In the land of Minnesota, when spring and summer awaken, the arrival of warblers and orioles brings forth a vibrant display of yellow birds. These fluttering creatures, adorned in sunny hues, grace the skies with their presence. However, as winter casts its icy spell, only one yellow bird, the American Goldfinch, remains a commonly sighted species in these parts.
Fear not, for this comprehensive guide is here to aid you in the identification of these yellow avian wonders in Minnesota. It offers an assortment of invaluable resources, including pictures, identification details, melodious recordings of their songs, and insights into their migration patterns.
The yellow birds that grace the Minnesota landscape are predominantly warblers and orioles. It is worth noting that some female birds bear striking differences in appearance when compared to their male counterparts, further adding to the intrigue of these feathered beings.
To make your quest of identifying yellow birds a breeze, this guide presents a curated list arranged in order of their common occurrence, as determined by ebird checklists submitted during the splendid months of May and June, when spring and summer paint the world in vibrant hues.
Let us embark on this delightful journey of discovery and unravel the mysteries of the yellow birds that have caught your attention. Behold, a collection of 29 yellow birds that grace the skies of Minnesota:
1. American Goldfinch
The American Goldfinch, renowned for its resplendent plumage, is a sight to behold. During the breeding season, these magnificent birds make their home in the northwestern regions of Minnesota before embarking on a southerly migration. However, some individuals choose to stay in the state throughout the year. The male American Goldfinch dons a striking black and yellow attire during spring, captivating onlookers. In contrast, the females and males in winter exhibit a more subdued brownish hue.
Species Name: Spinus tristis
Length: 4.3-5.1 inches (11-13 cm)
Weight: 0.4-0.7 ounces (11-20 g)
Wingspan: 7.5-8.7 inches (19-22 cm)
American Goldfinches are found across most of North America, often choosing to remain in their chosen habitats year-round. However, those that breed in Canada and the Midwest embark on a seasonal journey to the warmer southern states of the US for winter.
These delightful creatures can be observed in weedy fields and overgrown areas, foraging for sustenance from sunflower, thistle, and aster plants. They are equally at home in suburban areas, parks, and even your own backyard.
Listen to the enchanting melody of the American Goldfinch’s song as it graces the airwaves, leaving a harmonious trail in its wake.
The nests of American Goldfinches can be found nestled amidst shrubs. Constructed from intricately woven rootlets and plant material, these abodes are secured to branches using the delicate threads of spiders’ webs. Within their cozy dwellings, they lay up to seven eggs, which take around two weeks to hatch. The young remain under their parents’ watchful care for approximately two to two and a half weeks before taking flight.
To attract the presence of American Goldfinches in your own backyard, consider planting thistles and milkweed. These splendid creatures will readily visit bird feeders, exhibiting a fondness for sunflower and nyjer seeds.
Did you know? Cowbirds, in their quest to find surrogate parents for their young, have an unfortunate lack of success with the American Goldfinch. The vegetarian diet of these vibrant birds fails to meet the nutritional requirements of cowbird chicks, leading to their untimely demise mere days after hatching.
2. Common Yellowthroat
The Common Yellowthroat, a frequent visitor during the breeding season, adds a touch of charm to Minnesota’s landscapes. From May to October, these small songbirds grace the region, making an appearance in approximately 27% of summer checklists.
These delightful creatures possess brownish plumage on their backs, with vibrant yellow adorning their underbellies. The males sport distinctive black masks across their faces, serving as a visual marker of their masculinity. It is worth noting that the intensity of the yellow hue can vary geographically, with some individuals displaying a more olive-toned underside.
Species Name: Geothlypis trichas
Length: 4.3-5.1 inches (11-13 cm)
Weight: 0.3-0.3 ounces (9-10 g)
Wingspan: 5.9-7.5 inches (15-19 cm)
Common Yellowthroats spend their summers breeding across a vast expanse of North America, excluding Alaska and northern Canada. While some individuals choose to remain in their habitats throughout the year, others embark on a migratory journey, seeking refuge along the Gulf Coast and Pacific Southwest.
These charming birds favor marshy areas, wetlands, and brushy fields as their preferred dwelling places. It is in these idyllic settings that they find solace amidst the tangled vegetation.
The melodious songs of the Common Yellowthroat resonate through the air, adding a touch of musicality to their natural habitat.
The nests of these avian wonders are skillfully crafted by the females, positioned near the ground in marshy areas and supported by reeds. Bark, grass, and sedges form the foundation of these delicate structures, which are then adorned with a layer of leaves and grass. Within the cozy confines of their nests, Common Yellowthroats lay up to six eggs, patiently awaiting the arrival of their hatchlings. The incubation period lasts approximately twelve days, with an additional period of two weeks or so before the fledglings leave the nest.
To attract the presence of Common Yellowthroats to your backyard, provide a habitat consisting of dense vegetation and native plants, creating an inviting environment teeming with insects.
Fun Fact: The black mask adorning the faces of male Common Yellowthroats serves as a signal to courting males, indicating their gender. When presented with decoys lacking this distinctive feature, male Common Yellowthroats are uninterested in engaging in confrontations.
3. Yellow-rumped Warbler
Yellow-rumped Warblers, heralds of the breeding season, grace the northern reaches of Minnesota. Their presence is most pronounced during the migratory periods of April to May and September to October. While accounting for 14% of summer checklists, their numbers soar to 43% during migration.
These warblers exhibit a gray plumage with delightful flashes of yellow on their faces, sides, and rump, complemented by white accents on their wings. Females may display a tinge of brown, while winter birds boast paler brown tones, accented by bright yellow rumps and sides, returning to a striking combination of yellow and gray in the spring.
Species Name: Setophaga coronata
Length: 4.7-5.5 inches (12-14 cm)
Weight: 0.4-0.5 ounces (12-13 g)
Wingspan: 7.5-9.1 inches (19-23 cm)
Yellow-rumped Warblers predominantly breed in Canada, with select populations in the Rockies and the Appalachian mountains. As migration beckons, they grace the Midwest with their presence before seeking respite in the southern and southwestern states of the US, the Pacific Coast, Mexico, and Central America.
These enchanting warblers can be found amid conifer
ous forests, particularly during the breeding season. During winter, they favor open areas adorned with fruiting shrubs. In summer, their diet primarily consists of insects, while the migration and winter months shift their focus to fruit, including bayberry and wax myrtle.
The cheerful melodies of Yellow-rumped Warblers fill the air, offering a melodious soundtrack to their surroundings.
Nestled amidst the branches of conifer trees, the nests of Yellow-rumped Warblers come to life. Constructed from twigs, pine needles, and grass, these homes are lined with soft grass, moss, and a touch of animal hair. Within their cozy abodes, the warblers lay up to six eggs, embarking on a two-week incubation period before the young venture into the world after an additional two weeks.
To invite the presence of Yellow-rumped Warblers to your backyard, entice them with sunflower seeds, suet, raisins, and peanut butter, ensuring a delightful feast awaits their arrival.
Fun Fact: During winter, Yellow-rumped Warblers form massive flocks, often numbering in the thousands. They exhibit a touch of aggressiveness when other species venture too close to their domain.
4. Cedar Waxwing
Minnesota’s summer months, spanning from June to October, offer an opportunity to behold the beauty of Cedar Waxwings. While accounting for 12% of checklists during this period, some individuals choose to remain in the southern regions of the state throughout the year.
Cedar Waxwings, with their elegant demeanor, adorn themselves in a palette of pale brown on the head, chest, and crest, transitioning to a graceful gray on their back, wings, and tail. Their bellies bear a pale yellow hue, and a vibrant yellow tip adds a touch of brilliance to their plumage. A narrow black mask accentuates their eyes, while the wingtips are resplendent in shades of bright red.
Species Name: Bombycilla cedrorum
Length: 5.5-6.7 inches (14-17 cm)
Weight: 1.1 ounces (32 g)
Wingspan: 8.7-11.8 inches (22-30 cm)
Cedar Waxwings commence their breeding journey in Canada before embarking on a southern sojourn to the US, Mexico, and Central America for winter. In the northern regions of the United States, including Minnesota, they choose to remain year-round.
These delightful birds find solace in berry bushes, woodlands, grasslands, urban parks, and along streams. While their diet predominantly consists of fruit, they also indulge in insects during the summer months.
Delight in the symphony of calls emitted by Cedar Waxwings, as their voices intertwine, creating a harmonious chorus that captivates the listener.
Crafted from twigs, grass, hair, and plant material, the nests of Cedar Waxwings grace the trees, nestled securely in their branches. Pine needles and soft grass line these cozy homes, providing comfort to the inhabitants. Within the nest, up to six eggs are lovingly incubated for approximately twelve days before the young set forth into the world, their departure marked by a journey lasting sixteen days or so.
To beckon the presence of Cedar Waxwings to your backyard, consider planting native trees and shrubs that bear small fruit, such as serviceberry, dogwood, juniper, winterberry, and hawthorn. Additionally, platform feeders adorned with delectable fruits may entice these splendid creatures to partake in your offerings.
Fun Fact: Cedar Waxwings engage in a delightful practice of exchanging gifts during courtship, passing small tokens of affection between potential mates.
5. Yellow Warbler
As the seasons unfold in Minnesota, the arrival of late April heralds the presence of Yellow Warblers, continuing until October. These enchanting creatures grace approximately 24% of summer checklists.
Yellow Warblers, small in size but mighty in beauty, display a resplendent yellow plumage with a tinge of green on their backs. Males bear chestnut streaks across their breasts, adding an additional touch of charm. Females and juveniles possess a more muted appearance, their brilliance softened to a gentle glow.
Species Name: Setophaga petechia
Length: 4.7-5.1 inches (12-13 cm)
Weight: 0.3-0.4 ounces (9-11 g)
Wingspan: 6.3-7.9 inches (16-20 cm)
These captivating birds undertake a lengthy migration, traveling great distances to breed in Canada and the United States, excluding southeastern states. As winter beckons, they embark on a southerly journey, seeking refuge in Central and South America. However, during migration, sightings of Yellow Warblers in southeastern US states are not uncommon.
Thriving along streams, wetlands, and the edges of fields, Yellow Warblers navigate their habitat with grace, foraging for insects that include caterpillars, midges, beetles, bugs, and wasps.
Immerse yourself in the melodious song of the Yellow Warbler as its vibrant voice resounds through the air, adding a touch of magic to the surroundings.
The nests of Yellow Warblers find their homes nestled in small trees and shrubs, intricately woven from bark, grass, and plant material. Spider webs lend their strength to secure these structures, ensuring stability. The female Yellow Warbler lays up to seven eggs within the cozy cup-shaped nest, patiently awaiting the arrival of her hatchlings. Incubation spans approximately twelve days, followed by a further ten days before the young take their first flights.
To entice Yellow Warblers to visit your backyard, provide a welcoming environment with offerings such as suet, oranges, peanut butter, and plants bearing berries. Native plants that attract insects, free from pesticides and the constraints of meticulous tidiness, further enhance the allure. Consider incorporating birdbaths with fountains amidst secluded plantings to provide protection and refreshment.
Fun Fact: When faced with the intrusion of cowbird eggs into their nests, Yellow Warblers respond with resilience, constructing a new nest on top of the old one, repeating this process up to six times to safeguard the well-being of their own young.
6. American Redstart Female
Within the realm of Minnesota, American Redstarts grace the breeding season, captivating observers from May to October. These splendid birds make appearances in approximately 19% of summer checklists.
Male American Redstarts present themselves as a vision of black, embellished with vibrant orange patches and a contrasting white belly. In contrast, the females adorn themselves in olive-gray hues, with ample dashes of yellow interspersed throughout.
Species Name: Setophaga ruticilla
Length: 4.3-5.1 inches (11-13 cm)
Weight: 0.2-0.3 ounces (6-9 g)
Wingspan: 6.3-7.5 inches (16-19 cm)
Eastern US states and Canada serve as the breeding grounds for American Redstarts, with a population present in northwestern US states as well. Migration opens doors to sightings in central and western US states.
Deciduous woodlands, backyards, and thickets serve as prime habitats for American Redstarts as they flit about, feasting on berries such as serviceberry and magnolia.
Immerse yourself in the melodious symphony of the American Redstart’s song, characterized by a distinct drop in pitch at its culmination.
Nests of American Redstarts find solace close to the trunk of trees or within large shrubs. These architectural marvels arise from the intricate weaving of bark, grass, and various plant materials. Incubation of up to five eggs occurs within these cozy structures, with a duration of nearly two weeks. Another week or two passes before the young take flight from their nest.
To entice American Redstarts to visit your backyard, tantalize their senses with the offerings of berry plants such as magnolia and serviceberry.
Fun Fact: When it comes to feeding their offspring, American Redstart parents selectively distribute food, ensuring that each chick receives the nourishment it requires.
7. Baltimore Oriole Female
As the Minnesota breeding season unfolds, Baltimore Orioles make their presence known, captivating observers from May to mid-September, with some lingering until December. They grace approximately 23% of summer checklists.
Baltimore Orioles are a vibrant symbol of spring in eastern North America. Adult males flaunt a striking combination of bright orange and black, with white wing bars accentuating their ebony wings. Females, on the other hand, boast yellowish underparts and heads, accompanied by grayish-brown wings and brownish-yellow backs. These slender birds, roughly the size of a Robin, belong to the blackbird family.
Species Name: Icterus galbula
Length: 6.7-7.5 inches (17-19 cm)
Weight: 1.1-1.4 ounces (30-40 g)
Wingspan: 9.1-11.8 inches (23-30 cm)
Baltimore Orioles breed in the eastern and central regions of the United States, spanning central-southern Canadian provinces and the southern border with the US. As winter approaches, they embark on a journey to Florida, Central America, and the Caribbean, commencing their departure as early as July.
High up in open woodlands, along riverbanks, and at forest edges, Baltimore Orioles gracefully forage for insects and indulge in the sweet nectar of flowers. They frequently pay visits to parks and backyards, adding a splash of color to human settlements.
Be serenaded by the flutelike melodies that emanate from Baltimore Orioles during their springtime performances. These feathered artists also emit chattering calls and sharp alarm sounds.
Nests of Baltimore Orioles dangle like delicate bags, expertly woven from fibers, adorning the branches of trees. Constructed from twigs, grass, and various plant materials, these nests are lined with pine needles and soft grass. Within this cozy haven, Baltimore Orioles lay their eggs—up to six at a time—awaiting the transformative process of hatching, which takes around twelve days. Subsequently, it takes another sixteen days or so before the young fledge the nest.
To attract Baltimore Orioles to your backyard, entice them with halves of oranges placed on platform feeders or hung from trees. Oriole feeders filled with sugar water serve as an additional delight. Planting fruiting plants and nectar-rich flowers such as raspberries, crab apples, and trumpet vines will further increase their presence.
Fun Fact: Baltimore Orioles possess exceptional nest-building skills, crafting intricate bag-like nests interwoven with fibers.
8. Nashville Warbler
During summer, Minnesota welcomes the arrival of Nashville Warblers, spanning from late April to November. However, their presence is most prominent during the fall migration, accounting for 18% of checklists.
Nashville Warblers exhibit a predominantly yellow underbelly, with white lower bellies providing a stunning contrast. Their backs showcase a greenish-yellow hue, and their heads bear a gray tone, accentuated by a white eyering. Females and juveniles sport a more subdued appearance compared to their male counterparts.
Species Name: Leiothlypis ruficapilla
Length: 4.3-5.1 inches (11-13 cm)
Weight: 0.2-0.5 ounces (6.7-13.9 g)
Wingspan: 6.7-7.9 inches (17-20 cm)
Nashville Warblers breed in northeastern US states and Canada, with a smaller population inhabiting northwestern US states and extending into British Columbia. They make appearances during migration across most US states, seeking refuge in Mexico during the winter months.
Scrubby habitats and low deciduous forests serve as ideal grounds for Nashville Warblers, as they diligently hunt for insects.
Indulge in the melodious tunes of the Nashville Warbler as they resonate through the air, adding a touch of enchantment to their surroundings.
Nests of Nashville Warblers remain concealed amidst shrubs, nestled close to the ground. These architectural marvels are crafted from bark, grass, and moss, intricately woven into a cup shape and lined with soft grass, feathers, and animal hair. Within this cozy sanctuary, Nashville Warblers lay around four eggs, embarking on a two-week incubation period before the young take flight after approximately ten days.
To allure Nashville Warblers to your backyard during their winter visits to southern US states, tantalize their senses with suet offerings.
Fun Fact: In their first year, Nashville Warblers migrate along the Atlantic Coast but venture inland for subsequent migrations.
9. Palm Warbler
During the migratory seasons in Minnesota, Palm Warblers grace the region, with sightings predominantly occurring from April to June and August to October. Notably, their presence is most prominent during the spring migration in May, accounting for 24% of checklists.
Sporting a rusty red patch atop their heads, Palm Warblers don a predominantly browny-olive color across their bodies. While they breed in Canada, these vibrant travelers can be spotted in eastern US states during migration. Moreover, a subset of the population dwells year-round along the southern coast and in Florida.
Species Name: Setophaga palmarum
Length: 4.7-5.5 inches (12-14 cm)
Weight: 0.3-0.5 ounces (7-13 g)
Wingspan: 7.9-8.3 inches (20-21 cm)
Palm Warblers delight observers as they traverse weedy fields, forest edges, and scrubby areas during the spring and fall migration. Often mingling with other avian companions such as Sparrows, Juncos, and Yellow-rumped Warblers, they forage along the ground, feasting on insects.
Immerse yourself in the pleasing melodies emitted by Palm Warblers, adding a melodic touch to their surroundings.
Nests of Palm Warblers find their home in bogs and boreal forests, nestled upon the ground. These meticulously constructed nests are composed of grass, sedge, and ferns woven into a cup shape, lined with soft grass, feathers, and animal hair. Palm Warblers lay around five eggs within these natural cradles.
To attract Palm Warblers to your backyard, consider planting native flora that entices insects and incorporate bayberry or hawthorn trees, bearing their tempting berries.
Fun Fact: Unlike many other warbler species, Palm Warblers often traverse the ground with a distinctive tail-bobbing motion as they search for insects.
10. Yellow-throated Vireo
Minnesota’s breeding season showcases the presence of Yellow-throated Vireos, captivating observers from May to October. These delightful birds grace approximately 6% of summer checklists.
Yellow-throated Vireos exhibit a charming combination of bright yellow and gray plumage. Olive-colored heads blend seamlessly into their bright yellow throats and chests, juxtaposed against white bellies. Their grayish-brown backs bear white streaks, adding an additional touch of elegance.
Species Name: Vireo flavifrons
Length: 5.1-5.9 inches (13-15 cm)
Weight: 0.5-0.7 ounces (15-21 g)
Wingspan: 9.1 inches (23 cm)
Yellow-throated Vireos breed in the eastern United States, gracing the region with their melodic presence. During winter, they embark on a journey to Central and South America, as well as the Caribbean.
These delightful songbirds can be spotted in mixed woodlands, expertly hunting for insects and occasionally indulging in delectable berries.
Revel in the harmonious melodies of the Yellow-throated Vireo, as their vibrant songs fill the air.
Nests of Yellow-throated Vireos gracefully hang from high branches of trees, swaying amidst the foliage. Constructed from bark, grass, pine needles, and other plant materials, these nests are secured together with spider webs and insect silk.
Within the cozy confines of these nests, Yellow-throated Vireos lay their eggs, typically numbering around four. A span of approximately two weeks is dedicated to incubation, followed by an additional two weeks before the young venture forth from their sanctuary.
Fun Fact: Male Yellow-throated Vireos meticulously create little piles of twigs in various locations. Upon the arrival of females, they feign nest-building activities in an attempt to woo their prospective mates.
11. Yellow-headed Blackbird
Yellow-headed Blackbirds make their presence known during the summer season in Minnesota, gracing the region from May to September. These striking birds can be spotted in approximately 11% of summer checklists.
Sporting a vibrant yellow head, contrasting with their black bodies, Yellow-headed Blackbirds create a captivating sight. Males exhibit a bolder appearance, with their distinctive yellow heads and black bodies, while females display more muted tones, featuring streaks of yellowish-brown.
Species Name: Xanthocephalus xanthocephalus
Length: 9.8-11.8 inches (25-30 cm)
Weight: 2.3-3.9 ounces (65-110 g)
Wingspan: 14.2-17.7 inches (36-45 cm)
Yellow-headed Blackbirds primarily breed in western North America, including parts of Canada, and migrate to the southern United States during winter. They often inhabit marshes, wetlands, and open grassy areas.
The melodious calls of Yellow-headed Blackbirds fill the air, a symphony that adds a delightful ambiance to their surroundings.
Nests of Yellow-headed Blackbirds are intricately woven structures, securely placed within cattails or bulrushes in marshy habitats. These nests are composed of grasses, sedges, and other plant materials, providing a safe haven for their young. A clutch typically consists of four to six eggs, and the incubation period lasts for approximately two weeks, followed by the fledglings leaving the nest after around two to three weeks.
To attract Yellow-headed Blackbirds to your backyard, create a welcoming environment with marshy areas or water features, coupled with native grasses and suitable nesting sites.
Fun Fact: Male Yellow-headed Blackbirds engage in a display known as “song flight,” where they sing while flying high above their territories, showcasing their vibrant plumage.
12. Eastern Meadowlark
During the breeding season in Minnesota, Eastern Meadowlarks bring their melodious presence from April to September. These charming birds can be observed in approximately 18% of summer checklists.
Eastern Meadowlarks exhibit a striking appearance, featuring a yellow breast adorned with a distinctive black “V” pattern. Their backs boast a mix of brown, black, and white plumage, complemented by a touch of yellow on their face and throat.
Species Name: Sturnella magna
Length: 7.9-10.6 inches (20-27 cm)
Weight: 4.9-6.3 ounces (140-180 g)
Wingspan: 14.2-15.7 inches (36-40 cm)
Eastern Meadowlarks breed across a vast range, covering eastern and central North America. They favor grasslands, open fields, and meadows as their habitats.
Rejoice in the melodious songs of Eastern Meadowlarks as they serenade their surroundings, their rich and flute-like melodies a true delight to the ears.
Nests of Eastern Meadowlarks are intricately woven structures placed on the ground, often hidden within dense vegetation. Constructed from grasses, leaves, and other plant materials, these nests provide a secure environment for their eggs. A typical clutch contains three to six eggs, and incubation lasts for approximately two weeks. The young ones fledge after another two weeks or so.
To attract Eastern Meadowlarks to your backyard, create open grassy areas, refrain from using pesticides that harm their food sources, and provide suitable ground-level nesting spots.
Fun Fact: Eastern Meadowlarks have distinct flight patterns, characterized by a series of rapid wingbeats followed by short glides.
13. Scarlet Tanager
Minnesota’s breeding season becomes even more vibrant with the arrival of Scarlet
Tanagers, gracing the region from May to September. These stunning birds can be observed in approximately 12% of summer checklists.
Scarlet Tanagers exhibit a truly eye-catching appearance. Males don striking scarlet plumage, while females boast a more subdued yellowish-green hue, with olive-colored wings.
Species Name: Piranga olivacea
Length: 6.3-7.1 inches (16-18 cm)
Weight: 0.8-1.1 ounces (23-31 g)
Wingspan: 9.8-11.4 inches (25-29 cm)
Scarlet Tanagers breed across eastern North America, venturing as far as the Great Lakes region of the United States and parts of Canada. They favor deciduous forests as their preferred habitats.
Indulge in the melodious songs of Scarlet Tanagers, as their melodic voices fill the forest canopy, a testament to their enchanting presence.
Nests of Scarlet Tanagers are skillfully constructed on horizontal branches of trees, often hidden amidst dense foliage. Composed of twigs, leaves, and grasses, these nests provide a cozy space for their eggs. Clutches usually consist of three to five eggs, with an incubation period of approximately two weeks. The young ones take flight after another two weeks or so.
To attract Scarlet Tanagers to your backyard, incorporate trees and shrubs that provide suitable nesting sites and offer a variety of insects, fruits, and berries as food sources.
Fun Fact: Scarlet Tanagers undergo a striking transformation during their migration, transitioning from their vibrant scarlet plumage to a more subdued yellow-green appearance.
14. Black-throated Green Warbler
Minnesota becomes a haven for birdwatchers during the breeding season, as Black-throated Green Warblers make their appearance from May to September. These charming birds can be spotted in approximately 10% of summer checklists.
Black-throated Green Warblers showcase a delightful combination of colors. Males display a vivid yellow-green back, contrasting with their black throat and upper breast. Females exhibit a more muted appearance, featuring olive-green plumage.
Species Name: Setophaga virens
Length: 4.3-5.1 inches (11-13 cm)
Weight: 0.3-0.4 ounces (8-11 g)
Wingspan: 7.5-8.7 inches (19-22 cm)
Black-throated Green Warblers primarily breed in the northeastern United States and parts of Canada, favoring coniferous and mixed forests as their preferred habitats.
Immerse yourself in the melodious songs of Black-throated Green Warblers, as they fill the air with their rich and vibrant tunes.
Nests of Black-throated Green Warblers are delicately woven structures, expertly hidden amidst dense foliage in trees. Constructed from twigs, grasses, moss, and other plant materials, these nests provide a secure space for their eggs. Clutches usually contain three to five eggs, with an incubation period of approximately two weeks. The young ones fledge the nest after another two weeks or so.
To attract Black-throated Green Warblers to your backyard, create a habitat with suitable trees and shrubs, ensuring the presence of insects and spiders, which serve as their primary food sources.
Fun Fact: Black-throated Green Warblers are known for their unique foraging technique called “hover-gleaning,” where they hover in mid-air to pluck insects from leaves and branches.
15. Western Meadowlark
Western Meadowlarks grace the meadows and grasslands of Minnesota during the breeding season, from April to September. These charismatic birds can be observed in approximately 9% of summer checklists.
Western Meadowlarks display a striking appearance, characterized by a bright yellow breast adorned with a distinctive black “V” pattern. Their backs feature a mix of brown, black, and white plumage, adding to their charm.
Species Name: Sturnella neglecta
Length: 7.1-10.2 inches (18-26 cm)
Weight: 4.1-6.0 ounces (116-170 g)
Wingspan: 14.2-16.9 inches (36-43 cm)
Western Meadowlarks primarily breed in western North America, including parts of Canada and the western United States. They favor grasslands, open fields, and meadows as their habitats.
Delight in the melodious songs of Western Meadowlarks, as they fill their surroundings with a symphony of sweet, flute-like tunes.
Nests of Western Meadowlarks are skillfully crafted on the ground, often hidden amidst vegetation or tucked away in depressions. These nests are composed of grasses, leaves, and stems, intricately woven together to provide a cozy space for their eggs. Clutches typically contain three to six eggs, with an incubation period of approximately two weeks. The young ones leave the nest after another two weeks or so.
To attract Western Meadowlarks to your backyard, create open grassy areas, refrain from using pesticides that harm their food sources, and provide suitable ground-level nesting spots.
Fun Fact: Western Meadowlarks have an extensive repertoire of songs, with each male often having over 100 unique songs in their repertoire.
16. Dickcissel
Minnesota’s meadows come alive with the enchanting presence of Dickcissels during the summer season, from May to September. These captivating birds can be spotted in approximately 8% of summer checklists.
Dickcissels exhibit a distinct appearance, featuring a bright yellow breast with a prominent black bib and a streaked back. Males display more vibrant colors, while females exhibit more subdued tones.
Species Name: Spiza americana
Length: 5.5-6.3 inches (14-16 cm)
Weight: 1.1-1.3 ounces (30-38 g)
Wingspan: 9.8-11.0 inches (25-28 cm)
Dickcissels breed across a vast range, covering the central and eastern regions of North America. They favor grasslands, meadows, and agricultural fields as their preferred habitats.
Immerse yourself in the melodious songs of Dickcissels, as they fill the air with their distinctive buzzing sounds, resembling the phrase “dick-dick-ciss-ciss.”
Nests of Dickcissels are intricately woven structures, expertly hidden within tall grasses or shrubs. Composed of grasses, leaves, and stems, these nests provide a secure space for their eggs. Clutches typically contain three to four eggs, with an incubation period of approximately two weeks. The young ones fledge the nest after another two weeks or so.
To attract Dickcissels to your backyard, create open grassy areas and provide perches or fence lines for them to sing and establish territories.
Fun Fact: The unique song of the Dickcissel is known as one of the quintessential sounds of the North American grasslands.
17. Orchard Oriole
Minnesota becomes a haven for bird enthusiasts during the breeding season, as Orchard Orioles make their appearance from May to September. These vibrant birds can be observed in approximately 8% of summer checklists.
Orchard Orioles showcase a delightful combination of colors. Males display a stunning mix of black and chestnut plumage, while females exhibit a more muted olive-brown hue.
Species Name: Icterus spurius
Length: 6.3-7.1 inches (16-18 cm)
Weight: 0.5-0.8 ounces (14-23 g)
Wingspan: 9.1-9.8 inches (23-25 cm)
Orchard Orioles primarily breed across eastern and central North America, venturing as far as parts of Canada and the Gulf Coast. They favor open woodlands, orchards, and forest edges as their preferred habitats.
Indulge in the melodious songs of Orchard Orioles, as their rich and flute-like melodies resonate through their surroundings.
Nests of Orchard Orioles are skillfully woven structures, suspended from the tips of branches in trees. Constructed from grasses, plant fibers, and other materials, these nests provide a secure space for their eggs. Clutches usually contain three to five eggs, with an incubation period of approximately two weeks. The young ones fledge the nest after another two weeks or so.
To attract Orchard Orioles to your backyard, provide suitable trees and shrubs for nesting and offer a variety of insects, fruits, and nectar-rich flowers as food sources.
Fun Fact: Orchard Orioles are known to have a preference for fruit, particularly ripe mulberries, often consuming them in large quantities.
18. Blue-winged Warbler
Minnesota’s woodlands come alive with the vibrant presence of Blue-winged Warblers during the breeding season, from May to September. These charming birds can be spotted in approximately 7% of summer checklists.
Blue-winged Warblers exhibit a delightful combination of colors. Males showcase a bright yellow body with a contrasting blue-gray head and wings. Females exhibit more subdued tones, featuring a yellowish-olive hue.
Species Name: Vermivora cyanoptera
Length: 4.3-5.1 inches (11-13 cm)
Weight: 0.3-0.4 ounces (8-11 g)
Wingspan: 7.5-8.7 inches (19-22 cm)
Blue-winged Warblers primarily breed across eastern and central North America, favoring shrubby habitats, open woodlands, and young forests as their preferred nesting grounds.
Delight in the melodious songs of Blue-winged Warblers, as their vibrant and buzzy tunes fill the forest canopy.
Nests of Blue-winged Warblers are skillfully crafted low in shrubs or small trees, expertly hidden amidst dense foliage. Constructed from twigs, grasses, and plant fibers, these nests provide a secure space for their eggs. Clutches usually contain three to six eggs, with an incubation period of approximately two weeks. The young ones fledge the nest after another two weeks or so.
To attract Blue-winged Warblers to your backyard, create a habitat with suitable shrubby vegetation, refrain from using pesticides that harm their food sources, and provide a water source.
Fun Fact: Blue-winged Warblers often hybridize with Golden-winged Warblers, resulting in unique hybrid offspring known as “Brewster’s” and “Lawrence’s” Warblers.
19. Pine Warbler
Minnesota’s woodlands become a paradise for birdwatchers during the breeding season, as Pine Warblers make their appearance from April to September. These delightful birds can be observed in approximately 7% of summer checklists.
Pine Warblers boast a charming appearance, featuring a yellowish-green body with subtle streaks on their backs. Their plumage allows them to blend seamlessly with the coniferous forests they inhabit.
Species Name: Setophaga pinus
Length: 4.7-5.9 inches (12-15 cm)
Weight: 0.3-0.4 ounces (8-11 g)
Wingspan: 8.7-9.8 inches (22-25 cm)
Pine Warblers primarily breed in eastern North America, venturing as far as parts of Canada. They favor coniferous forests and pine groves as their preferred habitats.
Immerse yourself in the melodious songs of Pine Warblers, as their vibrant trilling notes fill the forest with a sense of tranquility.
Nests of Pine Warblers are skillfully constructed high up in the branches of coniferous trees, often hidden amidst thick foliage. Composed of twigs, grasses, and plant fibers, these nests provide a secure space for their eggs. Clutches usually contain three to five eggs, with an incubation period of approximately two weeks. The young ones fledge the nest after another two weeks or so.
To attract Pine Warblers to your backyard, incorporate coniferous trees and provide a reliable source of insects, as they are an essential component of their diet.
Fun Fact: Pine Warblers are known for their ability to feed upside down, a behavior they frequently exhibit while foraging for insects on pine cones.
20. Blackburnian Warbler
Minnesota’s woodlands are adorned with the vibrant presence of Blackburnian Warblers during the breeding season, from May to September. These striking birds can be spotted in approximately 7% of summer checklists.
Blackburnian Warblers exhibit a captivating appearance, showcasing a fiery orange throat and breast, contrasting with their black and white plumage. Their vibrant colors make them a favorite among bird enthusiasts.
Species Name: Setophaga fusca
Length: 4.3-5.1 inches (11-13 cm)
Weight: 0.3-0.4 ounces (8-11 g)
Wingspan: 7.1-7.9 inches (18-20 cm)
Blackburnian Warblers primarily breed across eastern North America, venturing as far as parts of Canada. They favor mature coniferous and mixed forests as their preferred habitats.
Indulge in the melodious songs of Blackburnian Warblers, as their high-pitched, sweet notes fill the treetops with their enchanting presence.
Nests of Blackburnian Warblers are skillfully crafted high in the branches of coniferous trees, expertly hidden amidst thick foliage. Constructed from twigs, moss, lichens, and plant fibers, these nests provide a secure space for their eggs. Clutches usually contain three to five eggs, with an incubation period of approximately two weeks. The young ones fledge the nest after another two weeks or so.
To attract Blackburnian Warblers to your backyard, incorporate mature trees, especially conifers, and provide a reliable source of insects, as they are an essential component of their diet.
Fun Fact: The breeding range of the Blackburnian Warbler is highly influenced by the availability of its preferred food source, the spruce budworm, leading to fluctuations in their distribution from year to year.
21. Wilson’s Warbler
Wilson’s Warblers bring their vibrant presence to Minnesota’s woodlands during the breeding season, from May to September. These charming birds can be observed in approximately 6% of summer checklists.
Wilson’s Warblers showcase a striking appearance, featuring a bright yellow body, olive-green wings, and a distinct black cap. Males and females exhibit similar plumage.
Species Name: Cardellina pusilla
Length: 4.3-5.1 inches (11-13 cm)
Weight: 0.3-0.4 ounces (8-11 g)
Wingspan: 6.3-7.1 inches (16-18 cm)
Wilson’s Warblers primarily breed in western North America, venturing as far as parts of Canada and Alaska. They favor wet thickets, shrubby areas, and streamside habitats as their preferred nesting grounds.
Delight in the melodious songs of Wilson’s Warblers, as their high-pitched and rapid trilling notes add a delightful ambiance to their surroundings.
Nests of Wilson’s Warblers are intricately woven structures, placed close to the ground within vegetation or shrubs. Composed of grasses, moss, plant fibers, and sometimes feathers, these nests provide a secure space for their eggs. Clutches usually contain four to six eggs, with an incubation period of approximately two weeks. The young ones fledge the nest after another two weeks or so.
To attract Wilson’s Warblers to your backyard, provide suitable dense shrubby areas, a water source, and refrain from using pesticides that harm their food sources.
Fun Fact: Wilson’s Warblers have been known to engage in a unique feeding behavior called “tail-wagging,” where they vigorously move their tails from side to side while foraging for insects.
22. Connecticut Warbler
Minnesota’s woodlands become a haven for birdwatchers during the breeding season, as Connecticut Warblers make their appearance from May to September. These elusive birds can be observed in approximately 5% of summer checklists.
Connecticut Warblers exhibit a subtle yet charming appearance, featuring olive-brown plumage with a gray head and a yellow throat and breast. Their subdued colors allow them to blend seamlessly with the undergrowth they inhabit.
Species Name: Oporornis agilis
Length: 5.9-6.7 inches (15-17 cm)
Weight: 0.5-0.7 ounces (14-20 g)
Wingspan: 9.8-11.4 inches (25-29 cm)
Connecticut Warblers primarily breed across the boreal forests of Canada and parts of the northern United States. They favor wet, swampy areas with dense undergrowth and shrubs as their preferred nesting grounds.
Despite being elusive and known for their secretive behavior, the Connecticut Warbler’s melodious songs are a treat for the ears when they do make an appearance.
Nests of Connecticut Warblers are skillfully crafted on or near the ground, often hidden amidst dense vegetation. Composed of leaves, grasses, and plant fibers, these nests provide a secure space for their eggs. Clutches usually contain four to six eggs, with an incubation period of approximately two weeks. The young ones fledge the nest after another two weeks or so.
To attract Connecticut Warblers to your backyard, create suitable wetland habitats with dense vegetation, including shrubs and low-growing plants, and provide a water source.
Fun Fact: Despite its name, the Connecticut Warbler was not named after the state but after the location where the first specimen was collected, which happened to be in Connecticut.
23. Nashville Warbler
Minnesota’s woodlands become alive with the vibrant presence of Nashville Warblers during the breeding season, from May to September. These charming birds can be spotted in approximately 5% of summer checklists.
Nashville Warblers exhibit a delightful combination of colors. They boast a bright yellow body, a gray head, and a distinct white eye ring. Males and females exhibit similar plumage.
Species Name: Leiothlypis ruficapilla
Length: 4.7-5.1 inches (12-13 cm)
Weight: 0.3-0.4 ounces (8-11 g)
Wingspan: 7.5-8.3 inches (19-21 cm)
Nashville Warblers primarily breed across central and eastern North America, venturing as far as parts of Canada. They favor dense deciduous and mixed forests as their preferred nesting grounds.
Immerse yourself in the melodious songs of Nashville Warblers, as their high-pitched and rapid warbling notes fill the woodland with their enchanting presence.
Nests of Nashville Warblers are skillfully woven structures, placed low in vegetation or shrubs. Composed of grasses, plant fibers, and moss, these nests provide a secure space for their eggs. Clutches usually contain four to six eggs, with an incubation period of approximately two weeks. The young ones fledge the nest after another two weeks or so.
To attract Nashville Warblers to your backyard, create suitable woodland habitats with dense vegetation, including shrubs and understory plants, and provide a water source.
Fun Fact: Nashville Warblers are known to perform a distinctive tail-pumping behavior, where they frequently pump their tails up and down while foraging for insects.
24. Bay-breasted Warbler
Minnesota’s woodlands become adorned with the vibrant presence of Bay-breasted Warblers during the breeding season, from May to September. These stunning birds can be observed in approximately 4% of summer checklists.
Bay-breasted Warblers exhibit a striking appearance, featuring a rich reddish-brown crown and upperparts, a black face, and a yellowish underbelly. Their vibrant colors make them a favorite among bird enthusiasts.
Species Name: Setophaga castanea
Length: 4.7-5.1 inches (12-13 cm)
Weight: 0.4-0.5 ounces (11-14 g)
Wingspan: 7.5-8.3 inches (19-21 cm)
Bay-breasted Warblers primarily breed across the boreal forests of Canada and parts of the northeastern United States. They favor spruce and fir forests as their preferred nesting grounds.
Indulge in the melodious songs of Bay-breasted Warblers, as their high-pitched and buzzy notes resonate through the woodland.
Nests of Bay-breasted Warblers are intricately woven structures, expertly hidden amidst dense foliage in trees. Composed of grasses, plant fibers, and moss, these nests provide a secure space for their eggs. Clutches usually contain three to five eggs, with an incubation period of approximately two weeks. The young ones fledge the nest after another two weeks or so.
To attract Bay-breasted Warblers to your backyard, incorporate coniferous trees, especially spruce and fir, and provide a reliable source of insects, as they are an essential component of their diet.
Fun Fact: Bay-breasted Warblers undergo a remarkable transformation during their migration. They molt into a duller plumage before leaving their breeding grounds and then molt again into their vibrant breeding plumage once they reach their wintering grounds in the tropics.
25. Mourning Warbler
Minnesota’s woodlands become a haven for birdwatchers during the breeding season, as Mourning Warblers make their appearance from May to September. These elusive birds can be observed in approximately 4% of summer checklists.
Mourning Warblers exhibit a subtle yet charming appearance. They boast a yellow underbelly, a gray head, and olive-green upperparts. Males and females exhibit similar plumage.
Species Name: Geothlypis philadelphia
Length: 4.7-5.1 inches (12-13 cm)
Weight: 0.4-0.5 ounces (11-14 g)
Wingspan: 7.5-8.3 inches (19-21 cm)
Mourning Warblers primarily breed across the northeastern United States and parts of Canada. They favor dense undergrowth, shrubby areas, and wet thickets as their preferred nesting grounds.
Delight in the melodious songs of Mourning Warblers, as their flute-like and mournful notes resonate through the woodland.
Nests of Mourning Warblers are skillfully woven structures, placed low in vegetation or shrubs. Composed of grasses, plant fibers, and moss, these nests provide a secure space for their eggs. Clutches usually contain three to five eggs, with an incubation period of approximately two weeks. The young ones fledge the nest after another two weeks or so.
To attract Mourning Warblers to your backyard, create suitable shrubby habitats with dense undergrowth, provide a water source, and refrain from using pesticides that harm their food sources.
Fun Fact: The Mourning Warbler is known for its unique migration pattern. It takes a more direct route during fall migration compared to spring migration, leading to a mismatch between the breeding range and the wintering range.
26. Canada Warbler
Minnesota’s woodlands come alive with the vibrant presence of Canada Warblers during the breeding season, from May to September. These charming birds can be spotted in approximately 4% of summer checklists.
Canada Warblers exhibit a captivating appearance, featuring a grayish-blue back, a bright yellow underbelly, and a distinct necklace-like pattern of black streaks. Their striking colors make them a favorite among birdwatchers.
Species Name: Cardellina canadensis
Length: 4.7-5.1 inches (12-13 cm)
Weight: 0.4-0.5 ounces (11-14 g)
Wingspan: 7.5-8.3 inches (19-21 cm)
Canada Warblers primarily breed across the boreal forests of Canada and parts of the northeastern United States. They favor moist forests with dense undergrowth and shrubby areas as their preferred nesting grounds.
Immerse yourself in the melodious songs of Canada Warblers, as their high-pitched and flute-like notes fill the woodland with their enchanting presence.
Nests of Canada Warblers are skillfully crafted low in shrubs or vegetation, often hidden amidst thick foliage. Composed of grasses, plant fibers, and moss, these nests provide a secure space for their eggs. Clutches usually contain three to five eggs, with an incubation period of approximately two weeks. The young ones fledge the nest after another two weeks or so.
To attract Canada Warblers to your backyard, create suitable woodland habitats with dense undergrowth, provide a water source, and refrain from using pesticides that harm their food sources.
Fun Fact: Canada Warblers are known for their unique foraging behavior, which involves flipping over leaves to search for insects, a behavior often referred to as “leaf-flip foraging.”
27. Palm Warbler
Minnesota’s woodlands become adorned with the vibrant presence of Palm Warblers during the breeding season, from May to September. These charming birds can be observed in approximately 3% of summer checklists.
Palm Warblers exhibit a delightful combination of colors. They feature a bright yellow underbelly, olive-brown upperparts, and a distinct rusty cap. Their striking colors and bobbing tail make them easily recognizable.
Species Name: Setophaga palmarum
Length: 4.7-5.1 inches (12-13 cm)
Weight: 0.4-0.5 ounces (11-14 g)
Wingspan: 7.5-8.3 inches (19-21 cm)
Palm Warblers primarily breed across the boreal forests of Canada and parts of the northeastern United States. They favor open woodlands, bogs, and shrubby areas as their preferred nesting grounds.
Delight in the melodious songs of Palm Warblers, as their high-pitched and rapid trilling notes resonate through the woodland.
Nests of Palm War
blers are skillfully woven structures, placed on the ground or low in vegetation. Composed of grasses, plant fibers, and moss, these nests provide a secure space for their eggs. Clutches usually contain four to five eggs, with an incubation period of approximately two weeks. The young ones fledge the nest after another two weeks or so.
To attract Palm Warblers to your backyard, create suitable shrubby habitats with open spaces, provide a water source, and refrain from using pesticides that harm their food sources.
Fun Fact: Palm Warblers are known for their unique tail-wagging behavior, which they often display while foraging on the ground or perched on a branch.
28. Cerulean Warbler
Minnesota’s woodlands become a paradise for bird enthusiasts during the breeding season, as Cerulean Warblers make their appearance from May to September. These stunning birds can be spotted in approximately 3% of summer checklists.
Cerulean Warblers exhibit a captivating appearance, featuring a bright blue back, a white underbelly, and a distinct black necklace-like pattern. Males and females exhibit similar plumage.
Species Name: Setophaga cerulea
Length: 4.3-5.1 inches (11-13 cm)
Weight: 0.3-0.4 ounces (8-11 g)
Wingspan: 7.5-8.7 inches (19-22 cm)
Cerulean Warblers primarily breed across eastern North America, venturing as far as parts of Canada. They favor mature deciduous forests with a dense canopy as their preferred nesting grounds.
Immerse yourself in the melodious songs of Cerulean Warblers, as their high-pitched and buzzy notes resonate through the woodland.
Nests of Cerulean Warblers are skillfully crafted high in the branches of deciduous trees, often hidden amidst thick foliage. Composed of grasses, plant fibers, and spider silk, these nests provide a secure space for their eggs. Clutches usually contain three to four eggs, with an incubation period of approximately two weeks. The young ones fledge the nest after another two weeks or so.
To attract Cerulean Warblers to your backyard, create suitable woodland habitats with a diverse range of trees and a dense canopy, provide a water source, and refrain from using pesticides that harm their food sources.
Fun Fact: Cerulean Warblers are known for their incredible long-distance migration, traveling thousands of miles from their breeding grounds in North America to their wintering grounds in South America.
29. Least Flycatcher
Minnesota’s woodlands become alive with the energetic presence of Least Flycatchers during the breeding season, from May to September. These charismatic birds can be observed in approximately 3% of summer checklists.
Least Flycatchers exhibit a subtle yet charming appearance, featuring a grayish-brown back, a whitish underbelly, and a distinct eye ring. Their small size and distinct call make them easily recognizable.
Species Name: Empidonax minimus
Length: 5.1-5.5 inches (13-14 cm)
Weight: 0.4-0.5 ounces (11-14 g)
Wingspan: 7.9-9.1 inches (20-23 cm)
Least Flycatchers primarily breed across North America, venturing as far as parts of Canada and the northeastern United States. They favor open woodlands, forest edges, and shrubby areas as their preferred nesting grounds.
Delight in the melodious songs of Least Flycatchers, as their distinct “che-bek” calls fill the woodland with their enchanting presence.
Nests of Least Flycatchers are skillfully woven structures, placed in the forks of
branches or hidden within shrubs. Composed of grasses, plant fibers, and spider silk, these nests provide a secure space for their eggs. Clutches usually contain three to five eggs, with an incubation period of approximately two weeks. The young ones fledge the nest after another two weeks or so.
To attract Least Flycatchers to your backyard, create suitable woodland habitats with open spaces and perching spots, provide a water source, and refrain from using pesticides that harm their food sources.
Fun Fact: Least Flycatchers are known for their insect-catching prowess. They typically sit on a perch, wait for an insect to fly by, and then dart out to catch it in mid-air before returning to the same perch.