Nebraska.
Palm Warblers forage on the ground, often bobbing their tails as they search for insects and small invertebrates.
Palm Warbler song:
Credit: Richard E. Webster, XC662545. Accessible at www.xeno-canto.org/662545.
Nests of Palm Warblers are built on the ground, typically concealed among dense vegetation. They are constructed from grass, bark, and moss, forming a cup-shaped structure. Each clutch contains around four to five eggs, which hatch after approximately two weeks, with the young leaving the nest after another nine to ten days.
16. Chestnut-sided Warbler
Chestnut-sided Warblers migrate through Nebraska, usually in May and September. They are recorded in less than
1% of checklists during migration.
Chestnut-sided Warblers exhibit a distinctive appearance with their white underparts, chestnut flanks, yellow crown, and a grayish-blue back.
Setophaga pensylvanica
Length: 4.3-5.1 in (11-13 cm)
Weight: 0.3-0.4 oz (8-11 g)
Wingspan: 6.3-7.1 in (16-18 cm)
Breeding occurs in the northeastern United States and southeastern Canada, where Chestnut-sided Warblers inhabit deciduous forests. During migration, they can be observed in various states, including Nebraska.
Chestnut-sided Warblers actively forage among shrubs and tree canopies, feeding on insects and small fruits.
Chestnut-sided Warbler song:
Credit: Peter Boesman, XC462147. Accessible at www.xeno-canto.org/462147.
Nests of Chestnut-sided Warblers are built in shrubs or low tree branches, typically a few feet above the ground. They are constructed from grass, leaves, and bark, forming a cup-shaped structure. Each clutch contains around four to five eggs, which hatch after approximately two weeks, with the young leaving the nest after another nine to ten days.
17. Mourning Warbler
Mourning Warblers migrate through Nebraska, usually in May and September. They are recorded in less than 1% of checklists during migration.
Mourning Warblers are visually striking, featuring blue-gray upperparts, a yellow throat and underparts, and a distinct black necklace pattern.
Geothlypis philadelphia
Length: 4.3-5.1 in (11-13 cm)
Weight: 0.3-0.4 oz (8-11 g)
Wingspan: 6.7-7.1 in (17-18 cm)
Breeding occurs in northeastern United States and southeastern Canada, primarily in dense understory habitats. During migration, Mourning Warblers can be seen in various states, including Nebraska.
Mourning Warblers forage close to the ground, often in thickets and shrubby areas, feeding on insects and small invertebrates.
Mourning Warbler song:
Credit: Lance A. M. Benner, XC556400. Accessible at www.xeno-canto.org/556400.
Nests of Mourning Warblers are typically situated on or near the ground, concealed in vegetation or leaf litter. They are constructed from grass, leaves, and plant fibers, forming a cup-shaped structure. Each clutch contains around four to five eggs, which hatch after approximately two weeks, with the young leaving the nest after another nine to ten days.
18. Black-throated Green Warbler
Black-throated Green Warblers migrate through Nebraska, usually in May and September. They are recorded in less than 1% of checklists during migration.
Black-throated Green Warblers are visually striking with their yellow underparts, olive-green upperparts, and a distinct black throat and face.
Setophaga virens
Length: 4.7-5.1 in (12-13 cm)
Weight: 0.3-0.4 oz (8-11 g)
Wingspan: 7.5-8.3 in (19-21 cm)
Breeding occurs in northeastern United States and southeastern Canada, where Black-throated Green Warblers prefer coniferous and mixed forests. During migration, they can be observed in various states, including Nebraska.
Black-throated Green Warblers forage actively in tree canopies, feeding on insects and occasionally consuming small fruits.
Black-throated Green Warbler song:
Credit: Eric DeFonso, XC526650. Accessible at www.xeno-canto.org/526650.
Nests of Black-throated Green Warblers are typically built on the ground or in low shrubs, often hidden in dense vegetation. They are constructed from grass, bark, and moss, forming a cup-shaped structure. Each clutch contains around four to five eggs, which hatch after approximately two weeks, with the young leaving the nest after another nine to ten days.
19. Kentucky Warbler
Kentucky Warblers migrate through Nebraska, usually in May and September. They are recorded in less than 1% of checklists during migration.
Kentucky Warblers have a distinct appearance with their yellow underparts, olive-green upperparts, and a bold black mask across the face.
Geothlypis formosa
Length: 4.7-5.5 in (12-14 cm)
Weight: 0.4-0.6 oz (12-17 g)
Wingspan: 7.1-8.3 in (18-21 cm)
Breeding occurs in the southeastern United States, where Kentucky Warblers inhabit damp, wooded areas with dense undergrowth. During migration, they can be observed in various states, including Nebraska.
Kentucky Warblers forage close to the ground, often in leaf litter and dense vegetation, feeding on insects and spiders.
Kentucky Warbler song:
Credit: Paul Marvin, XC520053. Accessible at www.xeno-canto.org/520053.
Nests of Kentucky Warblers are built on or near the ground, concealed in vegetation or leaf litter. They are constructed from leaves, grass, and other plant materials, forming a cup-shaped structure. Each clutch contains around four to five eggs, which hatch after approximately two weeks, with the young leaving the nest after another nine to ten days.
20. Blackburnian Warbler
Blackburnian Warblers migrate through Nebraska, usually in May and September. They are recorded in less than 1% of checklists during migration.
Blackburnian Warblers are visually striking with their fiery orange throat and breast, black back, and bold white wing bars.
Setophaga fusca
Length: 4.3-4.7 in (11-12 cm)
Weight: 0.3-0.4 oz (9-11 g)
Wingspan: 7.1-7.9 in (18-20 cm)
Breeding occurs in northeastern United States and southeastern Canada, where Blackburnian Warblers prefer coniferous and mixed forests. During migration, they can be observed in various states, including Nebraska.
Blackburnian Warblers actively forage in tree canopies, feeding on insects and occasionally consuming small fruits.
Blackburnian Warbler song:
Credit: Lance A. M. Benner, XC608092. Accessible at www.xeno-canto.org/608092.
Nests of Blackburnian Warblers are typically situated on tree branches, often near the trunk, at varying heights. They are constructed from grass, bark, and plant fibers, forming a cup-shaped structure. Each clutch contains around three to five eggs, which hatch after approximately two weeks, with the young leaving the nest after another nine to ten days.
21. Golden-winged Warbler
Golden-winged Warblers migrate through Nebraska, usually in May and September. They are recorded in less than 1% of checklists during migration.
Golden-winged Warblers exhibit a distinct appearance with their grayish-blue upperparts, yellow underparts, and bold black throat patch. Males also possess golden-yellow wing patches.
Vermivora chrysoptera
Length: 4.3-4.7 in (11-12 cm)
Weight: 0.3-0.4 oz (8-11 g)
Wingspan: 6.3-7.1 in (16-18 cm)
Breeding occurs in the northeastern United States and southeastern Canada, where Golden-winged Warblers inhabit early successional habitats and shrubby areas. During migration, they can be observed in various states, including Nebraska.
Golden-winged Warblers actively forage in shrubs and low vegetation, feeding on insects and small fruits.
Golden-winged Warbler song:
Credit: Lance A. M. Benner, XC600002. Accessible at www.xeno-canto.org/600002.
Nests of Golden-winged Warblers are usually situated on or near the ground, concealed in dense vegetation or shrubs. They are constructed from grass, bark, and plant fibers, forming a cup-shaped structure. Each clutch contains around three to five eggs, which hatch after approximately two weeks, with the young leaving the nest after another nine to ten days.
22. Canada Warbler
Canada Warblers migrate through Nebraska, usually in May and September. They are recorded in less than 1% of checklists during migration.
Canada Warblers have a distinctive appearance with their grayish-blue upperparts, yellow underparts, and a bold black necklace pattern.
Cardellina canadensis
Length: 4.3-5.1 in (11-13 cm)
Weight: 0.3-0.4 oz (9-11 g)
Wingspan: 6.7-7.5 in (17-19 cm)
Breeding occurs primarily in boreal forests of Canada and the northeastern United States. During migration, Canada Warblers can be seen in various states, including Nebraska.
Canada Warblers forage actively in shrubby areas and forest undergrowth, feeding on insects and small invertebrates.
Canada Warbler song:
Credit: Lance A. M. Benner, XC626637. Accessible at www.xeno-canto.org/626637.
Nests of Canada Warblers are typically situated on or near the ground, concealed in vegetation or shrubs. They are constructed from grass, leaves, and plant fibers, forming a cup-shaped structure. Each clutch contains around four to five eggs, which hatch after approximately two weeks, with the young leaving the nest after another nine to ten days.
23. Bay-breasted Warbler
Bay-breasted Warblers migrate through Nebraska, usually in May and September. They are recorded in less than 1% of checklists during migration.
Bay-breasted Warblers have a distinct appearance with their reddish-brown upperparts, buff-colored underparts, and a bold black face and throat.
Setophaga castanea
Length: 4.7-5.1 in (12-13 cm)
Weight: 0.4-0.5 oz (11-14 g)
Wingspan: 7.1-7.9 in (18-20 cm)
Breeding occurs primarily in boreal forests of Canada, where Bay-breasted Warblers inhabit coniferous and mixed forests. During migration, they can be observed in various states, including Nebraska.
Bay-breasted Warblers actively forage in tree canopies, feeding on insects and occasionally consuming small fruits.
Bay-breasted Warbler song:
Credit: Lance A. M. Benner, XC605524. Accessible at www.xeno-canto.org/605524.
Nests of Bay-breasted Warblers are usually situated on tree branches, concealed among dense foliage. They are constructed from grass, bark, and plant fibers, forming a cup-shaped structure. Each clutch contains around three to five eggs, which hatch after approximately two weeks, with the young leaving the nest after another nine to ten days.
24. Blackpoll Warbler
Blackpoll Warblers migrate through Nebraska, usually in May and September. They are recorded in less than 1% of checklists during migration.
Blackpoll Warblers have a distinct appearance with their black and white streaked upperparts, white underparts, and a bold white wing patch.
Setophaga striata
Length: 4.7-5.1 in (12-13 cm)
Weight: 0.4-0.5 oz (11-14 g)
Wingspan: 7.5-8.7 in (19-22 cm)
Breeding occurs in the boreal forests of Canada and Alaska, where Blackpoll Warblers prefer spruce and fir forests. During migration, they can be observed in various states, including Nebraska.
Blackpoll Warblers actively forage in tree canopies, feeding on insects and occasionally consuming small fruits.
Blackpoll Warbler song:
Credit: Lance A. M. Benner, XC639768. Accessible at www.xeno-canto.org/639768.
Nests of Blackpoll Warblers are typically situated on tree branches, often at varying heights. They are constructed from grass, bark, and plant fibers, forming a cup-shaped structure. Each clutch contains around four to five eggs, which hatch after approximately two weeks, with the young leaving the nest after another nine to ten days.
25. Cerulean Warbler
Cerulean Warblers migrate through Nebraska, usually in May and September. They are recorded in less than 1% of checklists during migration.
Cerulean Warblers are visually striking with their deep blue upperparts, white underparts, and a distinct black necklace pattern.
Setophaga cerulea
Length: 4.3-4.7 in (11-12 cm)
Weight: 0.3-0.4 oz (8-11 g)
Wingspan: 6.3-7.1 in (16-18 cm)
Breeding occurs primarily in the eastern United States and southeastern Canada, where Cerulean Warblers inhabit deciduous forests and mature woodlands. During migration, they can be observed in various states, including Nebraska.
Cerulean Warblers actively forage in tree canopies, feeding on insects and occasionally consuming small fruits.
Cerulean Warbler song:
Credit: Andrew Spencer, XC485067. Accessible at www.xeno-canto.org/485067.
Nests of Cerulean Warblers are typically situated on tree branches, often near the trunk. They are constructed from grass, bark, and plant fibers, forming a cup-shaped structure. Each clutch contains around three to four eggs, which hatch after approximately two weeks, with the young leaving the nest after another nine to ten days.
26. Prothonotary Warbler
Prothonotary Warblers migrate through Nebraska, usually in May and September. They are recorded in less than 1% of checklists during migration.
Prothonotary Warblers have a distinctive appearance with their bright yellow plumage, blue-gray wings, and a bold black eye stripe.
Protonotaria citrea
Length: 4.3-5.1 in (11-13 cm)
Weight: 0.4-0.5 oz (12-14 g)
Wingspan: 7.1-7.5 in (18-19 cm)
Breeding occurs in the southeastern United States and along the Gulf Coast, where Prothonotary Warblers inhabit swampy forests and wetlands. During migration, they can be observed in various states, including Nebraska.
Prothonotary Warblers actively forage close to the water, often in shrubby areas, feeding on insects and small invertebrates.
Prothonotary Warbler song:
Credit: Jonathon Jongsma, XC394635. Accessible at www.xeno-canto.org/394635.
Nests of Prothonotary Warblers are usually situated in tree cavities or nesting boxes, often near the water. They are constructed from grass, bark, and plant fibers, forming a cup-shaped structure. Each clutch contains around four to seven eggs, which hatch after approximately two weeks, with the young leaving the nest after another nine to ten days.
27. Worm-eating Warbler
Worm-eating Warblers migrate through Nebraska, usually in May and September. They are recorded in less than 1% of checklists during migration.
Worm-eating Warblers have a cryptic appearance with their brownish upperparts, buff-colored underparts, and bold black stripes on the head and body.
Helmitheros vermivorum
Length: 5.1-5.9 in (13-15 cm)
Weight: 0.4-0.6 oz (12-17 g)
Wingspan: 7.9-9.1 in (20-23 cm)
Breeding occurs primarily in the eastern United States, where Worm-eating Warblers inhabit deciduous forests with dense understory. During migration, they can be observed in various states, including Nebraska.
Worm-eating Warblers actively forage on or near the ground, feeding on insects and small invertebrates.
Worm-eating Warbler song:
Credit: Jonathon Jongsma, XC394635. Accessible at www.xeno-canto.org/394635.
Nests of Worm-eating Warblers are typically situated on or near the ground, concealed in leaf litter or dense vegetation. They are constructed from leaves, grass, and plant fibers, forming a cup-shaped structure. Each clutch contains around three to six eggs, which hatch after approximately two weeks, with the young leaving the nest after another nine to ten days.
28. Swainson’s Warbler
Swainson’s Warblers migrate through Nebraska, usually in May and September. They are recorded in less than 1% of checklists during migration.
Swainson’s Warblers have a cryptic appearance with their olive-brown upperparts, pale underparts, and a bold white eyebrow.
Limnothlypis swainsonii
Length: 5.1-5.9 in (13-15 cm)
Weight: 0.5-0.7 oz (14-20 g)
Wingspan: 7.9-8.7 in (20-22 cm)
Breeding occurs in the southeastern United States, primarily in swampy forests and bottomland hardwoods. During migration, Swainson’s Warblers can be observed in various states, including Nebraska.
Swainson’s Warblers forage on or close to the ground, feeding on insects, spiders, and small invertebrates.
Swainson’s Warbler song:
Credit: David M. Nelson, XC593002. Accessible at www.xeno-canto.org/593002.
Nests of Swainson’s Warblers are typically situated on or near the ground, concealed in leaf litter or dense vegetation. They are constructed from leaves, grass, and plant fibers, forming a cup-shaped structure. Each clutch contains around three to five eggs, which hatch after approximately two weeks, with the young leaving the nest after another nine to ten days.
29. Connecticut Warbler
Connecticut Warblers migrate through Nebraska, usually in May and September. They are recorded in less than 1% of checklists during migration.
Connecticut Warblers have a cryptic appearance with their olive-brown upperparts, pale underparts, and a distinct gray head.
Oporornis agilis
Length: 4.7-5.9 in (12-15 cm)
Weight: 0.5-0.7 oz (15-20 g)
Wingspan: 7.9-8.7 in (20-22 cm)
Breeding occurs primarily in the boreal forests of Canada and the northeastern United States. During migration, Connecticut Warblers can be observed in various states, including Nebraska.
Connecticut Warblers forage close to the ground, often in dense vegetation, feeding on insects and small invertebrates.
Connecticut Warbler song:
Credit: Bob McGuire, XC601506. Accessible at www.xeno-canto.org/601506.
Nests of Connecticut Warblers are typically situated on or near the ground, concealed in leaf litter or dense vegetation. They are constructed from leaves, grass, and plant fibers, forming a cup-shaped structure. Each clutch contains around four to five eggs, which hatch after approximately two weeks, with the young leaving the nest after another nine to ten days.
30. Golden-winged Warbler
Golden-winged Warblers migrate through Nebraska, usually in May and September. They are recorded in less than 1% of checklists during migration.
Golden-winged Warblers have a distinct appearance with their grayish-blue upperparts, yellow underparts, and a distinct black throat patch. Males also possess golden-yellow wing patches.
Vermivora chrysoptera
Length: 4.3-4.7 in (11-12 cm)
Weight: 0.3-0.4 oz (8-11 g)
Wingspan: 7.1-7.5 in (18-19 cm)
Breeding occurs in the northeastern United States and southeastern Canada, where Golden-winged Warblers prefer coniferous and mixed forests. During migration, they can be observed in various states, including Nebraska.
Golden-winged Warblers actively forage in tree canopies, feeding on insects and occasionally consuming small fruits.
Golden-winged Warbler song:
Credit: Lance A. M. Benner, XC600002. Accessible at www.xeno-canto.org/600002.
Nests of Golden-winged Warblers are typically situated on or near the ground, concealed in dense vegetation or shrubs. They are constructed from grass, bark, and plant fibers, forming a cup-shaped structure. Each clutch contains around three to five eggs, which hatch after approximately two weeks, with the young leaving the nest after another nine to ten days.
31. Tennessee Warbler
Tennessee Warblers migrate through Nebraska, usually in May and September. They are recorded in less than 1% of checklists during migration.
Tennessee Warblers have a subtle appearance with their olive-green upperparts, pale underparts, and a distinct white eye ring.
Leiothlypis peregrina
Length: 4.3-4.7 in (11-12 cm)
Weight: 0.3-0.4 oz (9-11 g)
Wingspan: 6.3-7.1 in (16-18 cm)
Breeding occurs primarily in boreal forests of Canada, where Tennessee Warblers prefer coniferous and mixed forests. During migration, they can be observed in various states, including Nebraska.
Tennessee Warblers actively forage in tree canopies, feeding on insects and occasionally consuming small fruits.
Tennessee Warbler song:
Credit: Lance A. M. Benner, XC619585. Accessible at www.xeno-canto.org/619585.
Nests of Tennessee Warblers are typically situated on tree branches, often near the trunk. They are constructed from grass, bark
, and plant fibers, forming a cup-shaped structure. Each clutch contains around four to five eggs, which hatch after approximately two weeks, with the young leaving the nest after another nine to ten days.
32. Wilson’s Warbler
Wilson’s Warblers migrate through Nebraska, usually in May and September. They are recorded in less than 1% of checklists during migration.
Wilson’s Warblers have a bright appearance with their yellow plumage, olive-green back, and a distinct black cap.
Cardellina pusilla
Length: 4.3-4.7 in (11-12 cm)
Weight: 0.3-0.4 oz (8-11 g)
Wingspan: 6.3-7.1 in (16-18 cm)
Breeding occurs in western North America, particularly in coniferous forests. During migration, Wilson’s Warblers can be observed in various states, including Nebraska.
Wilson’s Warblers actively forage close to the ground, often in shrubs and low vegetation, feeding on insects and small invertebrates.
Wilson’s Warbler song:
Credit: Paul Marvin, XC519781. Accessible at www.xeno-canto.org/519781.
Nests of Wilson’s Warblers are typically situated on or near the ground, concealed in dense vegetation or shrubs. They are constructed from grass, bark, and plant fibers, forming a cup-shaped structure. Each clutch contains around four to five eggs, which hatch after approximately two weeks, with the young leaving the nest after another nine to ten days.
33. American Redstart
American Redstarts migrate through Nebraska, usually in May and September. They are recorded in less than 1% of checklists during migration.
American Redstarts have a striking appearance with their black upperparts, orange patches on the wings and tail, and a bright yellow or orange underparts.
Setophaga ruticilla
Length: 4.3-5.1 in (11-13 cm)
Weight: 0.3-0.4 oz (9-11 g)
Wingspan: 6.3-7.9 in (16-20 cm)
Breeding occurs in the northeastern United States and southeastern Canada, where American Redstarts inhabit various forest types. During migration, they can be observed in various states, including Nebraska.
American Redstarts actively forage in tree canopies, constantly flicking their wings and tail, and feeding on insects.
American Redstart song:
Credit: Lance A. M. Benner, XC582422. Accessible at www.xeno-canto.org/582422.
Nests of American Redstarts are usually situated on tree branches, often at varying heights. They are constructed from grass, bark, and plant fibers, forming a cup-shaped structure. Each clutch contains around three to five eggs, which hatch after approximately two weeks, with the young leaving the nest after another nine to ten days.
34. Yellow Warbler
Yellow Warblers are common migrants in Nebraska, usually seen in May and September. They are recorded in a significant percentage of checklists during migration.
Yellow Warblers are small, bright yellow birds with a reddish streaking on their breast. Males have reddish-brown streaks on their chest, while females are typically paler.
Setophaga petechia
Length: 4.7-5.1 in (12-13 cm)
Weight: 0.3-0.4 oz (8-11 g)
Wingspan: 6.7-7.5 in (17-19 cm)
Breeding occurs in North America, including parts of Nebraska, where Yellow Warblers inhabit a variety of habitats such as wetlands, shrubby areas, and forests. During migration, they can be observed in various states, including Nebraska.
Yellow Warblers actively forage in shrubs and trees, feeding on insects, spiders, and occasionally small fruits.
Yellow Warbler song:
Credit: Jonathon Jongsma, XC588971. Accessible at www.xeno-canto.org/588971.
Nests of Yellow Warblers are typically situated in shrubs or trees, constructed from grass, plant fibers, and spiderwebs. They are cup-shaped and often lined with soft materials. Each clutch contains around three to five eggs, which hatch after approximately two weeks, with the young leaving the nest after another nine to ten days.
These are 34 species of warblers that can be observed in Nebraska, including both breeding and migratory species. Keep in mind that the presence and abundance of these warblers may vary based on seasonal and environmental factors, so it’s always best to consult local birding resources and recent sightings for the most accurate and up-to-date information.
What Sounds Do Warblers Make?
Warblers’ melodic tunes often precede their visible presence, and familiarizing yourself with a few of their songs can aid in identifying the avian companions you encounter. Fortunately, certain warblers possess more distinctive melodies than others.
Warblers’ vocalizations can be characterized as buzzing, crystalline, or trilling, with varying pitches and a medley of sounds interwoven. A buzzing note resembles that of an insect, while a crystalline note resonates like a whistle, and a trill is executed at such a rapid pace that individual notes become indiscernible.
Within this guide, you can acquaint yourself with the songs of all the warblers, or refer to the comprehensive compilation of 13 easily recognizable warbler songs for assistance.
Warblers with Buzzing Songs:
– The Black-throated Blue Warbler’s song ascends with a buzzy quality.
– Prairie Warblers also emit buzzy and ascending melodies.
– Black-throated Green Warblers’ songs possess a buzzing element, occasionally interspersed with a couple of crystalline notes.
– The song of Blackpoll Warblers is clear and steady, reminiscent of the buzzing sound produced by insects.
– Prairie Warblers’ songs are buzzy and rise in pitch.
– Palm Warblers’ songs have a distinct buzz.
Warblers with Songs Featuring Clear Notes:
– The Common Yellowthroat’s song comprises a sequence of rising and falling notes, repeated in succession.
– Ovenbirds sing a series of notes that ascend and descend.
– Hooded Warblers also showcase clear notes in their songs.
– Chestnut-sided Warblers’ songs consist of a series of clear descending notes that accelerate towards the end.
– Yellow-rumped Warblers produce a series of clear notes that gradually fade away.
– Yellow Warblers’ songs accelerate in tempo.
– Northern Parulas enchant with a rising trill that concludes with a distinct note, akin to a punctuation mark signaling a halt.
– Wilson’s Warblers’ songs are a series of clear descending notes that accelerate.
The Frequency of Warbler Sightings in Nebraska During Summer and Winter
Checklists serve as invaluable resources for identifying commonly sighted avian species in your state. These records provide insights into the warblers most frequently observed on checklists submitted to ebird during summer and winter in Nebraska.
Warblers in Nebraska During Summer:
– Yellow Warbler: 28.6%
– Common Yellowthroat: 22.2%
– Yellow-rumped Warbler: 8.4%
– American Redstart: 7.4%
– Orange-crowned Warbler: 5.3%
– Tennessee Warbler: 3.8%
– Yellow-breasted Chat: 3.1%
– Blackpoll Warbler: 2.7%
– Black-and-white Warbler: 2.6%
– Ovenbird: 2.4%
– Nashville Warbler: 2.3%
– Wilson’s Warbler: 1.4%
– Northern Waterthrush: 1.3%
– Northern Parula: 1.2%
– Magnolia Warbler: 1.1%
– Chestnut-sided Warbler: 0.9%
– Palm Warbler: 0.8%
– Louisiana Waterthrush: 0.7%
– Kentucky Warbler: 0.6%
– Mourning Warbler: 0.6%
– Golden-winged Warbler: 0.5%
– Blackburnian Warbler: 0.4%
– Prothonotary Warbler: 0.3%
– Black-throated Green Warbler: 0.2%
– Yellow-throated Warbler: 0.2%
– Bay-breasted Warbler: 0.1%
– Canada Warbler: 0.1%
– Hooded Warbler: 0.1%
– Cerulean Warbler: 0.1%
– MacGillivray’s Warbler: 0.1%
– Townsend’s Warbler: <0.1%
– Black-throated Blue Warbler: <0.1%
– Blue-winged Warbler: <0.1%
– Pine Warbler: <0.1%
Warblers in Nebraska During Winter:
– Yellow-rumped Warbler: 1.7%
– Pine Warbler: 0.1%
– Orange-crowned Warbler: 0.1%
– Yellow-throated Warbler: <0.1%
– Common Yellowthroat: <0.1%
– Nashville Warbler: <0.1%
– Palm Warbler: <0.1%
How to Attract Warblers to Your Backyard
While warblers may not be as commonly drawn to backyard feeders as other songbirds, there are methods to entice these melodious avian visitors to your premises:
– Provide ample trees if your yard offers sufficient space.
– Foster an environment conducive to insect activity by maintaining brush piles and embracing a less pristine approach to tidiness.
– Refrain from using pesticides or herbicides to ensure a bountiful insect population, while safeguarding the well-being of birds.
– Offer a clean water source.
– Supply mealworms, preferably live ones, although dried alternatives can suffice.
– Install bird feeders stocked with sunflower seeds, peanut hearts, and suet.