There exists a plethora of blossoms that entice hummingbirds, but it is crucial to discover flora that can withstand and flourish in your specific climatic conditions. Should the temperature be excessively scorching or bitterly cold, these plants may either wither away or fail to grow adequately, resulting in insufficient production of nectar-rich flowers for the hummingbirds to gather sustenance from.
The United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) has divided the nation into 13 distinct zones based on the average minimum temperature. Additionally, within each state, various zones are also present. Different plants thrive in specific zones and can tolerate minimum temperatures, but they cannot survive if subjected to excessively cold climates.
Michigan, for instance, experiences prolonged, frigid winters and mild summers in the northern peninsula, while the southern peninsula is milder, particularly in the vicinity of the lake. The hardiness zones in Michigan range from 4 to 6.
To account for extreme heat, the American Horticultural Society developed a plant heat-zone map, showcasing the average number of days an area endures temperatures exceeding 86 degrees Fahrenheit. In Michigan, the heat zones range from 2 to 5, indicating that heat is not a major concern for hummingbird-friendly plants, whereas the cold winters pose more significant challenges.
In order to guarantee that the plants selected for hummingbirds are not only adorned with exquisite, nectar-laden flowers that these avian creatures adore but also thrive optimally in Michigan’s weather conditions, careful consideration has been given to the cold and heat zones within the state.
It should be noted that plants listed under the cold zones 5-6 may struggle to survive the harsher winters of zone 4 in Michigan without some form of protection. Therefore, it is advisable to plant as many of these flowers as possible to attract hummingbirds in Michigan.
Here is a compilation of hummingbird plants suitable for Michigan’s Hardiness Zone 4:
1. Nasturtiums
Nasturtiums, trailing and delectable blossoms, offer the perfect choice for creating hanging baskets that allure hummingbirds due to their copious nectar and uniquely designed deep flowers. Typically grown as annuals, they are available in trailing or bush varieties. Sow the seeds outdoors shortly after the last frosts, and ensure they receive adequate watering during the growing season while also removing faded flowers.
Common Name: Nasturtiums
Scientific Name: Tropaeolum
Growing Zones: 2 – 11
Sun: Full
Soil: Well-drained
Colors: Red, orange, yellow, pink
Height: 1 – 10 feet
Spread: 1 – 3 feet
Plant Type: Annual
2. Zinnia
Zinnias are shrubby flowers native to the dry grasslands and scrub areas of North America. Belonging to the Heliantheae genus, which is part of the vast Asteraceae family, they can be categorized into three main types based on their petal structure.
Single-flowered zinnias possess a solitary row of petals with a visible center, while double-flowered zinnias feature multiple rows without a discernible center. Semi-double-flowered zinnias exhibit numerous rows with visible centers. Zinnia elegans, known for its tall stems and vibrant colors, is a classic choice for backyards and gardens.
Reaching a height of 4 feet, this variety showcases numerous resplendent flowers, blooming from early summer until frost, attracting pollinators like butterflies and, of course, hummingbirds. Growing zinnias is a straightforward process, requiring direct sowing in the desired location, as they dislike transplantation.
Once established under full sun and well-draining soil, these brilliant blooms will grace your garden for an extended period.
Common Name: Zinnea, Zinnia
Scientific Name: Zinnia elegans
Growing Zones: Annuals in 2-8, Perennials in 9-11
Sun: Full sun
Soil: Neutral to slightly alkaline, well-draining
Colors: White, yellow, orange, pink, red, purple
Height: 1 – 4 feet tall
Spread: 12 – 18 feet wide
Plant Type: Annual, Perennial Shrubs
3. Agastache
Agastache, pronounced “ah-GAH-stuh-kee,” comprises aromatic herbaceous perennials encompassing approximately 22 species, with a majority being native to North America. Commonly referred to as “hummingbird mints” or “Giant hyssops,” these plants can also be utilized to create herbal tea.
The alluring Agastache flowers catch the attention of hummingbirds due to their prominent display amidst the leaves. Measuring around 3 to 4 inches in length, these flowers possess a fuzzy appearance, formed by numerous tiny blooms clustered together.
Sporting vivid hues of purple and red, they embody hummingbirds’ preferred colors, enticing them to flock towards the Agastache flowers, particularly during their peak bloom in the summer. The most effective approach for cultivating Agastache flowers involves starting them indoors as young plants during May, subsequently transplanting them into flower beds during the summer.
Adequate sunlight and regular watering are necessary for their initial establishment. However, once they have taken root, these plants exhibit resilience against drought conditions and require minimal intervention.
As desert plants, they possess the capacity to endure scorching temperatures, eliminating the need for excessive watering. Excessive moisture can result in root decay, so it is advisable to provide sufficient hydration without overdoing it, allowing the plants to dry out between watering sessions.
Common Name: Agastache, Hummingbird Mint, Hyssop
Scientific Name: Agastache
Growing Zones: 3 – 10
Sun: Full Sun
Soil: Lean soil, well-drained
Colors: Blue, purple, red, orange, pink, white
Height: 3 – 5 feet tall
Spread: Varies
Plant Type: Herbaceous perennial
4. Morning Glory
The term “Morning Glory” encapsulates over a thousand species of flowering plants belonging to the Convolvulaceae family. Morning Glory flowers derived their name due to their unique characteristic of opening early in the morning and closing as the day’s heat intensifies.
However, certain species within the Morning Glory family bloom at night rather than during the day, such as Ipomoea alba. Morning glory flowers, characterized by their vibrant and colorful blooms, fast-growing vines, bright green foliage, and tolerance for poor and dry soils, are often entwined around arbors or allowed to trail along the exterior walls of houses with the aid of trellises.
One popular Morning Glory species that has been known to attract hummingbirds is Ipomoea purpurea. Exhibiting stunning trumpet-shaped flowers in bright purple hues and heart-shaped leaves, this variety opens in the morning and closes in the afternoon, gracing gardens from early summer until early fall.
While Morning Glory is an annual vine, it may behave as a perennial in milder climates. It is crucial to provide Morning Glories with full sun exposure, preferably around 8 hours of sunlight each day, to maximize their blooming potential.
Additionally, Morning Glories should be planted directly in the desired location, as they do not tolerate transplantation well. Once they become established, basking in the sunlight and nurtured by well-draining soil, these vibrant blooms will continue to captivate onlookers for an extended duration.
Caution must be exercised, as Morning Glories are fast-growing vines that may become invasive if not properly managed. Furthermore, their seeds are toxic if ingested, necessitating vigilance to keep them out of reach of children and pets.
Common Name: Morning Glory, Common Morning Glory
Scientific Name: Convolvulaceae family
Growing Zones: 2 – 11
Sun: Full sun
Soil: Moist, well-draining
Colors: White, pink, purple, blue
Height: 6 – 10 feet tall
Spread: 3 – 6 feet wide
Plant Type: Annual
5. Impatiens
Impatiens, vibrant annuals, prove to be excellent additions for brightening up shady areas, while simultaneously attracting hummingbirds. Flourishing in moist, well-draining soil and partial shade, these plants can also thrive when hung on porches.
Typically purchased as tray-grown plants from nurseries, they are often planted close together to create a lush carpet of flowers and leaves. Seeds can be collected from the plants and sown indoors approximately 10 weeks before the last frost, as they require a significant amount of time to reach the flowering stage.
Alternatively, cuttings can be taken in the autumn and grown indoors until the frosty period has subsided.
Common Name: Impatiens, Jewelweed, Touch-me-not, Snapweed, Patience
Scientific Name: Impatiens
Growing Zones: 2 – 11
Sun: Shade or partial shade
Soil: Rich, well-draining
Colors: Red, pink, purple, yellow, coral
Height: 6 – 36 inches
Spread: 1 – 3 feet
Plant Type: Annual
6. Columbine
Columbine plants emerge as an outstanding choice for attracting hummingbirds due to their diverse range of vibrant flower colors, coupled with their ability to thrive in partial shade. These elegant perennials, known scientifically as Aquilegia, feature spiky, bell-shaped blooms measuring 3 to 6 inches in length.
With numerous varieties available, most of them flourish in areas receiving sun to full shade, flowering as early as spring. Not only are these hardy flowers shade-tolerant, but they also exhibit drought tolerance and resistance to deer.
For optimal growth, columbine seeds should be directly sown into the ground during spring, allowing them to self-seed if left untouched at the end of the flowering season. Alternatively, for a head start, the seeds can be sown indoors 6 to 8 weeks before the last frost. It is important to note that flowers will not appear until the second year for seed-grown plants.
Common Name: Columbine, Aquilegia
Scientific Name: Aquilegia
Growing Zones: 3 – 9
Sun: Full sun to partial shade
Soil: Neutral pH, moist but not waterlogged
Colors: Red, pink, blue, orange, white, yellow
Height: 1 – 3 feet
Spread: 1 foot
Plant Type: Perennial
7. Coneflower
Coneflower, scientifically known as Echinacea, belongs to the daisy family, Asteraceae, and encompasses a diverse range of flowering plants. Within this genus, there are ten species, with the most prevalent backyard ornamental coneflower being Echinacea purpurea, also known as the purple coneflower, native to eastern North America.
These striking flowers, displaying petals that slope downward once the central flower head opens, resembling a cone shape, serve as a major attraction for hummingbirds, as well as bees and butterflies. With vibrant colors, including reds and purples, these coneflowers possess a nectar-rich central cone, inviting pollinators to partake in a delightful feast.
Coneflowers are large, measuring approximately 6 inches in diameter, with stalks reaching heights of up to 5 feet. They are available in various colors, such as white, yellow, orange, pink, red, purple, and green, depending on the specific variety.
Thriving under full sun exposure and well-drained soil, these plants boast an extensive blooming period from summer to fall.
Common Name: Coneflower
Scientific Name: Echinacea
Growing Zones: 3 – 9
Sun: Full sun
Soil: Varies
Colors: White, yellow, orange, pink, red, purple, green
Height: 2 – 5 feet tall
Spread: 1 ½ – 2 feet wide
Plant Type: Perennial
8. Penstemon
Penstemon, a genus encompassing over 250 ornamental flowering plants, such as snapdragons and foxgloves, belongs to the plantain family, Plantaginaceae. Also referred to as Beardtongue due to the tuft of small hairs on the pollen-free stamen protruding from the flowers, Penstemon offers a wide array of species and varieties to suit various backyard settings.
Whether low-growing varieties suitable for ground cover or tall, upright plants with vertical flower spikes, these plants possess several common traits: drought tolerance, attractiveness to hummingbirds and bees, easy maintenance, and the ability to bring vibrant blooms to any garden.
Flowers of the Penstemon genus typically bloom in early summer, serving as a focal point with their colorful clusters of tubular flowers forming spires. Depending on the variety, these flowers can exhibit a range of colors, including blue, purple, red, orange, white, pink, and yellow.
Hummingbirds are particularly drawn to Penstemon due to their vivid colors and nectar-rich qualities. Optimal growth conditions involve planting Penstemon in areas that receive full sunlight, which encourages abundant blooms and prevents drooping.
These plants prefer lean, fast-draining soil and exhibit drought tolerance, though occasional watering is beneficial. Selecting a variety suited to specific soil conditions and climate will contribute to their longevity.
Common Name: Penstemon, Foxglove Beard-tongue, Talus Slope Penstemon, White Beardtongue
Scientific Name: Penstemon
Growing Zones: 3 – 9
Sun: Full sun
Soil: Lean, fast-draining
Colors: Blue, purple, red, orange, white, pink, yellow
Height: 6 – 12 inches, 1 – 3 feet, 3 – 8 feet
Spread: 8 – 20 inches
Plant Type: Perennial
9. Summersweet
Summersweet, scientifically known as Clethra alnifolia, represents a flowering shrub that not only exhibits captivating aesthetics but also entices hummingbirds to grace your backyard. As a member of the Clethraceae family, Summersweet flourishes in various climates, with a particular affinity for wetlands, pond edges, and stream surroundings.
Characterized by vertical spikes of fragrant white flowers juxtaposed against dark green foliage, Summersweet offers an appealing visual spectacle. The leaves transition to yellow or gold hues during autumn, adding further interest.
The name “pepperbush” derives from the resemblance of the brown seed capsules, which resemble peppercorns, dropped after the blooming phase. Summersweet flowers bloom between July and August, featuring clusters of 2 to 6-inch-long blossoms in shades of white or pink.
Emitting a pleasant fragrance, these flowers serve as a captivating lure for butterflies, hummingbirds, and birds attracted to the pepper-like seeds during autumn. Thriving in moist to wet soil conditions, Summersweet showcases its optimal growth potential in shady environments.
While they tolerate saline air, these plants should be watered adequately to maintain moisture levels. Careful management involves providing ample space for Summersweet, as its wide spreading tendencies necessitate accommodating planting areas.
Maintaining soil wetness and pruning old branches during spring promote new growth and shape refinement.
Common Name: Summersweet, Coastal Sweet Pepperbush
Scientific Name: Clethra alnifolia
Growing Zones: 3 – 9
Sun: Full sun or partial shade
Soil: Moist to wet soil, slightly acidic
Colors: White, pink, rose-colored
Height: 4 – 8 feet tall
Spread: 4 – 6 feet wide
Plant Type: Perennial, Deciduous shrub
10. Yarrow
Yarrow, scientifically known as Achillea millefolium, carries a rich folklore that has contributed to its reputation. Its scientific name pays homage to the mythical Greek hero Achilles, who supposedly utilized yarrow to treat wounds sustained by his soldiers.
Additionally, it earned the moniker “Nosebleed” due to its association with both starting and stopping nosebleeds. The name “Millefolium” aptly describes its feathery leaves, seemingly divided into thousands of tiny leaflets.
Common Yarrow, widely cultivated in many backyards, stands out with its attractive clusters of tiny flowers in white, yellow, pink, or red, depending on the variant. These flowers, tightly clustered on each stem, range from 15 to 40 in number.
Coupled with evenly distributed feathery leaves along the stems, which can reach lengths of 2 to 8 inches, Yarrow offers an aromatic presence with a soft, fern-like appearance. Hummingbirds, bees, and butterflies are consistently drawn to these charming flowers, making them a valuable addition to any garden.
Cultivating Yarrow is relatively straightforward, requiring full sunlight exposure and regular watering to keep the plants adequately hydrated. In addition to their ornamental value, Common Yarrow possesses various medicinal properties and has historically been used to treat wounds, burns, colds, fevers, and headaches.
Common Name: Common Yarrow, Milfoil, Nosebleed, Thousand-leaf
Scientific Name: Achillea millefolium
Growing Zones: 3 – 9
Sun: Full sun
Soil: Sandy, loamy, clay, well-draining
Colors: White, yellow, pink, red
Height: 2 – 3 feet tall
Spread: 2 – 3 feet wide
Plant Type: Perennial
11. Butterfly Weed
Butterfly Weed, scientifically referred to as Asclepias tuberosa, showcases bushy and eye-catching characteristics that make it an excellent choice for attracting hummingbirds to your garden. It is also known as Pleurisy Root due to its historical use in Native American medicine for treating pleurisy and other pulmonary ailments.
Another common name, Orange Milkweed, alludes to its orange-colored flowers and its inclusion in the Milkweed family, although it does not possess a milky sap. Planting Butterfly Weed is a surefire way to invite butterflies, bees, and hummingbirds into your garden.
The long, bright red tubular flowers of Butterfly Weed are specifically designed to accommodate the long bills of hummingbirds. These herbaceous perennials bloom in late summer, with the vibrant red flowers adorning terminal spikes.
To ensure optimal growth, Butterfly Weed prefers moist soil that does not dry out completely. When planted in pots, it is advisable to place them in trays of water to maintain moisture levels easily. Care should be taken when it comes to self-seeding, as Butterfly Weed can become invasive if left unchecked.
However, the plant serves a vital purpose in preventing the extinction of monarch butterflies, as their caterpillars rely on milkweed leaves as a food source.
Common Name: Butterfly Weed, Butterfly Flower, Orange Milkweed, Pleurisy Root
Scientific Name: Asclepias tuberosa
Growing Zones: 3 – 9
Sun: Full sun
Soil: Poor, dry, well-draining soil
Colors: Orange, yellow, red, pink
Height: 1 – 2 feet tall
Spread: 12 – 18 inches wide
Plant Type: Perennial
12. Hydrangea
Hydrangeas, renowned for their enormous flower heads, provide a captivating touch to shaded areas of your yard. These showy plants thrive in environments that offer some relief from intense heat, making shade an ideal condition, particularly during the afternoon.
Hydrangeas also exhibit a preference for moist soil, necessitating regular watering, especially in dry conditions. Pruning should be performed once the flowers have withered during the winter season.
Hydrangeas showcase their exuberant blooms from spring until well into fall, adding interest to your garden even during winter months.
Common Name: Hydrangea
Scientific Name: Hydrangea
Growing Zones: 3 – 9
Sun: Full sun to shade
Soil: Fertile, well-draining
Colors: Pink, red, white, blue, green
Height: 3 – 15 feet
Spread: 2 – 12 feet
Plant Type: Perennial
13. Veronica
Veronica encompasses a genus of flowering plants consisting of approximately 500 species, making it the largest genus within the Plantaginaceae family. These herbaceous perennials and annuals, native to the temperate Northern Hemisphere, offer a diverse selection for your backyard.
Veronica plants range from low-growing varieties ideal for ground covers, often flowering in spring, to tall, upright specimens with vertical flower spikes that bloom during summer. One particularly popular variety is Veronica spicata, known for its colorful vertical spikes composed of tiny flowers clumped together in white, pink, purple, or blue hues.
These distinct flowers serve as a magnet for hummingbirds, butterflies, and bees. Speedwells, as Veronicas are also called, boast hardiness, tolerating various soil types and exhibiting minimal pest issues.
Deadheading the flowers promotes extended blooming periods, and Veronicas thrive under full sunlight, although they require regular watering during the early stages of growth. Selecting a variety suited to specific soil conditions and climate will ensure prolonged enjoyment of these delightful plants.
Common Name: Veronica, Speedwell
Scientific Name: Genus Veronica, family Plantaginaceae
Growing Zones: 3 – 11
Sun: Full sun, partial shade
Soil: Well-drained
Colors: White, pink, purple, blue
Height: 6 inches to 3 feet tall
Spread: 6 inches to 2 feet wide
Plant Type: Perennial
14. Bleeding Heart
Bleeding Heart, scientifically known as Dicentra spectabilis, presents a charming option for attracting hummingbirds to your garden. These perennial plants boast delicate, heart-shaped flowers with a lovely sweet scent, making them an enchanting addition to any shady corner.
Bleeding Hearts require minimal maintenance and can be planted in both full sun and partial shade. They thrive in moist but not overly wet soil conditions.
While the flowers die back during hot weather, the plant remains resilient, with the roots surviving to bloom again the following year. Adequate watering during the growing season ensures soil moisture without excessive saturation.
As autumn approaches and the foliage starts to yellow, cutting back the plant is recommended. Bleeding Heart will regrow and continue to beautify your garden.
Common Name: Bleeding Heart
Scientific Name: Dicentra spectabilis
Growing Zones: 3 – 9
Sun: Partial shade
Soil: Well-drained, moist
Colors: Red, white, pink
Height: 3 feet
Spread: 3 feet
Plant Type: Perennial
15. Cardinal Flower
Cardinal Flower, scientifically known as Lobelia cardinalis, displays long, vibrant red tubular flowers specifically designed to accommodate hummingbirds’ bills. These herbaceous perennials bloom in late summer, featuring bright red flowers arranged in terminal spikes. Cardinal Flowers require moist soil that does not dry out completely, making them not particularly drought-tolerant. When planting them in pots, placing the containers in trays of water helps maintain proper hydration levels.
Common Name: Cardinal Flower
Scientific Name: Lobelia cardinalis
Growing Zones: 3 – 9
Sun: Full sun to partial shade
Soil: Rich, moist
Colors: Red, pink, white
Height: 2 – 4 feet
Spread: 1 – 2 feet
Plant Type: Perennial
16. Phlox
Phlox is a group of flowering plants known for their vibrant, intensely-colored flowers. The name “Phlox” originates from a Greek word meaning “Flame,” which accurately describes the fiery hues of its blooms. This genus encompasses various species, but three common types are Creeping Phlox (Phlox subulata), Woodland Phlox (Phlox stolonifera/divaricata), and Garden Phlox (Phlox paniculata).
Creeping Phlox grows close to the ground, spreading wide and low, making it an excellent choice for ground covers. Woodland Phlox, of medium height, is suitable for filling in gaps. Garden Phlox, on the other hand, grows tall and upright, often standing out even when placed at the back of a garden bed.
Phlox flowers are delicate and grow in clusters of twelve atop hardy stems. Many of these flowers emit a delightful fragrance. Some species bloom in spring, while others continue flowering from summer through fall. With a wide range of varieties, Phlox comes in various colors, including shades of white, pink, red, purple, and blue.
Although Phlox flowers profusely, their leaves often go unnoticed due to the abundance of blooms. However, the leaves are also worth appreciating. They come in different shapes, including oblong, pointed, and lance-shaped, with some featuring border colors. While the flowers steal the spotlight, the leaves are typically bright or deep green in color.
Regardless of the specific type, Phlox plants are known to attract hummingbirds and other pollinators. Fortunately, they are easy to grow, and some species can self-seed, requiring minimal effort beyond occasional watering and ample sunlight.
Common Name: Garden Phlox, Creeping Phlox, Woodland Phlox
Scientific Name: Phlox
Growing Zones: 2 – 9
Sun: Full sun, part sun, shade
Soil: Moist, fertile soil with a layer of compost
Colors: white, pink, red, purple, blue
Height: 4 to 6 inches, 8 to 12 inches, 2 to 4 feet tall
Spread: 4 to 6 inches wide, 8 to 12 inches wide, 2 to 3 feet wide
Plant Type: Perennial
17. Viburnum
Viburnum belongs to the Adoxaceae family and comprises over 150 species of flowering plants. Previously classified under the honeysuckle family, Caprifoliaceae, Viburnum includes deciduous shrubs and trees native to temperate regions of North America, while some evergreen varieties originate from Southeast Asia’s tropical regions.
Hummingbirds and butterflies find Viburnum flowers enticing due to their diverse range of nectar-rich, shapely blooms. Some varieties, such as Cayuga and Burkwood, even emit intoxicating fragrances. Additionally, Viburnum exhibits captivating leaf colors, including purplish-red and blue-green. The plant’s berries are equally eye-catching, displaying colors such as red, pink, purple, blue, and black.
While most Viburnum varieties bloom from early spring to late summer, some, like the Bodnant Viburnum, flower in winter. After the blossoms fade, the plants showcase brilliantly-colored fruits and captivating fall foliage.
Viburnums thrive when exposed to at least six hours of sunlight, resulting in vibrant flowers, abundant fruits, and striking foliage. Certain varieties tolerate partial shade. Although sunlight requirements may vary, all Viburnums prefer well-draining soil and benefit from pruning after flowering to remove old, dead, and broken branches.
With their fragrant flowers, colorful foliage, and eye-catching fruits, Viburnums serve as excellent additions to
any backyard, while attracting hummingbirds is an added bonus.
Common Name: Viburnum
Scientific Name: Viburnum
Growing Zones: 2 – 9
Sun: Full sun, Partial sun
Soil: Moist but well-drained soil
Colors: white, pink
Height: 3 – 8 feet, 8 – 20 feet
Spread: 3 to 12 feet wide, depending on the type
Plant Type: Perennial, Evergreen, Deciduous shrub
18. English Hawthorn
The English Hawthorn (Craetaegus Laevigata), also known as Midland Hawthorn or Woodland Hawthorn, is a deciduous, thorny tree native to Europe and North Africa. Resembling apple, pear, and crabapple trees, it blooms profusely during springtime.
English Hawthorn trees are relatively small to medium-sized, reaching heights of up to 30 feet. They tolerate drought and poor soil conditions, making them popular as street trees, in landscapes, and as bonsai specimens.
During spring, English Hawthorn trees display radiant colors of white, pink, lavender, and red. Clusters of six to twelve bell-shaped flowers with five petals adorn the branches. As these flowers fade, small red or orange fruits develop from summer into winter. These colorful fruits create a striking contrast against the tree’s white appearance during winter.
When planting English Hawthorn, it’s important to choose a location where fallen fruit won’t be an issue. While they grow slowly, these trees can live for up to 150 years.
Common Name: English Hawthorn, Midland Hawthorn, or Woodland Hawthorn
Scientific Name: Craetaegus Laevigata
Growing Zones: 3 – 9
Sun: Full sun
Soil: Moist, well-drained soil
Colors: white, pink, lavender, red
Height: 6 to 30 feet tall
Spread: 6 to 30 feet wide
Plant Type: Perennial, Deciduous tree
19. Daylily
Daylilies are perennial plants from the Asphodelaceae family, cherished by gardeners for their attractive flowers. With around 35,000 cultivars developed to enhance color variations, plant hardiness, disease resistance, and sturdiness, daylilies offer a wide range of options.
Despite their name, daylilies are not true lilies. They grow from fleshy roots instead of onion-like bulbs. The flowers emerge on leafless stems called “scapes,” which can carry as many as 12-15 buds. Each mature daylily plant can produce 4 to 6 scapes, resulting in an abundance of blooms from mid-spring to fall.
Although individual daylily flowers only last a day, new flowers continuously emerge, ensuring a prolonged blooming period. To maintain the vibrant display of these brilliantly-colored flowers, daylilies require at least six hours of sunlight. While they can tolerate drought, regular watering is essential, particularly during the scape and bud formation stages.
Hummingbirds are naturally attracted to daylilies, especially those with bright red and purple hues. Tubular varieties are particularly appealing to hummingbirds due to their nectar-rich flowers.
Common Name: Daylily
Scientific Name: Genus Hemerocallis
Growing Zones: 4 – 9
Sun: Full sun
Soil: Slightly acidic to neutral
Colors: white, yellow, orange, pink, red, purple
Height: 3 to 4 feet tall
Spread: 2 to 4 feet wide
Plant Type: Perennial
20. Bee Balm
Bee Balm, belonging to the Monarda mint family
(Lamiaceae), earned its name from its historical use as an antiseptic salve for treating bee stings. Native Americans brewed its leaves to make “Oswego Tea,” which also contributed to one of its alternative names.
Monarda plants are renowned not only for their minty aromatic leaves but also for their bright, exotic-looking flowers that attract hummingbirds. Among the Monarda varieties, Monarda didyma, with its scarlet-red flowers, is particularly favored by hummingbirds. These tubular, bright red flowers bloom from mid-summer to early fall.
Bee Balm thrives in full sun, although it can tolerate partial shade during hot weather. It prefers rich, moist, well-drained soil, requiring regular watering depending on the climate.
Planting Bee Balm in your backyard provides multiple benefits. You can enjoy fragrant leaves for salads or tea, vibrant, long-lasting flowers that beautify your landscape, and the attraction of hummingbirds and other pollinators. Additionally, the leaves can be used to create essential oils for various medicinal purposes.
Common Name: Bee Balm, bergamot, horsemint, Oswego tea
Scientific Name: Monarda from the mint family (Lamiaceae)
Growing Zones: 4 – 9
Sun: Full sun, partial shade
Soil: Rich, moist, well-draining
Colors: white, pink, red, purple
Height: 2 – 4 feet tall
Spread: 2 – 3 feet wide
Plant Type: Perennial
21. Trumpet Honeysuckle
The Trumpet Honeysuckle (Lonicera sempervirens) is a fast-growing, twining vine from the Caprifoliaceae family, making it an excellent choice for fences, arbors, or trellises. It can also be left to crawl on the ground, making it ideal for various landscaping purposes.
It’s important to note that some honeysuckle varieties, such as Japanese honeysuckle (Lonicera japonica), can be invasive. Therefore, it’s advisable to stick to the Trumpet Honeysuckle (Lonicera sempervirens) and check the suitability for your specific area.
The Trumpet Honeysuckle is a favorite among hummingbirds due to its bright orange-red flowers. When the flowers open, they reveal striking yellow stamens. Growing in clusters of 10-20 flowers, these tubular blossoms grace the vine from spring to fall, creating a stunning visual effect against the vine’s dark green, oblong leaves.
While the Trumpet Honeysuckle can tolerate partial shade, it thrives best in full sunlight, resulting in abundant flowers. Well-draining, organically-rich soil with medium moisture is recommended. The Trumpet Honeysuckle’s vibrant colors and the attraction it generates make it a valuable asset to any garden.
Common Name: Trumpet Honeysuckle
Scientific Name: Lonicera sempervirens
Growing Zones: 4 – 9
Sun: Full sun, partial shade
Soil: Medium moisture, organically-rich, well-drained
Colors: orange-red
Height: 8 – 15 feet
Spread: 3 – 6 feet
Plant Type: Semi-evergreen, deciduous, evergreen vine, perennial
22. Eastern Redbud
The Eastern Redbud (Cercis canadensis) is a large deciduous shrub or small tree native to eastern North America. It is widely cultivated as an ornamental specimen plant due to its unique characteristics, including its twisted trunk, zigzag branches, beautiful flowers, and large, heart-shaped leaves. Its size is particularly suitable for small to medium-sized backyards.
The Eastern Redbud produces an abundance of stunning pink or lavender flowers that emerge directly on the branches and trunk, creating a striking display in early spring before the leaves appear. The flowers are pea-like and grow in clusters along the branches. As the flowering period ends, the tree develops attractive, glossy green leaves that turn yellow or golden in the fall.
Eastern Redbuds thrive in full sun to partial shade and prefer moist, well-drained soil. They are relatively low-maintenance once established and can tolerate drought conditions. However, regular watering during dry spells will help maintain their vitality.
Hummingbirds are attracted to the Eastern Redbud’s nectar-rich flowers, making it a valuable addition to any backyard bird-watching landscape.
Common Name: Eastern Redbud
Scientific Name: Cercis canadensis
Growing Zones: 4 – 9
Sun: Full sun, partial shade
Soil: Moist, well-drained
Colors: pink, lavender
Height: 20 – 30 feet
Spread: 25 – 35 feet
Plant Type: Deciduous tree
23. Hyacinth Bean
The Hyacinth Bean (Lablab purpureus) is a bean vine belonging to the Fabaceae family. It is also known as Indian Bean, Egyptian bean, bataw, and Australian pea. Although native to Africa, it is cultivated and used for both ornamental and culinary purposes in Asia.
In the United States, the Hyacinth Bean is commonly grown as an ornamental plant due to its eye-catching pinkish-lavender blossoms and equally captivating purple seed pods. It even earned the nickname “Jefferson Bean” because Thomas Jefferson’s nurseryman, Bernard McMahon, reportedly sold it to him in 1804.
To cultivate the Hyacinth Bean and enjoy its high-quality flowers, it is best to plant the seeds in your backyard when the climate is warm, typically in spring. This will result in more flowers and vigorous vine growth. When provided with adequate support, Hyacinth Bean vines can reach heights of up to 25 feet.
The flowers of the Hyacinth Bean bloom from summer through fall in vibrant clusters along the stalks. They come in various colors, including white, pink, lavender, and purple. Once the flowers fade, attractive purple seed pods develop, adding visual interest to the plant. However, it’s important to note that the seeds and other parts of the plant are poisonous and should not be ingested.
Hummingbirds are highly attracted to the colorful flowers of the Hyacinth Bean, making it an excellent addition to your garden. It requires full sun exposure, a suitable support structure for climbing, and regular watering, especially during the early stages of growth.
While the Hyacinth Bean can be grown as a perennial in mild climates, it is often treated as an annual in regions with harsh winters. Saving some seeds allows for easy replanting in subsequent seasons.
Common Name: Hyacinth Bean, Indian Bean, Egyptian bean, bataw, Australian pea
Scientific Name: Lablab purpureus
Growing Zones: 4 – 9
Sun: Full sun (no partial shade)
Soil: Well-drained soil
Colors: white, pink, lavender, purple
Height: 10 – 25 feet
Spread: 3 – 6 feet
Plant Type: Annual
24. Trumpet Vine
Trumpet vine, scientifically known as Campsis radicans, belongs to the Bignoniaceae family. This fast-growing and spreading vine species is native to the eastern United States. While it displays captivating orange, red, and yellow flowers, it can become invasive in western states if not carefully controlled through aggressive pruning. In such areas, it is advisable to opt for hybrid varieties that are less invasive.
The Trumpet Vine is also commonly referred to as hummingbird vine due to its ability to attract hummingbirds with its vibrant flowers. It is important to note that some caution is required when growing this vine, as it has the potential to damage foundations, fences, and trees with its strong woody stems.
The Trumpet Vine thrives in full sun but can tolerate partial shade. It prefers average moisture levels in organically-rich, well-drained soil. The trumpet-shaped flowers are its main attraction, displaying shades of orange, red, and yellow. They bloom throughout the summer season and serve as a reliable food source for hummingbirds.
Regular pruning is necessary to control the growth of the Trumpet Vine and prevent it from spreading excessively. Late fall is the ideal time for pruning, as cutting it back nearly to ground level allows for vigorous regrowth in the following season, especially when provided with ample sunlight.
Common Name: Trumpet Vine, Trumpet Creeper, Cow Itch
Scientific Name: Campsis radicans
Growing Zones: 4 – 9
Sun: Full sun, partial shade
Soil: Average, moist but well-drained
Colors: orange, red, and yellow
Height: 25 – 40 feet
Spread: 5 – 10 feet wide
Plant Type: Perennial, deciduous woody vine
25. Clematis
Clematis is a diverse genus of flowering vines within the buttercup family, Ranunculaceae. With over 300 species, clematis offers a wide range of options for gardeners, boasting an array of colors and variations in flower forms. These qualities, combined with their ability to attract hummingbirds and other pollinators, make them a popular choice for ornamental gardens.
Clematis vines are often used to cover trellises, arbors, and fences, adding vertical interest and bursts of color to any landscape. Their flowers come in various shapes, including star-shaped, bell-shaped, and open flat blooms. The large flowers can measure 6 to 10 inches in diameter, displaying colors such as pink, purple, blue, white, and yellow. Some clematis varieties even feature bicolored blooms.
While clematis is commonly mistaken for being a high-maintenance plant, it is relatively easy to grow and care for. They require at least six hours of full sunlight daily to thrive. However, in hotter regions, some varieties can benefit from partial shade to protect them from intense heat.
Well-drained soil is essential for clematis, as they don’t tolerate waterlogged conditions. Regular watering, especially during dry periods, will help keep the plant healthy and promote robust flowering. Pruning requirements vary depending on the clematis variety, but generally, it’s recommended to prune them in late winter or early spring to encourage new growth.
Hummingbirds are naturally drawn to clematis due to the abundance of nectar-rich flowers. The mid-spring to fall blooming period provides a long-lasting food source for these delightful birds.
Common Name: Clematis, Woodbine, Old Man’s Beard
Scientific Name: Clematis
Growing Zones: 4 – 11
Sun: Full sun
Soil: Well-drained, moist soil
Colors: Pink, purple, red, blue, white, yellow
Height: 2 – 5 feet, 8 – 12 feet, 20 – 30 feet
Spread: 2 – 6 feet wide
Plant Type: Perennial, woody deciduous, herbaceous, and evergreen vines
26. Trumpet Honeysuckle
Trumpet Honeysuckle, scientifically known as Lonicera sempervirens, is a vigorous and attractive vine native to the eastern and central parts of the United States. This vine is treasured for its showy, trumpet-shaped flowers and its ability to attract hummingbirds and butterflies.
The Trumpet Honeysuckle is a twining vine that can reach heights of up to 20 feet. It features clusters of tubular flowers that come in shades of red, orange, or yellow. These vibrant flowers bloom from late spring to early summer and emit a sweet fragrance that attracts not only hummingbirds but also other pollinators.
This vine is relatively low maintenance and adapts well to various soil types. It prefers well-draining soil and thrives in full sun to partial shade conditions. Regular watering is required, especially during dry periods, to keep the plant healthy and promote flowering.
When planting Trumpet Honeysuckle, providing support such as a trellis or arbor is necessary to guide its climbing habit. It can be trained to cover fences, walls, or pergolas, creating a beautiful vertical display in the garden.
Aside from its ornamental value and ability to attract hummingbirds, Trumpet Honeysuckle also provides nesting sites and shelter for birds. The bright red berries it produces in the fall can attract songbirds, adding further interest to the vine.
Common Name: Trumpet Honeysuckle, Coral Honeysuckle
Scientific Name: Lonicera sempervirens
Growing Zones: 4 – 9
Sun: Full sun to partial shade
Soil: Well-drained soil
Colors: Red, orange, yellow
Height: Up to 20 feet
Spread: 3 – 6 feet wide
Plant Type: Perennial, evergreen or semi-evergreen vine
27. Scarlet Runner Bean
The Scarlet Runner Bean (Phaseolus coccineus) is a fast-growing vine that belongs to the legume family, Fabaceae. Native to the mountains of Central America, it is cultivated for both its attractive flowers and edible beans.
The Scarlet Runner Bean is known for its vibrant red flowers, which are arranged in clusters along the vine. These showy blooms, resembling small orchids, are not only visually appealing but also attract hummingbirds with their nectar. The flowers give way to edible pods that contain the bean seeds, which can be harvested and consumed when young.
This vigorous vine can grow up to 10 to 20 feet in height and requires sturdy support, such as a trellis or fence, to climb. It prefers full sun but can tolerate some partial shade. The Scarlet Runner Bean thrives in well-drained soil with regular watering. Adequate moisture is essential for the plant’s growth and bean production.
In addition to its ornamental and culinary uses, the Scarlet Runner Bean is often cultivated for its nitrogen-fixing properties. Like other legumes, it forms a symbiotic relationship with nitrogen-fixing bacteria in its root nodules, helping to enrich the soil with nitrogen, a vital nutrient for plant growth.
When planting Scarlet Runner Beans, it is recommended to sow the seeds directly in the ground after the last frost. The vines will begin to flower in mid-summer, and with proper care, they can continue to produce flowers and beans until the first frost.
Common Name: Scarlet Runner Bean
Scientific Name: Phaseolus coccineus
Growing Zones: 3 – 9
Sun: Full sun, partial shade
Soil: Well-drained soil
Colors: Red
Height: 10 – 20 feet
Spread: 3 – 6 feet
Plant Type: Annual vine
These are just a few examples of vines that attract hummingbirds. Depending on your location and preferences, there are many other options available. Incorporating these beautiful vines into your garden will not only provide a food source and habitat for hummingbirds but also add visual interest and beauty to your outdoor space.